Antibiotic resistance, heteroresistance, and eradication success of Helicobacter pylori infection in children.

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a well-known factor of Helicobacter pylori eradication failure. Heteroresistance indicates the coexistence of resistant and susceptible strains and might lead to underestimating antimicrobial resistance. This study aims to evaluate the susceptibility profile, the frequency of heteroresistance of H.

Efficacy and safety of bismuth-based quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication in children.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a 10-day quadruple therapy containing colloidal bismuth sub-citrate (CBS), esomeprazole (ESO), amoxicillin (AMO), and metronidazole (MET) for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication in children.

Methods: Monocentric, open-label, prospective, single-arm clinical trial in children aged 6-17 years with H.

Management of esophageal motility disorders in children : a review.

Diagnostic criteria for esophageal motor disorders have recently been updated with the advent of high-resolution manometry that gives a precise mapping of peristaltic abnormalities and an indirect view of bolus transit problems. Achalasia, the best-defined motor disorder, is now divided in subsets of manometric phenotypes that predict outcome of treatment and guide our therapeutic approach. Pharmacological therapy using smooth muscle relaxants for spastic esophageal disorders remains poorly effective and used only as a bridge to more effective therapies : endoscopic balloon dilation and surgical myotomy are both effective therapies in achalasia, myotomy being considered as the preferred approach in children because it is aimed to be definitive, while dilations usually have to be repeated.

Interest of Anorectal Manometry During Long-term Follow-up of Patients Operated on for Hirschsprung's Disease.

Background/aims: Although many advances in the management of Hirschsprung's disease have recently been achieved, postoperative outcomes of these patients remain difficult in a non-negligible number of cases. Therefore, this study aims at investigating characteristics of anorectal manometry and its relationship with postoperative outcomes during long-term follow-up in Hirschsprung patients.

Methods: Patients over 4 years of age operated on for Hirschsprung's disease were interviewed to complete detailed questionnaires on bowel function.

Long-Term Outcomes and Quality of Life in Patients after Soave Pull-Through Operation for Hirschsprung's Disease: An Observational Retrospective Study.

Introduction:  Patients after pull-through operation for Hirschsprung's disease (HD) are at high risk of defecation disorders. This study aimed at investigating their long-term outcomes and quality of life (QoL) in comparison with controls.

Patients And Methods:  Patients older than 5 years operated on for HD were interviewed to complete detailed questionnaires on bowel function.

Eradication rate of Helicobacter Pylori infection is directly influenced by adherence to therapy in children.

Background: Current commonly accepted strategies to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in children are a 10-day sequential treatment or a triple therapy for 7-14 days. To avoid further expensive and possibly risky investigations as well as induction of secondary antimicrobial resistance, a success rate of elimination strategies over 90% in a per-protocol analysis is the target goal but rates observed in clinical trials are lower. Antimicrobial resistance is a well-recognized risk factor for treatment failure; therefore, only a treatment tailored to susceptibility testing should be recommended.

Education and Hypnosis for Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (FGIDs) in Pediatrics.

FGIDs in children and adolescents (ROME III classification) have a significant impact on the daily functioning and quality of life. Often it is the pain that is one of the main contributors to the burden of functional dyspepsia, functional abdominal pain (syndrome), and irritable bowel syndrome. Current knowledge confirms that a number of integrated networks at cortical and subcortical sites are responsible for the experience of pain.

Probiotics and prebiotics in prevention and treatment of diseases in infants and children.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of probiotics and prebiotics on the health of children.

Sources: MEDLINE and LILACS were searched for relevant English and French-language articles.

Summary Of The Findings: Human milk is rich in prebiotic oligosaccharides and may contain some probiotics.

Intestinal microbiota and health in childhood.

Western medicine has only recently discovered that the intestinal microbiota is a major determinant of the well-being of the host. Although it would be oversimplifying to limit the benefits of breastfeeding compared to cow milk based infant formula to differences in gastrointestinal flora, the impact of the latter has been demonstrated beyond doubt. As a consequence, gastro intestinal flora manipulation with pre- and probiotics added to infant formula or food (mainly milk based products) and/or with food supplements have become a priority area of high quality research.