Level of involvement of four selected cytochrome P450s (CYPs) in pyrethroid-resistant () and across Côte d'Ivoire.

In Côte d'Ivoire, there is a high intensity of pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors which may threaten successful vector control. Molecular studies of the target site mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) show that the gene frequencies of these mutations are high, widely spread across Côte d'Ivoire, and even fixed in some areas. To further characterize insecticide resistance in Côte d'Ivoire beyond target site mutations, the metabolic resistance mechanism was explored.

Intense malarial transmission during the dry season in irrigated rice-growing areas: a case study in Sakassou, Côte d'Ivoire.

The health district of Sakassou is one of the 83 health districts in Côte d'Ivoire, located in a zone with very high malarial transmission rates, with an incidence rate of ≥40% Therefore, to guide vector control methods more effectively, it was crucial to have a good understanding of the vectors in the area. This study aimed to determine the level of malarial transmission during the dry season in Sakassou, Côte d'Ivoire. Female mosquitoes were sampled using human landing catches (HLCs) and pyrethrum spraying catches (PSCs).

Entomological monitoring data driving decision-making for appropriate and sustainable malaria vector control in Côte d'Ivoire.

Background: Entomological surveillance provides critical information on vectors for appropriate malaria vector control and strategic decision-making. The widely documented insecticide resistance of malaria vectors in Côte d'Ivoire requires that any vector control intervention deployment be driven by entomological data to optimize its effectiveness and appropriate resource allocations. To achieve this goal, this study documents the results of monthly vector surveillance and insecticide susceptibility tests conducted in 2019 and a review of all previous entomological monitoring data used to guide vector control decision making.

Giant photoluminescence enhancement in MoSe monolayers treated with oleic acid ligands.

The inherently low photoluminescence (PL) yields in the as prepared transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers are broadly accepted to be the result of atomic vacancies (, defects) and uncontrolled doping, which give rise to non-radiative exciton decay pathways. To date, a number of chemical passivation schemes have been successfully developed to improve PL in sulphur based TMDs , molybdenum disulphide (MoS) and tungsten disulphide (WS) monolayers. Studies on solution based chemical passivation schemes for improving PL yields in selenium (Se) based TMDs are however lacking in comparison.

Rational Passivation of Sulfur Vacancy Defects in Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides.

Structural defects vary the optoelectronic properties of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, leading to concerted efforts to control defect type and density materials growth or postgrowth passivation. Here, we explore a simple chemical treatment that allows on-off switching of low-lying, defect-localized exciton states, leading to tunable emission properties. Using steady-state and ultrafast optical spectroscopy, supported by calculations, we show that passivation of sulfur vacancy defects, which act as exciton traps in monolayer MoS and WS, allows for controllable and improved mobilities and an increase in photoluminescence up to 275-fold, more than twice the value achieved by other chemical treatments.

Susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae from Côte d'Ivoire to insecticides used on insecticide-treated nets: evaluating the additional entomological impact of piperonyl butoxide and chlorfenapyr.

Background: Pyrethroid-treated mosquito nets are currently the mainstay of vector control in Côte d'Ivoire. However, resistance to pyrethroids has been reported across the country, limiting options for insecticide resistance management due to the paucity of alternative insecticides. Two types of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), ITNs with pyrethroids and the synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO), and Interceptor®G2 nets, a net treated with a combination of chlorfenapyr and alpha-cypermethrin, are believed to help in the control of pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes.

Directed Energy Transfer from Monolayer WS to Near-Infrared Emitting PbS-CdS Quantum Dots.

Heterostructures of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and inorganic semiconducting zero-dimensional (0D) quantum dots (QDs) offer useful charge and energy transfer pathways, which could form the basis of future optoelectronic devices. To date, most have focused on charge transfer and energy transfer from QDs to TMDs, that is, from 0D to 2D. Here, we present a study of the energy transfer process from a 2D to 0D material, specifically exploring energy transfer from monolayer tungsten disulfide (WS) to near-infrared emitting lead sulfide-cadmium sulfide (PbS-CdS) QDs.

[Exceptional Neurological Complication of Snakebite Envenomation: A Case in Mali].

Envenomation by snakebite can lead to hematological, circulatory, digestive, renal, and neurological complications. Brain abscess after snakebite envenomation is exceptional and very rarely reported in the literature. In this article, we describe the clinical case of a 45-year-old woman with no particular history, admitted to our department for vigilance disturbances linked to a motor deficit on the right side and fever after viper bite on the left thumb.

Enhancing Photoluminescence and Mobilities in WS Monolayers with Oleic Acid Ligands.

Many potential applications of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) require both high photoluminescence (PL) yield and high electrical mobilities. However, the PL yield of as prepared TMD monolayers is low and believed to be limited by defect sites and uncontrolled doping. This has led to a large effort to develop chemical passivation methods to improve PL and mobilities.

Polyradiculopathies in the neurology department of the Cocody University Hospital, Abidjan, Ivory Coast: epidemiological and clinical profiles and outcomes over a six-year period.

Polyradiculoneuropathies (PRNs) are inflammatory disorders of the peripheral nervous system. They are diffuse in general, sparing neither the proximal portions of the elements of this system, where they predominate, nor the cranial nerves. To describe the epidemiological and diagnostic profiles, as well as the course, of patients with PRN in the Cocody university hospital center (Abidjan) neurology department over the past six years.

[Impact of migraine on life quality in school environment in Bamako, Mali].

Introduction: Migraine is a disabiliting disease accounting for 3%. Its prevalence and impact on the schoolar population deserves to be known.

Methodology: This is a five-month cross-sectional and descriptive study of students under 23 years of age at the high school in Bamako, Mali.

Observation of Vibronic-Coupling-Mediated Energy Transfer in Light-Harvesting Nanotubes Stabilized in a Solid-State Matrix.

Ultrafast vibrational spectroscopy is employed to obtain real-time structural information on energy transport in double-walled light-harvesting nanotubes at room temperature, stabilized in a host matrix to mimic the rigid scaffolds of natural light-harvesting systems. We observe evidence of a low-frequency vibrational mode at 315 cm, which transfers excitons from the outer wall of the nanotubes to a crossing point through which energy transfer to the inner wall can occur. This mode is furthermore absent in solution phase.

Incidence of serious morbidity in HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy in a West African care centre, 2003-2008.

Background: In resource-limited settings, scaling-up antiretroviral treatment (ART) has required the involvement of decentralized health facilities with limited equipment. We estimated the incidence of serious morbidity among HIV-infected adults receiving ART in one of these HIV routine care center in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study at the Centre Medical de Suivi des Donneurs de Sang (CMSDS), which is affiliated with the National Centre for Blood Transfusion in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.

[Surgical tetanus in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire].

Objective: To describe the epidemiological and clinical features and the outcome of tetanus with a surgical wound (open fracture, burn, incision, curettage, etc) as the portal of entry.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of records of patients hospitalized in the department of infectious and tropical diseases in Abidjan for surgical tetanus from 2003 to 2008.

Results: During the 6-year study period, 29 cases were identified.

Antiretroviral treatment changes in adults from Côte d'Ivoire: the roles of tuberculosis and pregnancy.

Objective: To determine the rates and causes of first antiretroviral treatment changes in HIV-infected adults in Côte d'Ivoire.

Methods: We evaluated adults who initiated antiretroviral treatment in an outpatient clinic in Abidjan. We recorded baseline and follow-up data, including drug prescriptions and reasons for changing to alternative first-line regimens (drug substitution for any reason but failure) or second-line regimens (switch for failure).

Studies on the biological activity of stubomycin.

Stubomycin showed direct cytotoxic activity on mammalian cells, yeast, and fungi, and rapid hemolytic activity on mouse erythrocytes. The rate and extent of the cytotoxic and hemolytic activities decreased at lower temperatures. Studies with radioactive precursors revealed that a marginal cytocidal concentration of the antibiotic inhibited synthesis of DNA, RNA, and protein of leukemic cells at almost the same rate.