Effects of electronic billboards on driver distraction.

Objective: There is an increase in electronic advertising billboards along major roads, which may cause driver distraction due to the highly conspicuous design of the electronic billboards. Yet limited research on the impact of electronic billboards on driving performance and driver behavior is available. The Swedish Transport Administration recently approved the installation of 12 electronic billboards for a trial period along a 3-lane motorway with heavy traffic running through central Stockholm, Sweden.

Measuring driver impairments: sleepiness, distraction, and workload.

Snow was falling heavily when Sarah was driving on a slippery road to her cousin's country cottage. It was dark outside, and the visibility was poor. She had planned to arrive before sunset, but the rental service had made a mistake, and it took hours before she got her rental car at the airport.

Fixation identification in centroid versus start-point modes using eye-tracking data.

Fixation-identification algorithms, needed for analyses of eye movements, may typically be separated into three categories, viz. (i) velocity-based algorithms, (ii) area-based algorithms, and (iii) dispersion-based algorithms. Dispersion-based algorithms are commonly used but this application introduces some difficulties, one being optimization.

Spatial object representation and its use in planning eye movements.

The eye movements we make to look at objects require that the spatial information contained in the object's image on the retina be used to generate a motor command. This process is known as sensorimotor transformation and has been generally addressed using simple point targets. Here, we investigate the sensorimotor transformation involved in planning double saccade sequences directed at one or two objects.

[Users of ultrasound machines are often subjected to musculoskeletal could be preventive measures. Better work organization and equipment could be preventive measures].

Stress, musculoskeletal symptoms, and eye strain are common among users of ultrasound machines. The purpose of the study was to identify work situations that induce a psychosocial or physical load in work with ultrasound. 12 sonographers participated.