Spatially ordered recruitment of fast muscles in accordance with movement strengths in larval zebrafish.

In vertebrates, skeletal muscle comprises fast and slow fibers. Slow and fast muscle cells in fish are spatially segregated; slow muscle cells are located only in a superficial region, and comprise a small fraction of the total muscle cell mass. Slow muscles support low-speed, low-force movements, while fast muscles are responsible for high-speed, high-force movements.

Brazilian red propolis reduces the adhesion of oral biofilm cells and the Toxoplasma gondii intracellular proliferation.

Infectious diseases remain as a significant cause of thousands of deaths annually worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial and antiparasitic activity of the crude hydroalcoholic extract and compounds isolated from Brazilian Red Propolis (BRP) against oral pathogens and Toxoplasma gondii, using in vitro, in vivo and in silico approaches. Antimicrobial and synergistic activities were determined using the broth dilution method and the checkerboard assay, respectively.

Antitumor Potential of Guttiferone E Combined With Carboplatin Against Osimertinib-resistant H1975 Lung Cancer Through Apoptosis.

Background/aim: Low selectivity and high frequency of side-effects are the major problems of currently used chemotherapeutics. Among natural compounds, the polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol, guttiferone E, isolated from Brazilian red propolis, has attracted attention due to its marked anticancer properties and was evaluated here for its role against osimertinib-resistant H1975 cells (with double mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor: EGFR L858R/T790M).

Materials And Methods: Guttiferone E was obtained from red propolis using established extraction procedures.

The Antibacterial Potential of Brazilian Red Propolis against the Formation and Eradication of Biofilm of .

is associated with gastrointestinal diseases, and its treatment is challenging due to antibiotic-resistant strains, necessitating alternative therapies. Brazilian red propolis (BRP), known for its diverse bioactive compounds with pharmaceutical properties, was investigated for its anti- activity, focusing on biofilm formation inhibition and eradication. BRP was tested against (ATCC 43526) using several assays: time-kill, nucleotide leakage, biofilm formation inhibition (determining the minimum inhibitory concentration of biofilm of 50%-MICB, and cell viability), and biofilm eradication (determining the minimum eradication concentration of biofilm of 99.

Genetic alteration of SLCO1B3 defines constitutional indocyanine green excretory defect in patients who underwent hepatectomy.

Aim: Constitutional indocyanine green (ICG) excretory defects must be distinguished when assessing liver function. The absence of OATP1B3 expression due to homogenous alterations in the SLCO1B3 gene has been recently reported to induce ICG excretory defects; however, its association with the clinical examinations and the clinical implications of heterogeneous SLCO1B3 gene alteration remain unclear.

Methods: OATP1B3 expression was evaluated in 49 patients who underwent hepatectomy after evaluation of the ICG retention rate at 15 min (ICGR15) and technetium-99 m-galactosyl serum albumin (99mTc-GSA) hepatic scintigraphy.

Moderating effect of age on the relationship between physical health loss and emotional distress post-acute care in Japanese older hospitalized patients.

Background: At present, there are no consistent findings regarding the association between physical health loss and mental health in older adults. Some studies have shown that physical health loss is a risk factor for worsening of mental health. Other studies revealed that declining physical health does not worsen mental health.

Prediction of early falls using adherence and balance assessments in a convalescent rehabilitation ward.

Objectives: To predict falls by adding an adherence assessment to a static balance ability assessment, and to evaluate fall prediction accuracy.

Methods: This study included 416 patients who were admitted to a 45-bed convalescent rehabilitation ward over a 2-year period. The patients were assessed at the time of admission using the Standing Test for Imbalance and Disequilibrium (SIDE) and three additional, newly developed adherence items.

Discrepancies Between Morphological and Immunohistochemical Classifications Are Associated With Prognoses and Subtypes of Lung Cancer.

Background/aim: Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining has been routinely used to distinguish adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lungs; however, it is challenging to obtain an accurate diagnosis, especially for cases with discrepancies between IHC and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining results. This study aimed to clarify the clinicopathological characteristics of these discrepant cases.

Patients And Methods: Tissue microarray specimens from 321 patients with ADC and SCC were used for H&E and IHC staining of thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1), Napsin A, cytokeratin 5/6 (CK5/6), p40, and p63.

A SAXS and USAXS study of the influence of pH on the casein micelle structure.

Changes in milk pH significantly influence the behavior and physical properties of casein micelles; however, the effects of these changes on casein micelle structures are still unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of changes in pH range from 5.9 to 7.

Venetoclax-Azacitidine Bridging PTCy-haplo-PBSCT for Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutations.

Venetoclax and azacitidine combination therapy (VEN+AZA) is a promising novel therapy for elderly or unfit patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Recently, VEN+AZA with subsequent allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been reported, and human leukocyte antigen-haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation using posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy-haplo-PBSCT) from related donors appears to be a suitable option. Here, we report two elderly patients with refractory AML harboring an mutation, who were successfully treated with VEN+AZA bridged to PTCy-haplo-PBSCT.

Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy for real-time evaluation of colorectal liver metastasis in resected surgical specimens.

Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) enables real-time examination of tissue structure. This study investigated pCLE with or without fluorescein sodium for the intraoperative diagnosis of colorectal liver metastasis (CLM) and detection of surgical margins. Thirty-four specimens of CLM and adjacent noncancerous tissue were obtained from 21 patients and examined by pCLE between May 2017 and March 2018.

ALKBH4 is a novel enzyme that promotes translation through modified uridine regulation.

Epitranscriptomics studies the mechanisms of acquired RNA modifications. The epitranscriptome is dynamically regulated by specific enzymatic reactions, and the proper execution of these enzymatic RNA modifications regulates a variety of physiological RNA functions. However, the lack of experimental tools, such as antibodies for RNA modification, limits the development of epitranscriptomic research.

Relationships among Grip Strength Measurement, Response Time, and Frailty Criteria.

Background: Muscle response in older adults is believed to decrease with maximal muscle strength, although it has not been adequately assessed; further, the relationship between frailty and muscle response remains unexamined.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a practical method for measuring muscle response using grip strength in older adults and to clarify the relationship between frailty and grip strength response.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We performed a cross-sectional, clinical, observational study.

Clinical frailty scale is useful in predicting return-to-home in patients admitted due to coronavirus disease.

Background: The spread of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection has been prolonged, with the highly contagious Omicron variant becoming the predominant variant by 2022. Many patients admitted to dedicated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) wards (COVID-19 treatment units) develop disuse syndrome while being treated in the hospital, and their ability to perform activities of daily living declines, making it difficult for hospitals to discharge them. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the degree of frailty and home discharge of patients admitted to a COVID-19 treatment units.

The structural changes of a bovine casein micelle during temperature change; observation over a wide spatial scale from nano to micrometer.

Bovine milk is the complex colloidal system containing nano to micrometer scale components. Earlier, our research group reported the structural changes in bovine casein micelles in the temperature range of 10-40 °C by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) [H. Takagi, T.

Mesoscopic Characterization of the Early Stage of the Glucono--Lactone-Induced Gelation of Milk via Image Analysis Techniques.

We provide a method for quantifying the kinetics of gelation in milk acidified with glucono-δ-lactone (GDL) using image analysis techniques, particle image velocimetry (PIV), differential variance analysis (DVA) and differential dynamic microscopy (DDM). The gelation of the milk acidified with GDL occurs through the aggregation and subsequent coagulation of the casein micelles as the pH approaches the isoelectric point of the caseins. The gelation of the acidified milk with GDL is an important step in the production of fermented dairy products.

Brazilian Brown Propolis: an Overview About Its Chemical Composition, Botanical Sources, Quality Control, and Pharmacological Properties.

Unlabelled: Brazil is one of the largest propolis producers in the world. Propolis is produced by bees from plant exudates and tissues, leading to many variations in the types of propolis. Generally, Brazilian propolis types are green, brown, and red.

Biomechanics and neural circuits for vestibular-induced fine postural control in larval zebrafish.

Land-walking vertebrates maintain a desirable posture by finely controlling muscles. It is unclear whether fish also finely control posture in the water. Here, we showed that larval zebrafish have fine posture control.

Effect of a Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor in Combination with (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate or Polyphenon E on Cisplatin-Induced Lung Tumorigenesis in A/J Mice.

We investigated the effects of celecoxib combined with (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) or polyphenon E in a cisplatin-induced lung tumorigenesis model. Four-week-old female A/J mice were divided into seven groups: (i) Control, (ii) 150 mg/kg celecoxib (150Cel), (iii) 1,500 mg/kg celecoxib (1500Cel), (iv) EGCG+150 mg/kg celecoxib (EGCG+150Cel), (v) EGCG+1,500 mg/kg celecoxib (EGCG+1500Cel), (vi) polyphenon E+150 mg/kg celecoxib (PolyE+150Cel), and (vii) polyphenon E+1,500 mg/kg celecoxib (PolyE+1500Cel). All mice were administered cisplatin (1.

Guttiferones: An insight into occurrence, biosynthesis, and their broad spectrum of pharmacological activities.

Guttiferones belong to the polyisoprenylated benzophenone, a class of compounds, a very restricted group of natural plant products, especially in the Clusiaceae family. They are commonly found in bark, stem, leaves, and fruits of plants of the genus Garcinia and Symphonia. Guttiferones have the following classifications according to their chemical structure: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, and T.

Tiltable objective microscope visualizes selectivity for head motion direction and dynamics in zebrafish vestibular system.

Spatio-temporal information about head orientation and movement is fundamental to the sense of balance and motion. Hair cells (HCs) in otolith organs of the vestibular system transduce linear acceleration, including head tilt and vibration. Here, we build a tiltable objective microscope in which an objective lens and specimen tilt together.