Gemcitabine-Based Chemotherapy for Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma: Identifying the Appropriate Dose and Schedule.

Background In 2024, reimbursement for gemcitabine-docetaxel therapy (GEM-DOC; gemcitabine 900 mg/m on days 1 and 8 and docetaxel 70 mg/m on day 8 every 21 days, GEM 900-DOC 70) to treat recurrent/metastatic soft tissue sarcoma (STS) was made in Japan. Methods We retrospectively reviewed clinical records of advanced/metastatic STS patients who underwent off-label gemcitabine-containing chemotherapy at the Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research between February 2007 and October 2019. Results Of 115 enrolled patients, 51 were treated with GEM-DOC (26 patients received the dose as previously stated) and the other 64 with gemcitabine monotherapy.

Confirmatory diagnosis and successive chemotherapeutic treatments of metastatic skeletal sarcoma: A case report.

sarcoma is rare and its clinical features remain unclear. Given the similarity in presentation, it is possible that previously reported cases of Ewing-like adamantinoma may have been sarcoma. The present case report describes a tumor in a 55-year-old man that was originally thought to be a Ewing-like adamantinoma, but was recently found to be an sarcoma following direct sequencing.

Impact of Technological Advancements on Short-term Outcomes in Flap Reconstruction after Soft Tissue Sarcoma Resection: A Retrospective Comparative Analysis.

Background:  Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare malignancies requiring extensive surgical resection, often leading to significant soft tissue defects. Flap reconstruction is crucial for restoring function and appearance. Recent reconstructive microsurgery advancements, including high-resolution indocyanine green (ICG) imaging and ultra-high frequency ultrasonography (UHFU), have revolutionized preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance.

Compatibility of hypokalaemia caused by low-dose prednisolone plus abiraterone acetate therapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between low-dose prednisolone (PSL) and the incidence of hypokalaemia at abiraterone acetate (abiraterone) plus PSL combination therapy targeting Japanese patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Methods: This retrospective observational study included 153 Japanese patients treated with abiraterone and PSL for mCRPC at Kariya Toyota General Hospital and Gifu General Medical Center between September 2014 and October 2022. The incidence of grade ≥ 2 hypokalaemia as well as serum potassium level variations and the continuous combination therapy duration were compared between the low-dose (5 mg/day of PSL) and the standard-dose (10 mg/day of PSL) groups.

Bipolar Head Perforation With Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Thigh: A Case Report With Literature Review.

Background/aim: High complication rates during the perioperative management of sarcomas around the pelvis have been reported; however, few include the detailed clinical course or complications in the late postoperative period. Radiotherapy is a multidisciplinary strategy for treating sarcomas. However, irradiated bone and soft tissues show a permanent loss of repair and immunocompetence.

Bone metastases with "false negative" findings on 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with angiosarcoma: A case series with literature review.

Rationale: Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) is considered a reliable and indispensable imaging method when evaluating distant metastases and clinical staging of angiosarcomas. Here, we report 2 cases of angiosarcoma with bone metastases with "false negative" findings on 18F-FDG PET/CT.

Patient Concerns: Case 1, a 39-year-old woman, who had undergone mastectomy for primary angiosarcoma 2 years prior, presented with a 5-month history of right coxalgia.

Detecting the relationships among multivariate time series using reduced auto-regressive modeling.

An information theoretic reduction of auto-regressive modeling called the Reduced Auto-Regressive (RAR) modeling is applied to several multivariate time series as a method to detect the relationships among the components in the time series. The results are compared with the results of the transfer entropy, one of the common techniques for detecting causal relationships. These common techniques are pairwise by definition and could be inappropriate in detecting the relationships in highly complicated dynamical systems.

Clinical characteristics of sarcoma cases in which long-term disease control was achieved with trabectedin treatment: A retrospective study.

Trabectedin is a therapeutic option for patients with advanced sarcoma. While a randomized trial demonstrated its prolonged progression-free survival (PFS), the reported PFS was <6 months. Some patients can achieve long-term disease control with this treatment.

The Clinical Features of Multicentric Extra-abdominal Desmoid Tumors.

Background: Extra-abdominal desmoid tumors often occur in the necks, shoulder, chest wall, back, arm, buttock, thigh and leg. Multicentric extra-abdominal desmoids are rather rare and seem to have other clinical features. The aim of our study was to investigate clinical features, especially multicentric occurrence of extra-abdominal desmoid tumors.

Changes in Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio Predict Efficacy of Trabectedin for Soft-tissue Sarcoma.

Background/aim: Trabectedin and eribulin are widely used for the treatment of soft-tissue sarcoma (STS). Previously it was shown that the baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) predicts the efficacy of eribulin for STS. However, prognostic factors for trabectedin on STS have not been identified to date.

Pre-Treatment Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) as a Predictive Marker of Pazopanib Treatment for Soft-Tissue Sarcoma.

Pazopanib with trabectedin and eribulin is widely used to treat soft-tissue sarcoma (STS). We have shown that baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) may predict the efficacy and patient prognosis of eribulin. Changes in NLR, but not baseline NLR, can predict patient prognosis of trabectedin.

Micropetrosis in hemodialysis patients.

Micropetrosis develops as a result of stagnation of calcium, phosphorus and bone fluid, which appears as highly mineralized bone area in the osteocytic perilacunar/canalicular system regardless of bone turnover of the patients. And microcracks are predisposed to increase in these areas, which leads to increased bone fragility. However, micropetrosis of hemodialysis (HD) patients has not been discussed at all.

Surgical Treatment of Intramuscular Myxoma.

Purpose: Intramuscular myxoma (IM) is a rare benign myxoid tumor that may be challenging to differentiate from sarcoma in small amounts of biopsied material. Although IM appears to be well-circumscribed macroscopically, it infiltrates the adjacent edematous muscle microscopically. The recommended treatment is resection, but there is controversy with regard to the appropriate surgical margin.

Pre-treatment Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Efficacy of Eribulin for Soft-tissue Sarcoma.

Background: Eribulin is widely used for the treatment of breast cancer and soft-tissue sarcoma (STS). Previous studies identified the pre-treatment absolute lymphocyte count, baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and C-reactive protein concentration as potential prognostic markers in patients with breast cancer treated with eribulin. However, prognostic factors for eribulin treatment in patients with STS have not been identified.

Differences in the efficacy and safety of eribulin in patients with soft tissue sarcoma by histological subtype and treatment line.

Clinical evidence regarding eribulin treatment for patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is limited to those with L-sarcoma (leiomyosarcoma and liposarcoma) who have completed at least two chemotherapies. Whether histological subtypes and treatment lines affect the efficacy and safety of eribulin for patients with STS has yet to be elucidated. The current study retrospectively reviewed patients with STS receiving eribulin at the Cancer Institute Hospital of JFCR and evaluated the prognostic factors affecting its efficacy and safety by histological diagnoses and treatment lines.

Osteosarcoma arising from acetabulum extended to femoral head through round ligament: a case report.

A skip metastasis was defined as a solitary separate focus of osteosarcoma occurring synchronously with a primary osteosarcoma in the absence of anatomic extension. The progression of skip metastasis is considered less likely because the articular cartilage acts as a barrier, so there have been few reports on progression of the extremity bone tumor across a joint. In our case report, the acetabular osteosarcoma progressed to the femoral head through the ligament of the femoral head.

Definitive surgery of primary lesion should be prioritized over preoperative chemotherapy to treat high-grade osteosarcoma in patients aged 41-65 years.

Background: Recently, the number of osteosarcomas in middle-aged and older patients has demonstrated an increasing trend; moreover, their results are comparatively worse than those of young patients. In Europe and the USA, the prognosis for osteosarcoma in middle-aged and older patients has improved with adjuvant chemotherapy. In Japan, however, the prognosis has remained poor.

Simultaneous bifocal and asymptomatic intramuscular nodular fasciitis of the thigh: A case report.

Nodular fasciitis (NF) is a rapid-growth benign that is misdiagnosed as sarcoma and leads to overtreatment. The spontaneous regression of NF is a possible phenomenon. "Wait and see" ideal is one of the treatment strategies of NF.

Engrailed Homeobox 1 and Cytokeratin 19 Are Independent Diagnostic Markers of Eccrine Porocarcinoma and Distinguish It From Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objectives: The diagnostic utility of En1 in the histopathologic differentiation of eccrine porocarcinoma (EPC) from invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was investigated.

Methods: Expression of En1 and CK19 in 16 cases of EPC was immunohistochemically examined and compared with that in 32 cases of SCC.

Results: In all 16 EPCs, En1 was expressed in 3% to 100% of tumor cells.

The Extracompartmental Tumoral Invasion of Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma Induces Distant Metastasis.

Background: Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) is a rare malignant soft-tissue tumor and often shows extracompartmental tumoral invasion. The aim of our study was to investigate the clinical features, especially extracompartmental tumoral invasion (ETI) of EMC.

Patients And Methods: A total of 35 operative patients diagnosed with EMC were enrolled in this study from January 1980 to March 2018 in the Cancer Institute Hospital of The Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research.

The Role of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Resectable Primary Synovial Sarcoma.

Background: The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for localized synovial sarcoma is still controversial. This study aimed to explore the influence of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with surgery in localized synovial sarcoma through analysis of our hospital's patient records.

Patients And Methods: A total of 122 patients diagnosed with synovial sarcoma were enrolled in this study from January 1980 to December 2016 at the Cancer Institute Hospital of The Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research.