Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy in the oldest old: a population-based study.

Population-based cohort studies are essential for understanding the pathological basis of dementia in older populations. Previous studies have shown that limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC) increases with age, but there have been only a few studies, which have investigated this entity in a population-based setting. Here we studied the frequency of LATE-NC and its associations with other brain pathologies and cognition in a population aged ≥ 85 years.

Primary age-related tauopathy in a Finnish population-based study of the oldest old (Vantaa 85+).

Aims: Few studies have investigated primary age-related tauopathy (PART) in a population-based setting. Here, we assessed its prevalence, genetic background, comorbidities and features of cognitive decline in an unselected elderly population.

Methods: The population-based Vantaa 85+ study includes all 601 inhabitants of Vantaa aged ≥ 85 years in 1991.

Amyloid in parenchymal organs in gelsolin (AGel) amyloidosis.

Previous clinical studies have shown frequent cardiac symptoms in patients with hereditary gelsolin (AGel) amyloidosis, possibly related to amyloid deposition in the heart and other internal organs. Previous studies on internal organ amyloid deposition in AGel amyloidosis have been based on small patient series. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 25 autopsied individuals (age at death 44.

CAIDE Dementia Risk Score, Alzheimer and cerebrovascular pathology: a population-based autopsy study.

Background: CAIDE Dementia Risk Score is a tool for estimating dementia risk in the general population. Its longitudinal associations with Alzheimer or vascular neuropathology in the oldest old are not known.

Aim: To explore the relationship between CAIDE Dementia Risk Score at baseline and neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, cerebral infarcts and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) after up to 10-year follow-up in the Vantaa 85 +  population.

Alzheimer risk loci and associated neuropathology in a population-based study (Vantaa 85+).

Objective: To test the association of distinct neuropathologic features of Alzheimer disease (AD) with risk loci identified in genome-wide association studies.

Methods: Vantaa 85+ is a population-based study that includes 601 participants aged ≥85 years, of which 256 were neuropathologically examined. We analyzed 29 AD risk loci in addition to ε4, which was studied separately and used as a covariate.

Population-based analysis of pathological correlates of dementia in the oldest old.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze brain pathologies which cause dementia in the oldest old population.

Methods: All 601 persons aged ≥85 years living in the city of Vantaa (Finland), on April 1st, 1991 formed the study population of the Vantaa85 +  study, 300 of whom were autopsied during follow-up (79.5% females, mean age-at-death 92 ± 3.

Increasing amount of amyloid are associated with the severity of clinical features in hereditary gelsolin (AGel) amyloidosis.

Background: Patients with hereditary gelsolin (AGel) amyloidosis (HGA) present with hanging skin (cutis laxa) and bilateral cranial neuropathy, and require symptomatic plastic surgery. Our clinical observation of tissue fragility prompted us to design a prospective study.

Methods: Twenty-nine patients with HGA undergoing surgery were interviewed and clinically examined.

Causes of death and life span in Finnish gelsolin amyloidosis.

Background: Finnish type of hereditary gelsolin amyloidosis (AGel amyloidosis) is an autosomal dominant disorder. Until recently, there has only been little knowledge of fatal complications of the disease and its possible impact on the patients' life span.

Methods: We identified 272 deceased patients based on patient interviews and genealogical data.

A novel transthyretin Lys70Glu (p.Lys90Glu) mutation presenting with vitreous amyloidosis and carpal tunnel syndrome.

Objective: We describe a novel TTR mutation with vitreous opacities and carpal tunnel syndrome.

Materials And Methods: A 78 year-old woman with vitreous opacities, her daughter with dry eye syndrome, and brother with carpal tunnel syndrome were tested for a mutation in the TTR gene. The vitreous opacities were removed and stained with Congo red and immunohistochemistry against wild type TTR.

Capillary amyloid-β protein deposition in a population-based study (Vantaa 85+).

Background: Capillary amyloid-β (capAβ) deposition in the cerebral cortex is the neuropathological feature providing the basis for categorizing cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) into two distinct types, CAA-Type1 with capAβ and CAA-Type2 without capAβ.

Objective: We investigated the neuropathological and clinical characteristics of capAβ deposition in a prospective population-based study.

Methods: Vantaa 85+ includes 601 individuals aged ≥85 years, of which 300 were studied clinically and neuropathologically.

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy related hemorrhage after stroke thrombolysis: case report and literature review.

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) predisposes to symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) after combined thrombolytic and anticoagulant treatment of acute myocardial infarction. However, the role of CAA in stroke thrombolysis has not been established. Here, we describe a confirmed case of CAA-related hemorrhage in a patient receiving thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke.

Relationships between white matter hyperintensities, cerebral amyloid angiopathy and dementia in a population-based sample of the oldest old.

Previous reports suggest that brain white matter changes, a surrogate for small vessel disease, are related to cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). However, this relationship has not been explored in population-based studies or in the oldest old (>85 years of age). We studied the relationships between white matter hyperintensities (WMH) determined by post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neuropathologically assessed CAA in demented and nondemented subjects enrolled in the prospective community-based Finnish Vantaa 85+ Study.

Plasma homocysteine, Alzheimer and cerebrovascular pathology: a population-based autopsy study.

Elevated plasma total homocysteine is associated with increased risk of dementia/Alzheimer's disease, but underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully understood. This study investigated possible links between baseline homocysteine, and post-mortem neuropathological and magnetic resonance imaging findings up to 10 years later in the Vantaa 85+ population including people aged ≥85 years. Two hundred and sixty-five individuals had homocysteine and autopsy data, of which 103 had post-mortem brain magnetic resonance imaging scans.

Low trypsinogen-1 expression in pediatric ulcerative colitis patients who undergo surgery.

Aim: To investigate whether matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) or trypsinogens could serve as histological markers for an aggressive disease course in pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: We identified 24 patients with pediatric onset (≤ 16 years) UC who had undergone surgery during childhood/adolescence a median of 2.1 years (range 0.

Xerostomia in hereditary gelsolin amyloidosis.

Hereditary gelsolin amyloidosis (AGel amyloidosis) is a rare, dominantly inherited systemic disease with worldwide distribution, caused by c.654G > A or c.654G > T gelsolin gene mutation.

Wrist-worn accelerometers in assessment of energy expenditure during intensive training.

We assessed the ability of the Polar activity recorder (AR) to measure energy expenditure (EE) during military training. Twenty-four voluntary male conscripts participated in the study and wore an AR on the non-dominant wrist 24 h a day for 7 d. The AR analyzed and stored the frequency of hand movements (f_hand) into memory at 1 min intervals.

Amyloid precursor protein (APP) A673T mutation in the elderly Finnish population.

Pathogenic mutations of the APP gene, leading to early-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been known for more than 20 years. Recently, it was discovered that APP mutations might also be protective. A rare variant A673T reportedly protects against AD and age-related cognitive impairment and might functionally inhibit proteolytic cleavage at the β-secretase site of APP.

Effects of easy-to-use protein-rich energy bar on energy balance, physical activity and performance during 8 days of sustained physical exertion.

Background: Previous military studies have shown an energy deficit during a strenuous field training course (TC). This study aimed to determine the effects of energy bar supplementation on energy balance, physical activity (PA), physical performance and well-being and to evaluate ad libitum fluid intake during wintertime 8-day strenuous TC.

Methods: Twenty-six men (age 20±1 yr.

Intracerebral hemorrhage in the oldest old: a population-based study (vantaa 85+).

Aims: Very elderly subjects represent the fastest growing population in the world. Most of the recent studies on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) have been carried out on younger patients and/or preferably using novel radiological techniques. We investigated the prevalence, risk factors, and histopathological characteristics of the ICH in the oldest old.

Prevalence and severity of cerebral amyloid angiopathy: a population-based study on very elderly Finns (Vantaa 85+).

Background: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is frequent in patients with Alzheimer's disease while its prevalence in different populations is variable. We investigated the prevalence and severity of CAA in a very elderly Finnish population.

Methods: Neuropathological investigation was performed on 306 subjects from the population-based Vantaa 85+ Study (253 women, 53 men, mean age at death 92.

APOE and AβPP gene variation in cortical and cerebrovascular amyloid-β pathology and Alzheimer's disease: a population-based analysis.

Cortical and cerebrovascular amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but also occurs in elderly people not affected by dementia. The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 is a major genetic modulator of Aβ deposition and AD risk. Variants of the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) gene have been reported to contribute to AD and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA).

Effects of a heart rate-based recovery period on hormonal, neuromuscular, and aerobic performance responses during 7 weeks of strength training in men.

The purpose of this study was to compare hormonal, neuromuscular, and aerobic performance changes between a constant 2-minute interset recovery time and an interset recovery time based on individual heart rate (HR) responses during a 7-week (3 sessions per week, 3 × 10 repetition maximum [RM]) hypertrophic strength training period. The HR-dependent recovery time was determined with a Polar FT80 HR monitor, whereas the control groups used constant 2-minute periods between sets. From 24 male subjects who were divided in 2 equal groups, 21 completed the study (FT80, n = 12; CONTROL, n = 9).

Association of military training with oxidative stress and overreaching.

Unlabelled: We hypothesized that increased oxidative stress and disrupted redox balance may be predisposing factors and markers for overreaching (OR).

Purpose: The study's purpose was to examine whether oxidative stress markers and antioxidant status and physical fitness are related to OR during an 8-wk military basic training (BT) period.

Methods: Oxidative stress and antioxidant status were evaluated in the beginning and after 4 and 7 wk of training in 35 males (age = 19.

Matrix metalloproteinase-β19 expressed in cerebral amyloid angiopathy.

Background: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a frequent finding in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). CAA may be complicated with CAA-associated intracerebral haemorrhage (CAAH). Previous studies have revealed matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in a mouse model of CAA and in human intracerebral haemorrhage.