Development and application of the practical training instrument of warming needle moxibustion with quantifiable evaluation.

Based on summarizing the essential procedures and elements of traditional manipulation techniques of warming needle moxibustion and determining the quantitative parameters and indicators for evaluating the operation of this acupuncture technique, a training instrument of warming needle moxibustion was developed and adopted in the curriculum teaching of practice. It showed that this instrument could quantify the speed of fixing mugwort ball on the needle handle, the number of the prepared mugwort ball, the duration for anti-vibration, the frequency of anti-vibration and the burning time of mugwort ball. The instrument could objectively evaluate the skills of warming needle moxibustion and the effects of fixing mugwort ball.

[Development and application of visual analysis teaching software for acupoint compatibility laws].

A user-friendly teaching software for visual analysis of acupoint compatibility laws has been developed based on the principles of partial order mathematics. This software is designed to provide auxiliary teaching of structured organization and visualization of law knowledge of compatibility data of acupuncture and moxibustion prescriptions from ancient texts, textbooks, and clinical case records. The software is installed as a plugin in the Microsoft Office Excel, allowing the generation of visually appealing graphs and associated rules that align with the cognitive patterns of teachers and students majoring in acupuncture and moxibustion.

[Development of handshape -cupping instrument based on pulsating airflow technology].

A new type of handshape -cupping instrument is developed to overcome the shortcomings of traditional cupping therapy, such as indentation and pain, and simulates the manipulation, so as to realize the combination of cupping therapy and manipulation. The handshape -cupping instrument has a trumpet-shaped, silica gel edge. At the same time, the finger-belly shape is added at the cupping edge to simulate the shape of fingers during .

[Development of teaching training and assessment system for warming acupuncture].

A teaching training and assessment system for warming acupuncture is developed. This system is suitable for the technique operation of multi-acupoint warming acupuncture, and could evaluate the training effects of warming acupuncture at each acupoint. The hardware structure of this system is mainly composed of man-machine interface, control unit and training unit.

[Design and implementation of a method for temperature parameter collection inside acupoint].

Objective: To realize real-time measurement and recording of temperature parameters inside acupoints during acupuncture treatment.

Methods: The fine wire thermocouple was embedded in hollow needle body as acupoint detection probe. According to the structure of acupoint temperature signal processing circuit, the Agilent 34420A nanovolt/micro-eurometer was used to design the technology method of acupoint temperature data acquisition, and an acupoint temperature collection platform was established.

Motion video-based quantitative analysis of the 'lifting-thrusting' method: a comparison between teachers and students of acupuncture.

Objective: To compare objective measures of needle manipulation between students and teachers of acupuncture using motion video analysis technology, to help support instructional acupuncture education.

Methods: A total of 30 teachers and 60 students participated in this study. Acupuncture needles were inserted at LI11 and motion videos were recorded for three subtypes of 'lifting-thrusting' manipulation: (1) 'mild reinforcing-attenuating'; (2) 'reinforcing'; and (3) 'attenuating'.

[Electroacupuncture therapy and corrosion of acupuncture needle].

During the process of electroacupuncture (EA) therapy, whether there being a corrosive effect in ac- upuncture needles was observed. Acupuncture needles were inserted into a rabbit's acupoint to perform a 12-hour electrical stimulation with three types of common EA waveform; additionally two needles were put in 0.9% sodium chloride solution with 12-hour direct current.

[Effects of different acupuncture and moxibustion methods on ultrastructure of gastrocnemius in rats].

Objective: To explore the efficacy differences in early intervention of different acupuncture and moxibustion methods on gastrocnemius fatigue in rats induced by electrical stimulation.

Methods: Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into a control group, a model group, a hand acupuncture group, an electroacupuncture group and a moxibustion group, 10 rats in each group. Electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve was given in the control group and gastrocnemius fatigue test was induced by electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve in the model group after anesthesia without other treatment, but just take 6 times interval stimulation in the control group.

Electroacupuncture treatment for pancreatic cancer pain: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Pancreatic cancer is often accompanied by severe abdominal or back pain. It's the first study to evaluate the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture on pancreatic cancer pain. A randomized controlled trial compared electroacupuncture with control acupuncture using the placebo needle.

[Single-acupoint electroacupuncture based on traditional acupuncture becomes true].

[ In current clinical acupuncture practice, many exiting problems including changes in the treated region, simultaneous covering two meridians of the two stimulating electrodes (acupuncture needles), inability to realize the reinforcing-reducing functions of the traditional acupuncture, etc. during application of electroacupuncture (EA) could be found, which may affect the therapeutic results or lead to failure in playing EA's functions. For this reason, the authors of the present paper put forward a concept of "single acupoint EA".

[Thinking and status of research on acupoint temperature sensor needle].

ABSTRACT Based on acupoint temperature sensor needle related literatures, the development and the applications of temperature sensor needle and the measuring instrument which is used for measuring the temperature of acupoints are introduced in the present paper. This paper summarizes the basic structure and measuring principle of temperature sensor needle; it also summarizes the hardware and measuring procedures of the measuring instrument. According to the characteristics of the temperature sensor needle, this paper states its broad applications and development trend.

[Effects of 650 nm laser and moxibustion pretreatment on enteric nervous system and medullary visceral zone in rats with visceral traction pain].

Objective: To explore effects of 650 nm laser and moxibustion pretreatment on visceral traction pain (VTP) and its mechanism.

Methods: Forty male SD rats were randomly devided into a sham operation group (group A), a VTP group (group B), a 650 nm laser pretreatment group (group C), a moxibustion pretreatment group (group D). Rats in group A and group B were not treated except sham operation or VTP model.

[Effect of acupuncture on regulating skeletal muscle endurance in rats].

Objective: To study the effect of acupuncture on skeletal muscle endurance in rats as a pre-games assistant training.

Methods: Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control, model and acupuncture group. Acupuncture group was treated at "Dazhui" (GV 14), "Housanli" (ST 36) by twisting mild reinforcing-reducing method for 20 min, no interventions were added on control and model group.

[Classification and characters of physical parameters of lifting-thrusting and twirling manipulations of acupuncture].

By using "Acupuncture Manipulation Information Analyzing System", the traditional reinforcing and reducing manipulations of acupuncture described in classical Chinese medical books were imitated and their parameters analyzed. It was found that in the oscillogram, the differences between the reinforcing and reducing manipulations (rapid-slow reinforcing-reducing skill, lifting-thrusting reinforcing-reducing skill) are the bigger duration of descending branch (t1) and smaller duration of ascending branch (t2) for the former, and shorter t1 and longer t2 for the later, due to slow insertion and rapid withdrawal of the acupuncture needle for the reinforcing, and rapid insertion and slow withdrawal of needle for the reducing. While for twirling reinforcing, t1 < t2 for predominantly-leftward twirling, and for twirling reducing, t1 > t2 for predominantly-rightward twirling were found.

[Application of "Acupuncture Manipulation Information Analyzing System" in acupuncture manipulation education].

Objective: To assess the application of analyzing systems and techniques in acupuncture manipulation education that may improve students' acupuncture manipulation skills.

Methods: The teacher's acupuncture manipulation (TAM) was recorded in wave, data and video information by the Analyzing System. Students practised, adjusted and corrected their manipulation skills according to the TAM.

[Exploitation and application of "acupuncture manipulation information analysis system"].

On the basis of "ATP-I Type Acupuncture Manipulation Parameter Analyzer", we have developed a new acupuncture parameter analysis software named "Acupuncture Manipulation Information Analysis System" by applying new arithmetic, enriching practicable parameters of acupuncture manipulation, and improving the methods for comparing and evaluating acupuncture manipulation. The present analysis system can satisfy the need of acupuncture manipulation teaching standardization.

[Acupoint electrogymnastics therapy for treatment of apoplectic hemiplegia: a multicenter randomized control study].

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of acupoint electrogymnastics therapy on apoplectic hemiplegia, so as to further popularize this therapy in treatment of apoplectic hemiplegia.

Methods: Using three-central, randomized, controlled, multi-blind methods, 153 cases were divided into an electrogymnastics group (n = 77) and an electroacupuncture group (n = 76). They were treated with acupoint electrogymnastics (AE) and traditional electroacupuncture (TEA), respectively.

[Impact of different emulated acupuncture-needle manipulations on blood pressure and myocardial angiotensin II content in spontaneous hypertension rats].

Objective: To observe the effect of different emulated acupuncture-needle manipulations on blood pressure and myocardial angiotensin (Ang) II content in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), so as to seek a better acupuncture parameter for clinical treatment of hypertension.

Methods: Thirty-three SHR were randomly divided into mild-stimulation group (n=8), moderate-stimulation group (n=8), heavy-stimulation group (n=8) and model group (n=9). Additionally, other 8 normal rats were made up of control group.

[Preliminary research on the standardization of acupuncture manipulation].

Objective: To understand the standardization of acupuncture manipulation methods at present.

Methods: Apply "the acupuncture manipulation information analysis system" to analyze the collective acupuncture manipulation methods of teachers and acupuncture and moxibustion physicians, and to find basic rules of acupuncture manipulation methods.

Results And Conclusion: In the 6 basic acupuncture reinforcing and reducing manipulations researched in this study, almost all of the 7 parameters analyzed showed significant differences (P<0.

[Effects of manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture on Ca2+ content and Ca2+ -ATPase Activity in sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle cells in rats during acute swimming exercise].

Objective: To observe the effects of manual acupuncture (MA) and electroacupuncture (EA) on Ca2+ content and Ca2+ -ATPase activity in sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle cells in rats of acute swimming exercise (ASE) so as to reveal its underlying mechanism in strengthening motor abilities.

Methods: Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into control, model, MA and EA groups, with 15 cases in each. Rats in MA group and EA group were treated respectively with MA (120-140 twirlings/min, 30-60 s/time every 3-5 min) and EA (500-800 Hz, 0.

[The present situation and analysis of acupuncture anesthesia].

Acupuncture anesthesia (AA) appeared in 1950s. It originates with Chinese TCM researchers and is one of important achievements of modern medicine. AA was developed vigorously and applied widely between 1960s-1970s.

[Design of acupoint electric characteristic sensing needle].

The electric characteristics of acupoints have been confirmed by researchers at home and abroad. Because the traditional detection methods are various (mainly are different positions of the reference electrode), and they are influenced by many affective factors, with unstable results and bad repeatability, so the studies of the electric characteristics of acupoints are limited. The acupoint electric characteristic sensing needle is introduced in detail from its design, detection methods and so on, which can detects changes of the acupoint electric characteristics of channels and acupoints in different healthy states real-timely, dynamically and continuously.

[Problems in traditional acupoint electric characteristic detection and conception of new acupoint detection method].

Through literature review of acupoint electric characteristic (AEC) detection, some problems in the traditional method of AEC detection were found. The major reasons were lack of distinguishing the relationship between the acupoint and "skin on the acupoint" in the electric characteristics, which can not solve those objective and subjective interferential factors in acupoint detection. Therefore, the traditional acupoint detection method is not stable, and its repeatability is no good.

[Electrical acupoint stimulation increases athletes' rapid strength].

Objective: To search for a stimulation method for increasing athletes' performance.

Methods: One hundred and fifty athletes were randomly divided into a trial group and a control group, 75 athletes in each group. Acupoints were stimulated with audio frequency pulse modulated wave and multi-blind method were used to investigate effects of the electric stimulation of acupoints on 30-meter running, standing long jumping and Cybex isokinetic testing index.

[Research on real-time data collection and demonstration system for acupuncture manipulation].

Objective: To apply the real-time data collection and demonstration system for acupuncture manipulation to quantitative analysis of acupuncture manipulation for acupuncture teaching and research.

Methods: The real-time observation and analysis of parameter changes of acupuncture manipulation were implemented by this system.

Results: During the course of lifting and thrusting manipulation, the needle body moved in a uniform variable motion, and the action force was still kept while the arrival of Qi was achieved.