Assocıatıon between growth hormone gene polymorphısm and some growth traıts in Akkaraman and Anatolian Merino sheep.

Background: There is a strong relationship between growth traits and genes. Identifying genotypes associated with superior phenotypic traits allows for targeted selection, facilitating the development of herds with desirable features. The growth hormone (GH) gene plays a crucial role in growth, development, and metabolism, making it a key focus for growth trait studies in livestock.

The 13CO2 breath test for liver glycogen oxidation after 3-day labeling of the liver with a naturally 13C-enriched diet.

Objective: When naturally (13)C-enriched carbohydrate is used to label hepatic glycogen, (13)C-liver glycogen oxidation can be monitored subsequently by measuring the (13)C enrichment of breath CO(2) during a sedentary fast. In our previous breath test studies, we used a 1-d labeling protocol to enrich liver glycogen. Others found that after 3 d of labeling the liver glycogen (13)C enrichment is identical to the dietary carbohydrate (13)C enrichment.

Muscle glycogen does not interfere with a 13CO2 breath test to monitor liver glycogen oxidation.

Naturally 13C-enriched carbohydrate has been used to label the liver glycogen pool for metabolic studies. The utilization of this glycogen was then monitored by the appearance of 13CO2 in breath. Using this method, it is assumed that during sedentary fasting the contribution of muscle glycogen towards oxidation is negligible.

Influence of the 13C-enrichment of the habitual diet on a 13CO2 breath test used as an index of liver glycogen oxidation: a validation study in western Europe and Africa.

A diet containing naturally 13C-enriched carbohydrate combined with a 13CO2 breath-test analysis can be used to monitor liver glycogen oxidation in persons used to a diet low in 13C, e.g., the Western European diet.

Azathioprine in inflammatory bowel disease, a safe alternative?

Azathioprine and its metabolite 6-mercaptopurine are effective in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. They are mostly used for reduction of the use of steroids, maintenance therapy after remission induction by cyclosporin and treatment of fistulae in Crohn's disease. Adverse effects occur in about 15% of patients.

Human liver glycogen metabolism assessed with a 13C-enriched diet and a 13CO2 breath test.

Background: Adequate liver glycogen stores to maintain hepatic glucose output by glycogenolysis in the post-absorptive state are essential to prevent protein loss through gluconeogenesis. There are no simple techniques to monitor liver glycogen use.

Methods: In this study, we labelled liver glycogen with naturally 13C-enriched carbohydrate and measured the pattern of 13CO2 excretion and the post-prandial time during which oxidation of 13C-labelled liver glycogen was demonstrable by 13CO2 enrichment in breath.

[Percutaneous drainage of benign nonparasitic liver cysts].

Objective: To evaluate the treatment of symptomatic benign non-parasitic cysts of the liver by percutaneous drainage and sclerotherapy with alcohol.

Design: Descriptive, prospective.

Setting: Ikazia Hospital, Rotterdam.