A systematic study of the determinants of protein abundance memory in cell lineage.

Proteins are essential players of life activities. Intracellular protein levels directly affect cellular functions and cell fate. Upon cell division, the proteins in the mother cell are inherited by the daughters.

Different Developmental Pattern of Brain Activities in ADHD: A Study of Resting-State fMRI.

There are distinct symptoms for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at different ages. To explore the developmental mechanism of ADHD from childhood to adolescence, patients from different age groups with ADHD drawn from a large dataset should be investigated. In this study, we hypothesized that there are significant differences in the developmental patterns of local and global brain activities between ADHD and typically developing (TD) individuals.

A DFT Study on the Adsorption of H₂S and SO₂ on Ni Doped MoS₂ Monolayer.

In this paper, a Ni-doped MoS₂ monolayer (Ni-MoS₂) has been proposed as a novel gas adsorbent to be used in SF₆-insulated equipment. Based on the first-principles calculation, the adsorption properties of Ni-MoS₂ to SO₂ and H₂S molecules, the main decomposition components of SF₆ under a partial discharge (PD) condition have been studied. The adsorption energy, charge transfer, and structural parameters have been analyzed to find the most stable gas-adsorbed Ni-MoS₂.

[Imaging measurement and clinical significance of occipitocervical angle in healthy people at different ages].

Objective: To measure imaging data of occipitocervical angle in healthy people at different ages by X-ray.

Methods: One hundred and fifty asymptomatic volunteers(75 males and 75 females) aged from 20 and 70 years old with an average of(44.83±13.

The Coexistence of Growth Hormone-Producing Pituitary Adenoma and Rathke Cleft Cyst: How Can We Diagnosis Preoperation?

Pituitary adenoma (PA) rarely coexists with Rathke's cleft cyst (RCC). Previously, only 13 cases of patients with growth hormone (GH)-producing PA and concomitant RCC have been reported. Here, the authors report a 54-year-old female patient with a GH-secreting PA coexisting with an RCC.

NOX4, a new genetic target for anti-cancer therapy in digestive system cancer.

Oxidative stress has been implicated as an important factor in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunit 4 (NOX4), a substrate of NADPH that can generate H O reactive oxygen species, has been reported to be highly expressed in gastrointestinal tumors. In this review we summarize the available evidence on the biological function of NOX4 in digestive system tumors by focusing on its correlation with classical cell signaling pathways, including VEGF, MAPK and PI3K/AKT, and with biochemical mediators, such as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), activator protein (AP)-1 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β.

Low Cell-Matrix Adhesion Reveals Two Subtypes of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.

We show that a human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) population cultured on a low-adhesion substrate developed two hPSC subtypes with different colony morphologies: flat and domed. Notably, the dome-like cells showed higher active proliferation capacity and increased several pluripotent genes' expression compared with the flat monolayer cells. We further demonstrated that cell-matrix adhesion mediates the interaction between cell morphology and expression of KLF4 and KLF5 through a serum response factor (SRF)-based regulatory double loop.

Biochanin A Reduces Inflammatory Injury and Neuronal Apoptosis following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage via Suppression of the TLRs/TIRAP/MyD88/NF-B Pathway.

Inflammatory injury and neuronal apoptosis participate in the period of early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Suppression of inflammation has recently been shown to reduce neuronal death and neurobehavioral dysfunction post SAH. Biochanin A (BCA), a natural bioactive isoflavonoid, has been confirmed to emerge the anti-inflammatory pharmacological function.

Single-Cell RNA-Seq Reveals Dynamic Early Embryonic-like Programs during Chemical Reprogramming.

Chemical reprogramming provides a powerful platform for exploring the molecular dynamics that lead to pluripotency. Although previous studies have uncovered an intermediate extraembryonic endoderm (XEN)-like state during this process, the molecular underpinnings of pluripotency acquisition remain largely undefined. Here, we profile 36,199 single-cell transcriptomes at multiple time points throughout a highly efficient chemical reprogramming system using RNA-sequencing and reconstruct their progression trajectories.

Preparation Nano-Structure Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Functional Film on the Cellulose Insulation Polymer and Its Effect on the Breakdown Voltage and Hydrophobicity Properties.

Cellulose insulation polymer is an important component of oil-paper insulation, which is widely used in power transformer. The weight of the cellulose insulation polymer materials is as high as tens of tons in the larger converter transformer. Excellent performance of oil-paper insulation is very important for ensuring the safe operation of larger converter transformer.

Early-warning signals of critical transition: Effect of extrinsic noise.

Complex dynamical systems often have tipping points and exhibit catastrophic regime shift. Despite the notorious difficulty of predicting such transitions, accumulating studies have suggested the existence of generic early-warning signals (EWSs) preceding upcoming transitions. However, previous theories and models were based on the effect of the intrinsic noise (IN) when a system is approaching a critical point, and did not consider the pervasive environmental fluctuations or the extrinsic noise (EN).

Wound healing effects of a Curcuma zedoaria polysaccharide with platelet-rich plasma exosomes assembled on chitosan/silk hydrogel sponge in a diabetic rat model.

One homogeneous polysaccharide (ZWP) was successfully isolated and purified from the rhizomes of Curcuma zedoaria and the aim of present study was to determine the potential of chitosan/silk hydrogel sponge loaded with platelet-rich plasma exosomes (PRP-Exos), ZWP or PRP-Exos/ZWP on wound-healing in diabetic rats. An in vivo diabetic wound healing study showed that separate or combined treatments all resulted in a wound contraction in diabetic rats, as evidenced by a decrease of ulcer and an increase of epidermal thickness, but PRP-Exos/ZWP combination therapy was more successful in wound closing than either PRP-Exos or ZWP single administration. This could be due to the upregulation of collagen synthesis and deposition, as well as angiogenesis at the wound site.

Precise Intradermal Injection of Nanofat-Derived Stromal Cells Combined with Platelet-Rich Fibrin Improves the Efficacy of Facial Skin Rejuvenation.

Background/aims: The rejuvenation properties of nanofat grafting have been described in recent years. However, it is not clear whether the clinical efficacy of the procedure is attributable to stem cells or linked to other components of adipose tissue. In this study we isolated nanofat-derived stem cells (NFSCs) to observe their biological characteristics and evaluate the efficacy of precise intradermal injection of nanofat combined with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in patients undergoing facial rejuvenation treatment.

Tropomyosin-1 promotes cancer cell apoptosis via the p53-mediated mitochondrial pathway in renal cell carcinoma.

Tropomyosin-1 (TPM1), a widely expressed actin-binding protein, is downregulated in many tumors and associated with cancer progression. A previous study from our group suggested that TPM1 could be involved in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) apoptosis, but the mechanisms and details remained unknown. The present study aimed to further examine the proapoptotic effects of TPM1 and investigate the underlying mechanisms in RCC cell lines.

Phosphatidic Acid Counteracts S-RNase Signaling in Pollen by Stabilizing the Actin Cytoskeleton.

S-RNase is the female determinant of self-incompatibility (SI) in pear (). After translocation to the pollen tube, S-RNase degrades rRNA and induces pollen tube death in an -haplotype-specific manner. In this study, we found that the actin cytoskeleton is a target of S-RNase (PbrS-RNase) and uncovered a mechanism that involves phosphatidic acid (PA) and protects the pollen tube from PbrS-RNase cytotoxicity.

Characteristics of genomic alterations of lung adenocarcinoma in young never-smokers.

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been recognized as a highly heterogeneous disease with phenotypic and genotypic diversity in each subgroup. While never-smoker patients with NSCLC have been well studied through next generation sequencing, we have yet to recognize the potentially unique molecular features of young never-smoker patients with NSCLC. In this study, we conducted whole genome sequencing (WGS) to characterize the genomic alterations of 36 never-smoker Chinese patients, who were diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) at 45 years or younger.

Characterization, antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective effect of purple sweetpotato polysaccharides.

In this study, three kinds of polysaccharides (named PSWP, PSAP-1 and PSAP-2) were successively isolated from purple sweetpotato tubers by hot water, 0.5M and 2M sodium hydroxide solutions. The characterization, in vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo hepatoprotective effect of these polysaccharides were investigated.

Revision surgery after rod breakage in a patient with occipitocervical fusion: A case report.

Rationale: Rod breakage after occipitocervical fusion (OCF) has never been described in a patient who has undergone surgery for basilar invagination (BI) and atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD). Here, we present an unusual but significant case of revision surgery to correct this complication.

Patient Concerns: A 32-year-old female presented with neck pain, unstable leg motion in walking, and also BI with AAD.

Design of Boron Doped CN-CN Coplanar Conjugated Heterostructure for Efficient HER Electrocatalysis.

Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) via the electrocatalytic reduction of water on metal-free catalysts may become a promising method for a sustainable energy supply in the future. However, compared with noble metals or transition metals, the carbon-based metal-free electrocatalysts show poor activity. Here, a novel coplanar metal-free catalyst (CN-CN) was designed for the first time to achieve better efficiency for electron transfer and water reduction.

Urological complications after radical hysterectomy with postoperative radiotherapy and radiotherapy alone for cervical cancer.

Radiotherapy is a reliable method to cure cervical cancer patients, but it could cause serious urological complications after the treatment due to the anatomical location of the cervix. The main purpose of this retrospective analysis is to study the incidence, latency, and therapeutic efficacy of urological complications caused by radical hysterectomy with postoperative radiotherapy or radiotherapy alone in patients with cervical cancer.A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with cervical cancer who received radical hysterectomy with postoperative radiotherapy or radiotherapy alone at the First Hospital of Jilin University between January 2010 and May 2016.

Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Sensitive Hydrogen (H₂) Sensing Device Based on Ag Doped SnO₂ Nanospheres.

In this paper, pure and Ag-doped SnO₂ nanospheres were synthesized by hydrothermal method and characterized via X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), respectively. The gas sensing performance of the pure, 1 at.%, 3 at.

Design of iron atom modified thiophene-linked metalloporphyrin 2D conjugated microporous polymer as CO reduction photocatalyst.

Herein, by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we designed a new type of thiophene-linked porphyrin unit and incorporated it into an extended 2D conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) to serve as a CO2 reduction catalyst. This newly designed catalyst combines the advantages of molecular catalysis, heterogeneous catalysis, high structural stability and tunable electronic properties. A series of metal atoms (Fe, Mg, Mn, and Cu) were introduced into the center of the porphyrin ring to modify its capacity for reducing CO2.

Nanog induced intermediate state in regulating stem cell differentiation and reprogramming.

Background: Heterogeneous gene expressions of cells are widely observed in self-renewing pluripotent stem cells, suggesting possible coexistence of multiple cellular states with distinct characteristics. Though the elements regulating cellular states have been identified, the underlying dynamic mechanisms and the significance of such cellular heterogeneity remain elusive.

Results: We present a gene regulatory network model to investigate the bimodal Nanog distribution in stem cells.

Network Motifs Capable of Decoding Transcription Factor Dynamics.

Transcription factors (TFs) can encode the information of upstream signal in terms of its temporal activation dynamics. However, it remains unclear how different types of TF dynamics are decoded by downstream signalling networks. In this work, we studied all three-node transcriptional networks for their ability to distinguish two types of TF dynamics: amplitude modulation (AM), where the TF is activated with a constant amplitude, and frequency modulation (FM), where the TF activity displays an oscillatory behavior.

Enhancing the thermoelectric performance of gamma-graphyne nanoribbons by introducing edge disorder.

Structure disorder especially edge disorder is unavoidable during the fabrication of nanomaterials. In this paper, using the non-equilibrium Green's function method, we investigate the influence of edge disorder on the thermoelectric performance of gamma(γ)-graphyne nanoribbons (GYNRs). Our results show that the high Seebeck coefficient in pristine γ-GYNR could still be preserved although edge disorder is introduced into the structure.