The influence of affective behavior on impression formation in interactions between black cancer patients and their oncologists.

Objective: Black patients and their physicians tend to form relatively negative impressions of each other, and these may contribute to racial disparities in health outcomes. The current research tested the hypothesis that the interaction between positive and negative affective behavior predicts the most positive impressions in clinic visits between Black patients and their oncologists.

Method: Naïve coders rated patients' and oncologists' positive and negative affective behavior in thin slices from 74 video recorded clinic visits.

Partnering around cancer clinical trials (PACCT): study protocol for a randomized trial of a patient and physician communication intervention to increase minority accrual to prostate cancer clinical trials.

Background: Cancer clinical trials are essential for testing new treatments and represent state-of-the-art cancer treatment, but only a small percentage of patients ever enroll in a trial. Under-enrollment is an even greater problem among minorities, particularly African Americans, representing a racial/ethnic disparity in cancer care. One understudied cause is patient-physician communication, which is often of poor quality during clinical interactions between African-American patients and non-African-American physicians.

Randomized trial of a question prompt list to increase patient active participation during interactions with black patients and their oncologists.

Objective: Communication during racially-discordant interactions is often of poor quality and may contribute to racial treatment disparities. We evaluated an intervention designed to increase patient active participation and other communication-related outcomes during interactions between Black patients and non-Black oncologists.

Methods: Participants were 18 non-Black medical oncologists and 114 Black patients at two cancer hospitals in Detroit, Michigan, USA.

An Analysis of Race-related Attitudes and Beliefs in Black Cancer Patients: Implications for Health Care Disparities.

This research concerned relationships among Black cancer patients' health care attitudes and behaviors (e.g., adherence, decisional control preferences,) and their race-related attitudes and beliefs shaped by (a) general life experiences (i.

The Effects of Oncologist Implicit Racial Bias in Racially Discordant Oncology Interactions.

Purpose: Health providers' implicit racial bias negatively affects communication and patient reactions to many medical interactions. However, its effects on racially discordant oncology interactions are largely unknown. Thus, we examined whether oncologist implicit racial bias has similar effects in oncology interactions.

Comparing thin slices of verbal communication behavior of varying number and duration.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of thin slices to characterize the verbal communication behavior of counselors and patients engaged in Motivational Interviewing sessions relative to fully coded sessions.

Methods: Four thin slice samples that varied in number (four versus six slices) and duration (one- versus two-minutes) were extracted from a previously coded dataset. In the parent study, an observational code scheme was used to characterize specific counselor and patient verbal communication behaviors.

Provider communication behaviors that predict motivation to change in black adolescents with obesity.

Objective: The goal of this research was to identify communication behaviors used by weight loss counselors that mostly strongly predicted black adolescents' motivational statements. Three types of motivational statements were of interest: change talk (CT; statements describing their own desires, abilities, reasons, and need for adhering to weight loss recommendations), commitment language (CML; statements about their intentions or plans for adhering), and counterchange talk (CCT; amotivational statements against change and commitment).

Methods: Thirty-seven black adolescents with obesity received a single motivational interviewing session targeting weight-related behaviors.

Variation in question asking during cancer clinical interactions: a potential source of disparities in access to information.

Objective: to investigate whether patient demographic characteristics and patients' companions influence variation in patient question asking during cancer clinical interactions, thus representing a potential disparity in access to information.

Methods: data included 109 oncologist-patient-companion interactions video recorded at a comprehensive cancer center. Interactions were observed and analyzed using the Karmanos Information Seeking Analysis System (K-ISAS).

Influence of clinical communication on patients' decision making on participation in clinical trials.

Purpose: To investigate how communication among physicians, patients, and family/companions influences patients' decision making about participation in clinical trials.

Patients And Methods: We video recorded 235 outpatient interactions occurring among oncologists, patients, and family/companions (if present) at two comprehensive cancer centers. We combined interaction analysis of the real-time video-recorded observations (collected at Time 1) with patient self-reports (Time 2) to determine how communication about trial offers influenced accrual decisions.

Oncologists' recommendations of clinical trial participation to patients.

Objective: To describe the frequency, context and type of oncologists' recommendations to patients that they participate in a clinical trial and to analyze the relationship between recommendations and patients' decisions to participate.

Methods: Data included 38 video recorded outpatient interactions during which 15 oncologists invited 38 patients to participate in clinical trials. We described the frequency, context, and type of oncologists' recommendations and analyzed the relationship between these factors and patient decisions to participate and socio-demographic characteristics.