The Role of Prenatal Ultrasound and Added Value of Post-Mortem Radiographic Imaging With X-Ray and CT in Suspected Fetal Skeletal Dysplasia.

Objective: This study aims to assess the diagnostic value of post-mortem radiographic imaging compared with prenatal ultrasound in suspected fetal skeletal dysplasias in a large Finnish cohort.

Method: Prenatal ultrasound findings and their association with post-mortem radiographic imaging were evaluated in a cohort of 36 fetuses with prenatally suspected skeletal dysplasia.

Results: Prenatal ultrasound performed well in detecting skeletal dysplasias and severe forms of the disease.

Emerging Technologies for Improving Musculoskeletal Health: A Systematic Evidence Gap Map.

Introduction: Musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions are the largest contributor to disability worldwide. The aim of this project was to undertake a horizon scan and generate an evidence gap map (EGM) to highlight technological innovations in development for preventing and managing MSK conditions at early stages of the clinical treatment pathway, and to identify areas of unmet need.

Methods: In February 2024, bibliographic databases, a clinical trial registry, research funding portals, and company websites were searched for relevant records.

Self-care for maternal and reproductive health in conflict settings: qualitative case study in Nuba Mountains, Sudan.

Introduction: Self-care is a critical component of Reproductive, Maternal, and Neonatal Health (RMNH), offering women the knowledge, skills, and autonomy needed for well-being throughout the reproductive cycle. This paper explores the significance of self-care in conflict-affected regions, where access to formal healthcare is limited. Such areas place pregnant women at higher risk due to increased incidents of adverse events during pregnancy and childbirth.

Draft genome of the caprolactam-degrading sp. CAP02 isolated from a landfill.

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of sp. CAP02, which metabolizes caprolactam as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen. This bacterium was isolated from Dane County Landfill Site No.

Infertility following trisomic pregnancies: A nationwide cohort study.

Objective: To study whether gynecologic or reproductive disorders show association with trisomic conceptions.

Methods: This nationwide cohort study utilized the Registry of Congenital Malformations to identify women who had a trisomic pregnancy (n = 5784), either with trisomy 13 (T13; n = 351), trisomy 18 (T18; n = 1065) or trisomy 21 (T21; n = 4369) from 1987 to 2018. We used the Finnish Maternity cohort to match the cases to population controls (n = 34 422) on the age, residence, and timing of pregnancy.

Biosynthesis of Arcyriaflavin F from Streptomyces venezuelae ATCC 10712.

Indolocarbazoles are natural products with a broad spectrum of bioactivity. A distinct feature of indolocarbazole biosynthesis is the modification of the indole and maleimide rings by regioselective tailoring enzymes. Here, we study a new indolocarbazole variant, which is encoded by the acfXODCP genes from Streptomyces venezuelae ATCC 10712.

Factors influencing imaging clinical decision-making in low back pain management. A scoping review.

Background: The use of diagnostic imaging in low back pain (LBP) management is often inappropriate, despite recommendations from clinical practice guidelines. There is a limited understanding of factors that influence the imaging clinical decision-making (CDM) process.

Aim: Explore the literature on factors influencing imaging CDM for people with LBP and consider how these findings could be used to reduce inappropriate use of imaging in LBP management.

Repair of leukemia-associated single nucleotide variants via interallelic gene conversion.

CRISPR-Cas9 is a useful tool for inserting precise genetic alterations through homology-directed repair (HDR), although current methods rely on provision of an exogenous repair template. Here, we tested the possibility of repairing heterozygous single nucleotide variants (SNVs) using the cell's own wild-type allele rather than an exogenous template. Using high-fidelity Cas9 to perform allele-specific CRISPR across multiple human leukemia cell lines as well as in primary hematopoietic cells from patients with leukemia, we find high levels of reversion to wild-type in the absence of exogenous template.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on utilization and cost for care of pediatric and young adult ALL.

Objective: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood malignancy and among the most common malignancies in young adults and requires a unique pattern of healthcare utilization including an acute/emergent presentation and an intensive initial 8 months of therapy followed by two years of outpatient treatment. The COVID-19 pandemic caused massive global disruptions in healthcare use and delivery. This report aims to examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the presentation, diagnosis and continued management of childhood and young adult ALL in regard to utilization and cost of care among commercially insured individuals in the United States.

A novel quinoline with airway relaxant effects and anti-inflammatory properties.

Background: In chronic pulmonary diseases characterized by inflammation and airway obstruction, such as asthma and COPD, there are unmet needs for improved treatment. Quinolines is a group of small heterocyclic compounds that have a broad range of pharmacological properties. Here, we investigated the airway relaxant and anti-inflammatory properties of a novel quinoline (RCD405).

The Real-World Impact of App-Based Mindfulness on Headspace Members With Moderate and Severe Perceived Stress: Observational Study.

Background: Perceived stress in the United States has drastically increased since the COVID-19 pandemic and is associated with negative mental health outcomes such as depression and anxiety. Digital mental health (DMH) interventions are efficacious tools to address negative mental health outcomes and have helped reduce the severity of psychological symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, and perceived stress, compared to waitlist controls. Although DMH tools have been studied in controlled settings, less is known about the real-world evidence of such interventions.

Healthcare cost and utilization for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in the treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A commercial insurance claims database analysis.

Background: B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most common malignancy of childhood. With the introduction of novel cellular therapies, cost of care is a critical component and the financial burden experienced by patients and society requires evaluation.

Aims: This study aims to assess the utilization and cost of care for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy for pediatric ALL patients with commercial insurance coverage in the United States.

Macrophage expressed tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5 promotes pulmonary fibrosis progression.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disorder involving scarring of pulmonary tissue and a subsequent decrease in respiratory capacity, ultimately resulting in death. Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5 (ACP5) plays a role in IPF but the exact mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. In this study, we have utilized various perturbations of the bleomycin mouse model of IPF including genetic knockout, RANKL inhibition, and macrophage adoptive transfer to further understand ACP5's role in pulmonary fibrosis.

Hemispheric Asymmetry in TMS-Induced Effects on Spatial Attention: A Meta-Analysis.

Hemispheric asymmetry is a fundamental principle in the functional architecture of the brain. It plays an important role in attention research where right hemisphere dominance is core to many attention theories. Lesion studies seem to confirm such hemispheric dominance with patients being more likely to develop left hemineglect after right hemispheric stroke than vice versa.

Substrate-specific binding of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) reprograms mucosal adaptations to chronic airway injury.

Recent advances have uncovered the non-random distribution of 7, 8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoGua) induced by reactive oxygen species, which is believed to have epigenetic effects. Its cognate repair protein, 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1), reads oxidative substrates and participates in transcriptional initiation. When redox signaling is activated in small airway epithelial cells, the DNA repair function of OGG1 is repurposed to transmit acute inflammatory signals accompanied by cell state transitions and modification of the extracellular matrix.

Epigenetic control of type III interferon expression by 8-oxoguanine and its reader 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase1.

Interferons (IFNs) are secreted cytokines with the ability to activate expression of IFN stimulated genes that increase resistance of cells to virus infections. Activated transcription factors in conjunction with chromatin remodelers induce epigenetic changes that reprogram IFN responses. Unexpectedly, 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase1 (Ogg1) knockout mice show enhanced stimuli-driven IFN expression that confers increased resistance to viral and bacterial infections and allergen challenges.