Massive right atrial myxoma presenting as syncope and exertional dyspnea: case report.

Primary heart neoplasms are rare occurring with an estimated incidence of 0.0017-0.19%.

Mitral valve regurgitation--quantification by Doppler echo (quantitative versus semi-quantitative methods).

Quantification of mitral regurgitation is still a controversial issue. Because quantitative analysis using the volumetric method is time-consuming, semi-quantitative analysis based on the characteristics of the regurgitant jet in the left atrium is the method used in daily clinical practice, despite its recognized limitations. In the last ten years various papers have proposed the PISA method as an alternative to the volumetric one, as the same quantitative parameters--regurgitant volume (RV) and effective regurgitant orifice (ERO)--can be obtained with a small number of measurements.