Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Attenuates Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Ferroptosis of Tubular Epithelial Cells by Inhibiting NOX4-ROS Signaling in Acute Kidney Injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a worldwide clinical burden associated with high morbidity and mortality. Remote ischemic preconditioning (rIPC), a brief nonlethal ischemia and reperfusion (IR) in remote tissues or limbs, has been used in an attempt to protect against AKI, but its underlying signaling pathways has not been elucidated. In the present study, rIPC protected kidney function and pathological injury and mitigated NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) upregulation in different AKI models (cisplatin, LPS and IRI).

Nickel-Catalyzed Rearranged Alkenylation of 2-Arylaziridines with Aryl Alkenes to Access Allylamines.

The transition-metal-catalyzed ring-opening functionalization of aziridines presents a promising approach for synthesizing structurally complex amines. However, the rearranged functionalization of aziridines poses significant challenges. Herein, we report the first rearranged alkenylation of aziridines with aryl alkenes via Ni-Brønsted acid co-catalysis, leading to the rapid synthesis of a diverse array of allylamines with yields reaching up to 91%.

Self-assembled patient-derived tumor-like cell clusters for personalized drug testing in diverse sarcomas.

Several patient-derived tumor models have emerged recently. However, soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) present a challenge in developing preclinical drug-testing models due to their non-epithelial and complex nature. Here, we report a model termed patient-derived tumor-like cell clusters (PTCs) derived from STS patients.

Another Possible Rationale for Foam Stability: The Quantity and Strength of Hydrogen Bonds at the Gas-Liquid Interface.

This study examines the foams generated by three surfactants: sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), and sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES). By analyzing the hydrogen bond at the gas-liquid interface, the research provides novel insights into the mechanisms by which surfactants stabilize foams. Surfactants adsorb at the gas-liquid interface, establishing hydrogen bonds with water molecules while simultaneously retarding the structural relaxation of water-water hydrogen bonds within the hydration layer.

Triazine-Modified Color-Responsive Triarylboron/Acridine Fluorescent Probe with Multi-Channel Charge Transfer for Highly Sensitive Fluoride Ion Detection.

A novel fluoride ion fluorescent probe is designed by introducing the strong electron-withdrawing triazine groups into the triarylboron/acridine conjugation system. The A-D-A' molecular configuration endows this molecule with multiple charge-transfer channels; upon reaction with F, the triazine groups act as primary acceptors within the molecule, facilitating charge transfer between the acridine units and the triazine groups. During fluoride ion detection, changes in the triarylboron moiety lead to a significant bathochromic-shift in fluorescence emission from green to yellow.

Access to Chiral Dihydro-1,4-Benzoxazine-2-Carboxylates through NHC-Catalyzed Dynamic Kinetic Resolution.

A chiral carbene-catalyzed dynamic kinetic resolution for the facile synthesis of enantioenriched dihydro-1,4-benzoxazine-2-carboxylates is disclosed. The reaction conditions are mild, and a diversity of substituents are well-tolerated in this transformation. In addition, our methodology also provides an efficient strategy for building chiral chromane-2-carboxylate and 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxane-2-carboxylate.

Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of 6-(2-Aminobenzo[]thiazol-5-yl) quinazolin-4(3)-one Derivatives.

Quinazolinones are key scaffolds in anticancer drug development. We previously identified the lead compound from a series of 6-(1-benzo[]imidazol-6-yl) quinazolin-4(3)-one derivatives. In this study, we optimized to develop new 6-(2-aminobenzo[]thiazol-5-yl) quinazolin-4(3)-one derivatives, with compound showing the best antiproliferative activity against A549 lung cancer cells (IC: 0.

Gender differences in the relationship between mental health and academic performance among undergraduate students at a medical school in Shanghai: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Epidemiological studies indicate that 12% to 50% of university students suffer from one or more common mental health problems, which may be linked to academic performance. However, most current studies provide associations between only a single mental disorder and college students' academic performance, with inconsistent results, and do not consider gender differences. The objective of this study was to analyze the mental health status across various dimensions among male and female college students and to explore the impact of gender on the relationship between mental health status and academic performance.

Individualized tumor-reactive T cells exhibit a potent anti-tumor response in prostate cancer.

Background: Cellular immunotherapy exhibits promise in treating blood tumors. However, its application for solid tumors is impeded by their heterogeneity and complex microenvironments. The development of individualized multitarget therapy may be the key to overcoming the challenge of tumor heterogeneity.

Investigation into the temporal impacts of drought on vegetation dynamics in China during 2000 to 2022.

Quantifying vegetation's response to drought and understanding its mechanisms is crucial for mitigating the adverse effects of drought disasters. The asymmetric cumulative and lag effects of drought on vegetation growth are widespread, yet the responses of different vegetation types, climate zones, and elevations in China remain unclear. This study used the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to analyze vegetation status and drought trends from 2000 to 2022, examining the differentiation and mechanisms of cumulative (CED) and lag effect of drought (LED) under various conditions.

EIF4A3-Mediated Biogenesis of CircFADS1 Promotes the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway.

Mounting research indicates that circRNAs are pivotal elements in tumorigenesis and progression. Understanding the mechanisms by which circRNAs function in tumors is crucial for identifying undiscovered diagnostic and treatment targets. This research centers on unraveling the mechanisms by which the novel circRNA, circFADS1, influences hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression.

Development and Performance Evaluation of a Nanoparticle-Enhanced Foam Drainage System for Shale Gas Wells.

In the later stages of shale gas well development, liquid accumulation in the wellbore became a significant problem. It restricts gas production and sometimes even causes well shutdowns due to water flooding. Foam drainage and gas recovery technology is an economical and convenient deliquification method, yet its stability has remained a challenge.

Discovery of novel imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine derivatives as potent covalent inhibitors of CDK12/13.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is widely recognized as the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, and treatment options for patients with TNBC remain highly limited. Recently, cyclin-dependent kinases 12/13 (CDK12/13) have been identified as promising therapeutic targets for TNBC. In our study, we report the design and synthesis of novel imidazo[1,2-b]pyrazine-based covalent inhibitors of CDK12/13, which exhibit potent inhibitory activity against TNBC cells.

CT radiomics-based intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity indicators for prognosis prediction in gastric cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Objectives: CT-based intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity indicators were integrated to develop a prognostic model for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).

Methods: This retrospective study included 568 LAGC patients treated with NACT from two hospitals. The intratumor heterogeneity score (ITHscore) was developed to quantify the intratumoral heterogeneity of LAGCs on CT; intertumoral heterogeneity was characterized by combining the primary tumor (PT) and lymph node (LN) sizes on CT.

Chemical Constituents From Trichilia connaroides and Their Anti-Tobacco Mosaic Virus Properties.

Further phytochemical investigation on the twigs of Trichilia connaroides led to the isolation of nine limonoids (1, 2, and 5-11), one 3,4-seco-homo-cycloartane (3), and two steroids (4 and 12). The structures of these obtained isolates were established by means of detailed analyses of their extensive spectroscopic information and electronic circular dichroism calculations, four of them were elucidated as undescribed compounds (1-4). It is noted that an unprecedented 7-oxabicyclo[2.

Bushen Jiedu formula alleviates colorectal cancer progression through reducing lncRPPH1 in tumor-derived extracellular vesicles.

Background: The Bushen Jiedu Formula (BSJDF) is a traditional and effective chemical prescription of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) administered due to its anti-cancer properties, particularly in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Purpose: This study proposes to explore the therapeutic benefits of BSJDF against metastasis in CRC and unravel its regulatory mechanisms related to the tumor microenvironment.

Study Design/methods: The combination of mass spectrometry and network pharmacology was used to analyze the involvement of BSJDF in anti-tumor progression.

Integrated all-optical nonreciprocity based on a moving index grating.

Optical nonreciprocal devices are critical components in integrated photonic systems and scalable quantum technologies. We propose an all-optical approach to achieve integrated optical nonreciprocity utilizing a moving index grating. The grating is generated in a nonlinear optical waveguide through the Kerr effect by driving the waveguide with two counter-propagating pump fields of slightly different frequencies.

Designing High-Damping, Optically Clear Ionogels through Competitive Binding for Flexible and Impact-Resistant Applications.

Developing damping materials that are both optically transparent and mechanically robust, while offering broad frequency damping capacity, is a significant challenge─particularly for devices that require protection without compromising visual clarity. Conventional methods often either fail to maintain transparency or involve complex designs that are difficult to implement. Here, we present an ionogel system that integrates a physically cross-linked elastic copolymer network with a viscous ionic liquid.

IDO1 inhibits ferroptosis by regulating FTO-mediated m6A methylation and SLC7A11 mRNA stability during glioblastoma progression.

Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) has been recognized as an enzyme involved in tryptophan catabolism with immunosuppressive ability. This study determined to investigate the impact of IDO1 on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells. Here, we showed that the expression of IDO1 was markedly increased in patients with glioma and associated with GBM progression.

Deep-learning based electromagnetic navigation system for transthoracic percutaneous puncture of small pulmonary nodules.

Percutaneous transthoracic puncture of small pulmonary nodules is technically challenging. We developed a novel electromagnetic navigation puncture system for the puncture of sub-centimeter lung nodules by combining multiple deep learning models with electromagnetic and spatial localization technologies. We compared the performance of DL-EMNS and conventional CT-guided methods in percutaneous lung punctures using phantom and animal models.

Macrocyclic Diterpenoids from Possessing Activity Towards Autophagic Flux.

Euphjatrophanes H-L (-), four new jatrophane-type and one new lathyrane-type diterpenoid, were isolated from , along with eight known diterpenoids (-). Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and X-ray crystallographic experiments. All compounds were subjected to bioactivity evaluation using flow cytometry in autophagic flux assays with HM mCherry-GFP-LC3 cells, the human microglia cells which stably expressed the tandem monomeric mCherry-GFP-tagged LC3.

Receptor-like Kinase GOM1 Regulates Glume-Opening in Rice.

Glume-opening of thermosensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) rice ( L.) lines after anthesis is a serious problem that significantly reduces the yield and quality of hybrid seeds. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating the opening and closing of rice glumes remain largely unclear.

Prediction of Thermodynamic Properties of C-Based Fullerenols Using Machine Learning.

Traditional machine learning methods face significant challenges in predicting the properties of highly symmetric molecules. In this study, we developed a machine learning model based on graph neural networks (GNNs) to accurately and swiftly predict the thermodynamic and photochemical properties of fullerenols, such as C(OH) ( = 1 to 30). First, we established a global method for generating fullerenol isomers through isomer fingerprinting, which can generate all possible isomers or produce diverse structural types on demand.