Dynamic responses during early development of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius to CO-driven ocean acidification: A microRNA-mRNA integrated analysis.

To explore the dynamic molecular responses to CO-driven ocean acidification (OA) during the early developmental stages of sea urchins, gametes of Strongylocentrotus intermedius were fertilized and developed to the four-armed larva stage in either natural seawater (as a control; pH = 7.99 ± 0.01) or acidified conditions (ΔpH = -0.

MiR-210, not let-7, regulates Akt gene expression against Vibrio splendidus infection in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus.

The immune regulatory roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently attracted considerable attention. Bioinformatics prediction revealed that both let-7 and miR-210 provide potential binding sites for the Akt (rac-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase) gene sequence in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (termed AjAkt). In this study, we first used a dual-luciferase reporter assay and functional validation techniques to verify the interactions between these two miRNAs (let-7 and miR-210) and AjAkt, and then investigated the functions of the validated miRNA/mRNA pair as part of the innate immune response against Vibrio splendidus infection.

Interactive effects of chronic ocean acidification and warming on the growth, survival, and physiological responses of adults of the temperate sea urchin Strongylocentrotusintermedius.

To investigate the interactive effects of chronic ocean acidification and warming (OAW) on the growth, survival, and physiological responses of sea urchins, adults of the temperate sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius were incubated separately/jointly in acidic (ΔpH = -0.5 units) and thermal (ΔT = +3.0 °C) seawater for 120 days under lab-controlled conditions based on the projected ocean pH and temperature for 2100 put forward by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

miRn-3 inhibits cutaneous wound healing by targeting gelsolin in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus.

The microRNA novel-3 (miRn-3) is a 23-nt small endogenous noncoding RNA of unknown function. To enrich our knowledge of the regulatory function of miRn-3 in the process of wound healing, the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus was used as a target model in this study. Gelsolin (AjGSN), a potential target gene of miRn-3, was cloned and characterized, and the interaction between miRn-3 and AjGSN was verified.

Non-coding RNAs targeting NF-κB pathways in aquatic animals: A review.

Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathways have a close relationship with many diseases, especially in terms of the regulation of inflammation and the immune response. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a heterogeneous subset of endogenous RNAs that directly affect cellular function in the absence of proteins or peptide products; these include microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), etc. Studies on the roles of ncRNAs in targeting the NF-κB pathways in aquatic animals are scarce.

MiR-7 Regulates Pathogen-Induced Immune Response PAK1 in the Sea Cucumber .

MicroRNA-7 (miR-7) is a highly conserved short non-coding RNA involved in various bioprocesses the regulation of multiple target genes. To enrich our knowledge of the functions of miR-7 in innate immune regulation in echinoderms, we first investigated the targeting relationship between miR-7 and in the sea cucumber and then explored the functions of miR-7, the gene, and the miR-7/ axis in the pathogen-induced immune response of . Our results showed that miR-7 can bind to the 3'UTR of and negatively regulate the expression of in .

Isolation and characterization of four pathogenic strains of Vibrio spp. from farmed sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus intermedius, in China.

The sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius, famous for its gonadal quality, is one of the most important farmed species in the sea area of northern China. Since 2020, outbreaks of black peristomial membrane disease (commonly called black mouth disease) have frequently occurred in spring and winter in cultured S. intermedius.

Responses of sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus intermedius) with different sexes to CO-induced seawater acidification: Histology, physiology, and metabolomics.

Responses of different sexes of farmed Strongylocentrotus intermedius to chronic CO-induced seawater acidification were investigated in 120-day lab-based experiments. Four experimental groups were set up as one control group and three seawater acidification groups. The results showed that 1) Specific growth rate and the numbers of mature gamete cells declined in a pH-dependent way in both sexes of adult S.

Involvement of LDL and ox-LDL in Cancer Development and Its Therapeutical Potential.

Lipid metabolism disorder is related to an increased risk of tumorigenesis and is involved in the rapid growth of cancer cells as well as the formation of metastatic lesions. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) are closely associated with breast cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and other malignancies, suggesting that LDL and ox-LDL play important roles during the occurrence and development of cancers. LDL can deliver cholesterol into cancer cells after binding to LDL receptor (LDLR).

Identification of a novel RhoA gene in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus and its immune regulatory function via interacting with miR-2012-5p.

RhoA (Ras homolog A) protein is a representative member of the Rho GTPase family and is involved in various cellular processes. The function of RhoA in sea cucumbers is unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that RhoA may regulate the innate immune response of Apostichopus japonicus.

Celastrol ameliorates vascular neointimal hyperplasia through Wnt5a-involved autophagy.

Neointimal hyperplasia caused by the excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is the pathological basis of restenosis. However, there are few effective strategies to prevent restenosis. Celastrol, a pentacyclic triterpene, has been recently documented to be beneficial to certain cardiovascular diseases.

Integrated miRNA-mRNA analysis provides potential biomarkers for selective breeding in bay scallop (Argopecten irradians).

Growth traits were compared between selected Argopecten irradians (BA) and non-selected A. irradians (NA; as a control). The results indicated that 1) the BA line exhibited greater average body weight and adductor muscle wet weight increase compared with the NA line at the same age of 10 months.

Celastrol Attenuates Lipid Accumulation and Stemness of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma via CAV-1/LOX-1 Pathway.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized by abnormal lipid accumulation. Celastrol is a pentacyclic triterpene extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F with anti-cancer activity. In the present study, the anticancer effects of celastrol on ccRCC and the underlying mechanisms were studied.

PVAT targets VSMCs to regulate vascular remodelling: angel or demon.

Vascular remodelling refers to abnormal changes in the structure and function of blood vessel walls caused by injury, and is the main pathological basis of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and pulmonary hypertension. Among them, the neointimal hyperplasia caused by abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of vascular remodelling. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) can release vasoactive substances to target VSMCs and regulate the pathological process of vascular remodelling.

Celastrol suppresses lipid accumulation through LXRα/ABCA1 signaling pathway and autophagy in vascular smooth muscle cells.

The uptake of modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and the accumulation of lipid droplets induce the formation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)-derived foam cells, thereby promoting the development and maturation of plaques and accelerating the progression of atherosclerosis. Celastrol is a quinine methide triterpenoid isolated from the root bark of traditional Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii. It possesses various biological properties, including anti-obesity, cardiovascular protection, anti-inflammation, etc.

Total saponins from Lilium lancifolium: a promising alternative to inhibit the growth of gastric carcinoma cells.

, as a medicinal and edible plant, has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and immunopotentiating pharmacological activities, which seems to be therapeutic on cancer prevention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of total saponins from Lilium lancifolium (TSLL) on proliferation, apoptosis and migration of human gastric carcinoma cells lines SGC-7901 and HGC-27 and its underlying mechanism. The results showed that TSLL inhibited the proliferation of gastric carcinoma cells by suppressing the level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and increased p21 level.

MicroRNAs involved in innate immunity regulation in the sea cucumber: A review.

The sea cucumber is one of the most economically significant echinoderms. The immunity against exogenous stimulation of sea cucumber is of great academic and economic importance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short endogenous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are considered as vital regulators of both innate and adaptive immune responses in most eukaryotes.