A composite fixed-time sliding mode control scheme for Unmanned Ground Vehicles affected by external disturbances.

Accurate path-following control is crucial for Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV). However, influenced by external disturbances, UGV systems encounter challenges in meeting specific performance requirements, such as no overshoot and minimized chattering. In current sliding mode control (SMC) methods with disturbance observer (DOB), there still exists a serious chattering problem.

Expression pattern of Stlhcb gene family in potato and effects of overexpression of Stcp24 gene on potato photosynthesis.

Potato is one of the four staple food crops in the world. It has a wide range of cultivation, high yield, and high nutritional value. Enhancing the photosynthesis of potato is particularly important as it leads to an increase in the potato yield.

Microbial communities and denitrification mechanisms of pyrite autotrophic denitrification coupled with three-dimensional biofilm electrode reactor.

Denitrification is of great significance for low C/N wastewater treatment. In this study, pyrite autotrophic denitrification (PAD) was coupled with a three-dimensional biofilm electrode reactor (BER) to enhance denitrification. The effect of current on denitrification was extensively studied.

Vertical spatial denitrification performance and microbial community composition in denitrification biofilters coupled with water electrolysis.

In this study, a denitrification biofilter coupled with water electrolysis (DNBF-WE) was developed as a novel heterotrophic-hydrogen autotrophic denitrification system, which could enhance denitrification with limited organic carbon in the secondary effluent. The volumetric denitrification rate of DNBF-WE reached 152.16 g N m d (C/N = 2, = 60 mA, and HRT = 5 h).

Molecular Mechanisms of Medicinal Plant -derived Compound Securinine against Spinal Muscular Atrophy based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification.

Background: Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a severe motor neuronal disorder with high morbidity and mortality. Securinine has shown the potential to treat SMA; however, its anti-SMA role remains unclear.

Objective: This study aims to reveal the anti-SMA mechanisms of securinine.

Topological analysis of functional connectivity in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder, which mainly affects patients' motor and non-motor function. Functional connectivity was preliminary explored and studied through resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI). Through the topological analysis of 54 PD scans and 31 age-matched normal controls (NC) in the Neurocon dataset, leveraging on rsfMRI data, the brain functional connection and the Vietoris-Rips (VR) complex were constructed.

Microbial Fuel Cell-Based Organic Matter Sensors: Principles, Structures and Applications.

Wastewater contains a significant quantity of organic matter, continuously causing environmental pollution. Timely and accurate detection of organic content in water can facilitate improved wastewater treatment and better protect the environment. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are increasingly recognized as valuable biological monitoring systems, due to their ability to swiftly detect organic indicators such as biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in water quality.

The enrichment of more functional microbes induced by the increasing hydraulic retention time accounts for the increment of autotrophic denitrification performance.

With pyrite (FeS) and polycaprolactone (PCL) as electron donors, three denitrification systems, namely FeS-based autotrophic denitrification (PAD) system, PCL-supported heterotrophic denitrification (PHD) system and split-mixotrophic denitrification (PPMD) system, were constructed and operated under varying hydraulic retention times (HRT, 1-48 h). Compared with PAD or PHD, the PPMD system could achieve higher removals of NO-N and PO-P, and the effluent SO concentration was greatly reduced to 7.28 mg/L.

The relationship of maternal polymorphisms of genes related to meiosis and DNA damage repair with fetal chromosomal stability.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between maternal polymorphisms of rs2016163, rs4693089, 1 rs2277339, 1 rs10183486, ERCC6 rs2228526, 1 rs1635501, 1 rs5757133, and 5 rs2075789 and fetal chromosomal abnormality.

Methods: This retrospective case-control study included 571 women with fetal chromosome abnormalities (330 pregnant women diagnosed with fetal aneuploidy, 241 with fetal structural chromosome pregnancy) and 811 healthy pregnant women between January 2018 and April 2022. All the above polymorphisms were tested using SNaPshot.

Study of a three-dimensional biofilm-electrode reactor (3D-BER) that combined heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification (HAD) to remove nitrate from water.

A three-dimensional biofilm-electrode reactor (3D-BER) that combined heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification (HAD) was developed to remove nitrate. The denitrification performance of the 3D-BER was evaluated under different experimental conditions, including current intensities (0-80 mA), COD/N ratios (0.5-5), and hydraulic retention times (2-12 h).

Maternal genetic polymorphisms in the major mitotic checkpoint genes and associated with the risk of survival in abnormal chromosomal fetuses.

The genetic etiology of fetal chromosome abnormalities remains unknown, which brings about an enormous burden for patients, families, and society. The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) controls the normal procedure of chromosome disjunction and may take part in the process. The aim of this study was to explore the association between polymorphisms of rs1801368 and rs1283639804, involved in SAC and fetal chromosome abnormalities.

Three-Dimensional Carbon Monolith Coated by Nano-TiO for Anode Enhancement in Microbial Fuel Cells.

A three-dimensional (3D) anode is essential for high-performance microbial fuel cells (MFCs). In this study, 3D porous carbon monoliths from a wax gourd (WGCM) were obtained by freeze-drying and carbonization. Nano-TiO was further coated onto the surface of WGCM to obtain a nano-TiO/WGCM anode.

Nano-α-Fe O for enhanced denitrification in a heterotrophic/biofilm-electrode autotrophic denitrification reactor.

In this study, a heterotrophic/biofilm-electrode autotrophic denitrification reactor (HAD-BER) was constructed and nano-ɑ-Fe O was coated on granular activated carbon (GAC) as a third electrode to enhance the nitrate removal performance. The introduction of nano-ɑ-Fe O could stimulate microorganisms to secrete more extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), accelerating the electron transfer. Moreover, more denitrification bacteria were enriched on the particle electrodes, especially Pseudomonas and Thermomonas, which played a significant role in denitrification.

A Mendelian Randomization Study of the Effect of Tea Intake on Type 2 Diabetes.

The association reported between tea intake and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is inconsistent in previous studies and remains controversial. We aimed to explore the causal relationship between tea intake, T2D, and glycemic traits including hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting serum insulin (FSI), and homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels. A 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed using summary statistics from large-scale genome-wide association studies of tea intake from the UK Biobank, T2D from the DIAGRAM consortium, and glycemic traits from the Magic consortium.

Investigation on combined copy number variation sequencing and cytogenetic karyotyping for prenatal diagnosis.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the clinical value of copy number variation-sequencing (CNV-Seq) in combination with cytogenetic karyotyping in prenatal diagnosis.

Methods: CNV-Seq and cytogenetic karyotyping were performed in parallel for 9452 prenatal samples for comparison of the diagnostic performance of the two methods, and to evaluate the screening performance of maternal age, maternal serum screening, fetal ultrasound scanning and noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for fetal pathogenic copy number variation (CNV).

Results: Among the 9452 prenatal samples, traditional karyotyping detected 704 cases (7.

miR145 Regulates the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Rat Vascular Endothelial Cells under Hyperglycemia by Targeting the Gene and Involving the NFκB Signaling Pathway.

Purpose: A majority of diabetes mellitus patients with disturbances of glucose metabolism present with vascular complications. This study aimed to explore regulatory mechanisms of miR145 and its potential target gene on diabetic vasculopathy under hyperglycemia.

Methods: Based on the fact that miR145 is detected in rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs) under hyperglycemia, RAECs were transfected with miR145 mimics/inhibitor for further confirmation.

A Novel Linear Model Based on Code Approximation for GNSS/INS Ultra-Tight Integration System.

The superiority of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS)/inertial navigation system (INS) ultra-tight integration navigation system has been widely verified. For those systems with centralized structure based on coherent-accumulation measurements (I/Q), the conversion from I/Q signals to navigation information is implemented by an observation equation. As a result, the model is highly complex and nonlinear, exerting essential influence on system performance.

Treatment of Extracranial Carotid Artery Aneurysm: Fifteen Years' Experience at a Single Institution.

Background: The purpose of this study is to record our institution's experience in the management of extracranial carotid artery aneurysms (ECCAs) over the past 15 years.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on consecutive patients with ECCAs from April 2003 to December 2017. Outpatient and inpatient clinic charts were reviewed.

[Result of carrier screening for spinal muscular atrophy among 3049 reproductive-age individuals from Yunnan region].

Objective: To perform carrier screening for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) among 3049 reproductive-age individuals from Yunnan region and determine the copy number of survival motor neuron (SMN) gene and carrier frequencies.

Methods: Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was used to determine the copy number of exon 7 of SMN1 and SMN2 genes and identify those with a single copy of SMN1 gene. Prenatal diagnosis was performed for couples whom were both found to be SMA carriers.

First-trimester maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein is not a good predictor for adverse pregnancy outcomes: a retrospective study of 3325 cases.

Background: It is well known that second-trimester maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MS-AFP) is a predictor for adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), such as preterm birth, stillbirth, preeclampsia and small for gestational age (SGA). However, it is unknown whether first-trimester MS-AFP is also predictive of APOs.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data on the first-trimester MS-AFP levels and pregnancy outcomes of 3325 singleton pregnant women.

The analysis of the association between the copy numbers of survival motor neuron gene 2 and neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein genes and the clinical phenotypes in 40 patients with spinal muscular atrophy: Observational study.

In this article, the correlation between the copy number of survival motor neuron 2 (SMN2) gene, neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP), and the phenotype of spinal muscular atrophy patients were analyzed.Forty patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) were included in the study at the Department of Medical Genetics of the First People's Hospital and the Department of Neurology of the Second People's Hospital in Yunnan Province from January 2012 to September 2018. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification assay was performed to determine the copy numbers of SMN2 and NAIP genes.

Effects of a comprehensive intervention on hypertension control in Chinese employees working in universities based on mixed models.

We conducted a comprehensive intensive intervention for hypertension patients working in universities or colleges. From July 2015 to March in 2016, 220 hypertension subjects were recruited, with 165 cases in intensive intervention group and 55 in standard intervention group. After 24 months of intervention, 208 ones including of 157 in intensive intervention group and 51 in standard intervention group were included in the final analysis.

Microbial Fuel Cell-Based Biosensors.

The microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a promising environmental biotechnology that has been proposed mainly for power production and wastewater treatment. Though small power output constrains its application for directly operating most electrical devices, great progress in its chemical, electrochemical, and microbiological aspects has expanded the applications of MFCs into other areas such as the generation of chemicals (e.g.

[Association of copy number of SMN1 and SMN2 with clinical phenotypes in children with spinal muscular atrophy].

Objective: To study the association of copy number of SMN1 and SMN2 with clinical phenotypes in children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).

Methods: A total of 45 children with SMA were enrolled. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification was used to measure the gene copy numbers of SMN1 and SMN2.