Non‑synonymous polymorphisms in the and genes may be associated with all‑cause death in patients with non‑ischemic heart failure.

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is an unpredictable and common mode of death in patients with heart failure (HF). Alterations in calcium handling may lead to malignant arrhythmias, resulting in SCD, and variants in calcium signaling-related genes have a significant association with SCD. Therefore, the aim of the present retrospective cohort study was to investigate the association of Ser96Ala [histidine-rich calcium-binding protein ()], Ser49Gly [β1-adrenergic receptor ()], Arg389Gly () and Gly1886Ser [ryanodine receptor 2 ()] polymorphisms with serious arrhythmic events and overall mortality in patients with HF with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction of non-ischemic etiology.