Protein-energy malnutrition as the first manifestation of cystic fibrosis in infancy.

Background: The protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) that is characterized by hypoproteinemia, edema, and anemia has been reported in 5-13% of infants with cystic fibrosis (CF). Due to the surprising higher incidence of PEM as the first presenting manifestation of CF in Macedonia, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible risk factors in its development.

Methods: Clinical and laboratory profiles (hemoglobin, red blood cell count, total serum protein, serum albumin and liver enzyme levels) and genotype data were analyzed in 115 newly diagnosed infants with CF, during the period 1990-2006.