Impact of mild hypothermic circulatory arrest on surgical outcomes in acute type a aortic dissection patients: a single-centre study.

Background: As hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA) is being more frequently induced in patients undergoing aortic arch surgery, its safety at different degrees has become a crucial area of study. The aim of this study was to assess the surgical outcomes of mild hypothermic circulatory arrest (MI-HCA) during aortic arch surgery.

Methods: Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) patients who underwent total arch replacement (TAR) and frozen elephant trunk (FET) surgery between January 2014 and December 2023 were enrolled in this study.

Similarities and differences of clinical manifestations and prognosis between eosinophilic gastroenteritis and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis complicating gastrointestinal involvement.

Objective: To investigate the similarities and differences of clinical manifestations and long-term prognosis between eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) complicating GI involvement (EGPA-GI).

Methods: Sixty-two EGE and 30 EGPA-GI patients were retrospectively enrolled in PUMCH from 2008 to 2023. Baseline clinical records were collected.

Carotid Endarterectomy Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment in Clinical and Experimental Unilateral Carotid Artery Stenosis.

Background: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is widely used to treat carotid artery stenosis (CAS). However, the effects of CEA on unilateral CAS-induced cognitive impairment and the underlying mechanism remain poorly understood.

Methods And Results: Thirteen patients diagnosed with unilateral severe CAS underwent pre- and post-CEA assessments, including fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging, cognitive assessments, and routine blood tests before and after CEA.

Probiotic potential of enterococcus lactis in improving egg production and quality in quails during late egg-laying period.

This study investigated the probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from the intestines of quails during the late egg-laying period. Eight LAB strains were examined for their tolerance to acid and bile salts, antibiotic susceptibility, self-aggregation, hydrophobicity, and antibacterial activity. Among these, E.

Transcatheter closure of paravalvular leakage through multiple approaches after surgical mechanical valve replacements: A retrospective study.

Background: Transcatheter closure of percutaneous paravalvular leak (PVL) is a technically challenging procedure, especially after surgical mechanical valve replacements (SMVR), as the risk of interference with the prosthetic valve discs and the complex interventional techniques required for mitral PVL closure. Our study was designed to review the results with transcatheter closure of PVL after SMVR.

Methods: From January 2018 through December 2023, a total of 64 patients with PVL after SMVR underwent transcatheter closure with the help of preoperative 3-dimensional printing model and simulator for image evaluation.

METTL3-Mediated m6A Modification of ISG15 mRNA Regulates Doxorubicin-Induced Endothelial Cell Apoptosis.

N6-adenosine methylation (m6A) of RNA is involved in the regulation of various diseases. However, its role in chemotherapy-related vascular endothelial injury has not yet been elucidated. We found that methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) expression was significantly reduced during doxorubicin (DOX)-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells both in vivo and in vitro, and that silencing of METTL3 further intensified this process.

Untangling the Role of Capping Agents in Manipulating Electrochemical Behaviors Toward Practical Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Long-standing challenges including notorious side reactions at the Zn anode, low Zn anode utilization, and rapid cathode degradation at low current densities hinder the advancement of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). Inspired by the critical role of capping agents in nanomaterials synthesis and bulk crystal growth, a series of capping agents are employed to demonstrate their applicability in AZIBs. Here, it is shown that the preferential adsorption of capping agents on different Zn crystal planes, coordination between capping agents and Zn ions, and interactions with metal oxide cathodes enable preferred Zn (002) deposition, water-deficient Zn ion solvation structure, and a dynamic cathode-electrolyte interface.

The optimal neoadjuvant treatment strategy for HR+/HER2 + breast cancer: a network meta-analysis.

The efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy varies significantly with hormone receptor (HR) status for patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive breast cancer (BC). Despite extensive research on HER2 + BC, the optimal neoadjuvant strategy for HR+/HER2 + BC remains inconclusive. This study aimed to identify the optimal neoadjuvant regimen for HR+/HER2 + BC treatment.

Intra-Articular Platelet-Rich Plasma versus Hyaluronic Acid in the Treatment of Hip Osteoarthritis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Overlapping Systematic Reviews.

Purpose: The debate over the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) versus hyaluronic acid (HA) in treating hip osteoarthritis (HOA) continues. This cross-sectional analysis of overlapping systematic reviews aims to evaluate the efficacy of intra-articular PRP compared to HA for HOA treatment. The goal is to guide decision-makers in selecting the most reliable systematic reviews and to provide treatment recommendations based on the best available evidence.

Approaching coupled-cluster accuracy for molecular electronic structures with multi-task learning.

Machine learning plays an important role in quantum chemistry, providing fast-to-evaluate predictive models for various properties of molecules; however, most existing machine learning models for molecular electronic properties use density functional theory (DFT) databases as ground truth in training, and their prediction accuracy cannot surpass that of DFT. In this work we developed a unified machine learning method for electronic structures of organic molecules using the gold-standard CCSD(T) calculations as training data. Tested on hydrocarbon molecules, our model outperforms DFT with several widely used hybrid and double-hybrid functionals in terms of both computational cost and prediction accuracy of various quantum chemical properties.

Extracellular vesicles of ADSCs inhibit ischemic stroke-induced pyroptosis through Gbp3 regulation: A role for the NLRP3/GSDMD signaling pathway.

Background: Mounting data indicates that extracellular vesicles (EVs) have the potential to improve the injury after a stroke. Pyroptosis is a recently identified kind of programmed cell death that initiates an inflammatory reaction. We aimed to ascertain the therapeutic implications and possible molecular processes of EVs obtained from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in inhibiting pyroptosis in ischemic stroke.

Progress and Gaps in Respiratory Disease Research and Treatment: Highlights of the IRM 2024 in Shanghai.

Respiratory diseases pose a major public health challenge globally, necessitating collaborative efforts between basic researchers and clinicians for effective solutions. China, which is heavily impacted by a broad spectrum of respiratory disorders, has made notable strides in both research and clinical management of these diseases. The International Respiratory Medicine (IRM) meeting was organized with the primary goal of facilitating the exchange of recent research developments and promoting collaboration between Chinese and American scientists in both basic and clinical research fields.

Crucial rhythms and subnetworks for emotion processing extracted by an interpretable deep learning framework from EEG networks.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) brain networks describe the driving and synchronous relationships among multiple brain regions and can be used to identify different emotional states. However, methods for extracting interpretable structural features from brain networks are still lacking. In the current study, a novel deep learning structure comprising both an attention mechanism and a domain adversarial strategy is proposed to extract discriminant and interpretable features from brain networks.

Dual functions of silibinin in attenuating aortic dissection via regulating iron homeostasis and endoplasmic reticulum stress against ferroptosis.

Aortic dissection (AD) poses a significant threat to cardiovascular health globally, yet its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Smooth muscle cells death and phenotypic switching are critically important pathological processes in AD. Currently, no pharmacological therapies have proven effective in managing AD.

Carotenoids from Halophilic Archaea: A Novel Approach to Improve Egg Quality and Cecal Microbiota in Laying Hens.

Carotenoids from different sources have different structures and functions, and their dietary components benefit the health of various organisms. The effects of halophilic Archaea-derived C50 carotenoids on poultry egg quality and gut microbiota remain largely unexplored. In this study, we isolated a carotenoid-secreting strain of , TRM89021, from the Pamir Plateau.

VNS facilitates the neurological function recovery after ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating the A1/A2 polarization of astrocytes through the NMU-NMUR2 pathway.

Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Although conventional treatments such as thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy are effective, their narrow therapeutic window limits long-term neurological recovery. Previous studies have shown that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) enhances neurological recovery after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and neuromedin U (NMU) has neuroprotective effects.

A Nattokinase-Loaded Nanozyme for Alleviating Acute Myocardial Infarction via Thrombolysis and Antioxidation.

Acute myocardial infarction (MI) induced by thrombus formation is a prevalent cardiovascular disorder, and thrombolytic therapy continues to be a principal treatment modality. Prior research indicates a substantial association among MI, thrombosis, and the activation of oxidative stress pathways. The effectiveness of current thrombolytic drugs is relatively constrained, and the need for innovative and versatile thrombolytic medications remains critical.

Noninvasive early identification of durable clinical benefit from immune checkpoint inhibition: a prospective multicenter study (NCT04566432).

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have changed the treatment landscape for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In spite of durable responses in some patients, many patients develop early disease progression during the ICI treatment. Thus, early identification of patients with no durable benefit would facilitate the clinical decision for these patients.

Tetramethylpyrazine attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ferroptosis via the AMPK / Nrf2 pathways.

Objectives: Ferroptosis is involved in the development and exacerbation of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI), and its inhibition can alleviate CIRI. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is used for the treatment of ischemic stroke. However, the mechanism by which TMP regulates ferroptosis in CIRI is yet to be explored.

Advances in Chiral Macrocycles: Molecular Design and Applications.

Chiral macrocycles have recently emerged as promising materials for enantioselective recognition, asymmetric catalysis, and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) due to their terminal-free structure, preorganized chiral cavities, and unique host-guest and self-assembly properties. This review summarizes recent advances in the design and synthesis of chiral macrocycles with central, axial, helical, and planar chirality, each imparting distinct structural and chiroptical characteristics. We highlight key strategies for constructing these macrocycles and their applications in optoelectronic and catalytic systems.

Association of multiple environmental exposures with rhinitis and asthma symptoms in preschool children: Identifying critical risk factor.

Background: The concept "one airway, one disease" for childhood rhinitis and asthma has been challenged in recent years. This study aimed to evaluate associations of environmental exposures with alone and co-morbid symptoms of rhinitis and asthma and identify critical risk factor.

Methods: 5828 children aged 3-6 years in Shanghai were surveyed in 2019.

Macrocyclic catalysis mediated by water: opportunities and challenges.

Nanospaces within enzymes play a crucial role in chemical reactions in biological systems, garnering significant attention from supramolecular chemists. Inspired by the highly efficient catalysis of enzymes, artificial supramolecular hosts have been developed and widely employed in various reactions, paving the way for innovative and selective catalytic processes and offering new insights into enzymatic catalytic mechanisms. In supramolecular macrocycle systems, weak non-covalent interactions are exploited to enhance substrate solubility, increase local concentration, and stabilize the transition state, ultimately accelerating reaction rates and improving product selectivity.

Diagnostic and prognostic potential of FBXO8 expression in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma and its regulation of renal adenocarcinoma cells.

Background: The F-box protein 8 Gene (FBXO8) has been shown to suppress invasion and metastasis in various cancer types. Recurrence and drug resistance pose significant challenges in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Identifying novel biomarkers is crucial for addressing these issues.