Two-Dimensional Shear-Wave Elastography: Accuracy in Liver Fibrosis Staging Using Magnetic Resonance Elastography as the Reference Standard.

The accurate staging of liver fibrosis is crucial for managing chronic liver disease (CLD). Although magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is the reference standard for noninvasive fibrosis assessment, its cost, specialized hardware, and operational demands restrict accessibility. In contrast, two-dimensional shear-wave elastography (2D-SWE) is more affordable, accessible, and widely integrated into routine ultrasound systems.

Efficacy and safety of pinaverium bromide as an add-on therapy in refractory dyspepsia: A randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aim: Functional dyspepsia (FD) remains a therapeutic challenge, and the efficacy of antispasmodic agents as adjunctive therapy is not well established. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pinaverium bromide added to omeprazole in treating refractory FD.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in patients with refractory dyspepsia.

The Mutographs biorepository: A unique genomic resource to study cancer around the world.

Large-scale biorepositories and databases are essential to generate equitable, effective, and sustainable advances in cancer prevention, early detection, cancer therapy, cancer care, and surveillance. The Mutographs project has created a large genomic dataset and biorepository of over 7,800 cancer cases from 30 countries across five continents with extensive demographic, lifestyle, environmental, and clinical information. Whole-genome sequencing is being finalized for over 4,000 cases, with the primary goal of understanding the causes of cancer at eight anatomic sites.

Prediction of Esophageal Varices in Viral Hepatitis C Cirrhosis: Performance of Combined Ultrasonography and Clinical Predictors.

Objectives: This study is aimed at evaluating the diagnostic performance of clinical predictors and the Doppler ultrasonography in predicting esophageal varices (EV) in patients with hepatitis C-related cirrhosis and exploring the practical predictors of EV.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study from July 2020 to January 2021, enrolling 65 patients with mild hepatitis C-related cirrhosis. We obtained clinical data and performed grayscale and the Doppler ultrasound to explore the predictors of EV.

Programmed death-ligand 1 expression and overall survival in Thai patients with gastric cancer.

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression has now been implicated in gastric cancer (GC). This study was conducted to determine the impact of clinicopathological characteristics on PD-L1 expression and its association with survival in GC patients receiving standard-of-care. In total, 268 GC patients receiving upfront surgery were enrolled at Chiang Mai University Hospital.

Prevalence and factors associated with atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia: A multivariate, hospital-based, statistical analysis.

Background: Atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM) play an essential role in gastric carcinogenesis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of AG and IM and their associated factors.

Methods: Subjects who underwent upper endoscopy at Chiang Mai University Hospital from January 2018 to Dec 2021 were included.

Randomised clinical trial: the effects of pregabalin vs placebo on functional dyspepsia.

Background: Currently, central neuromodulators are among the therapeutic options for the treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD). Pregabalin, a gabapentinoid, is a neuromodulator that could potentially improve visceral hypersensitivity in FD patients.

Aim: To assess the efficacy and safety of pregabalin for the treatment of FD METHODS: We performed a randomised placebo-controlled study including FD patients who did not respond to proton pump inhibitors.

A Proactive Policy to Eliminate Viral Hepatitis Infection: Five-Year Results for the Subdistrict Model in Thailand.

The objective of this study was to ascertain hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) infection rates in individuals toward the early initiation of treatment and prevention of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This cross-sectional study was performed on 2084 participants from two subdistricts in Chiang Mai and Lampang provinces, northern Thailand. Screening for viral hepatitis in the general population was conducted at subdistrict health-promoting hospitals in Nong Pa Krang, in the suburb of Chiang Mai city, and Thoenburi, a subdistrict in the rural area of Lampang province, northern Thailand.

Chronic gastritis according to age and in Thailand: histopathological patterns.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the histopathological characteristics of chronic gastritis in dyspeptic patients without visible mucosal lesions in different age groups and different biopsy sites.

Methods: Patients who underwent upper endoscopy for the investigation of dyspepsia as the sole indication were recruited. We selected data from patients without visible mucosal lesions for the study.

Efficacy and Safety of Fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda) Extract in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common upper gastrointestinal disorder, but the current treatments are still unsatisfactory. Fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda [L.] Mansf.

Efficacy and Safety of Clidinium/Chlordiazepoxide as an Add-on Therapy in Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomized, Controlled, Trial.

Background/aims: The treatment of refractory functional dyspepsia (FD) is a challenge. Clidinium/chlordiazepoxide is a combination of antispasmodic and anxiolytic drugs that has been used as an adjunct treatment for FD in clinical practice with limited supporting evidence of efficacy. The aim of the study is to assess the efficacy and safety of clidinium/chlordiazepoxide as an adjunct treatment to a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) in refractory dyspepsia.

Teprenone for the prevention of low-dose aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury in -negative patients.

Low-dose aspirin is the standard treatment for the prevention of cardiovascular events in at-risk patients. We performed a randomized, placebo-controlled study to determine the efficacy of teprenone for primary prevention of gastrointestinal injury in patients taking LDA for vascular protection. Patients were eligible for enrollment if they required aspirin 100 mg/day.

Arginine, glutamine, and fish oil supplementation in cancer patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy: A randomized control study.

We evaluated the effectiveness of arginine, glutamine, and fish oil supplementation in patients' ability to adhere to the planned regimen and associated toxicities in patients who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Eighty-eight cancer patients were randomized into 2 groups, A; regular diet and B; regular diet plus nutritional supplementation during their CCRT course. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between toxicity and the study groups.

Thailand Dyspepsia Guidelines: 2018.

The management of dyspepsia in limited-resource areas has not been established. In 2017, key opinion leaders throughout Thailand gathered to review and evaluate the current clinical evidence regarding dyspepsia and to develop consensus statements, rationales, levels of evidence, and grades of recommendation for dyspepsia management in daily clinical practice based on the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. This guideline is mainly focused on the following 4 topics: (1) evaluation of patients with dyspepsia, (2) management, (3) special issues (overlapping gastroesophageal reflux disease/irritable bowel syndrome and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug/aspirin use), and (4) long-term follow-up and management to provide guidance for physicians in Thailand and other limited-resource areas managing such patients.

Thailand Consensus on Helicobacter pylori Treatment 2015.

Management of Helicobacter pylori infection is an important aspect of many upper gastrointestinal tract diseases, such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. The Thailand Consensus on H. pylori treatment 2015 consisted of 22 national experts who took active roles, discussed all important clinical information and investigated clinical aspects in four workshops, focuising on: (1) Diagnosis (2) Treatment (3) Follow-up after eradication and (4) H.

Risk Factors for the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Thailand.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer worldwide. The incidence of HCC is on the rise in Thailand, where it has become the most common malignancy in males and the third most common in females. Here, we review some of the risk factors that have contributed to this increase in HCC incidence in the Thai population.

Three-day versus five-day somatostatin infusion combination with endoscopic variceal ligation in the prevention of early rebleeding following acute variceal hemorrhage: A randomized controlled trial.

Aim: Combined pharmacological and endoscopic therapy is recommended for initial treatment of acute variceal bleeding (AVB). The optimal duration of therapy with a vasoactive agent is not well established. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of 3-day and 5-day somatostatin treatment in the prevention of early rebleeding after endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL).

The association of rectal equivalent dose in 2 Gy fractions (EQD2) to late rectal toxicity in locally advanced cervical cancer patients who were evaluated by rectosigmoidoscopy in Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University.

Purpose: To evaluate association between equivalent dose in 2 Gy (EQD2) to rectal point dose and gastrointestinal toxicity from whole pelvic radiotherapy (WPRT) and intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) in cervical cancer patients who were evaluated by rectosigmoidoscopy in Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective study was designed for the patients with locally advanced cervical cancer, treated by radical radiotherapy from 2004 to 2009 and were evaluated by rectosigmoidoscopy. The cumulative doses of WPRT and ICBT to the maximally rectal point were calculated to the EQD2 and evaluated the association of toxicities.

Clinical features and prognostic factors for liver cancer from a referral center in northern Thailand.

Background: Primary liver cancer included hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), is the leading cancer with high mortality in Thailand. We aim to evaluate the overall survival and predictor of mortality in patients with HCC and CCA.

Material And Method: We reviewed medical records of 786 patients with liver mass between July 2007 and June 2010, 287 patients were HCC and 449 patients were CCA.

Inducible NOS mediates CNP-induced relaxation of intestinal myofibroblasts.

Contraction of intestinal myofibroblasts (IMF) contributes to the development of strictures and fistulas seen in inflammatory bowel disease, but the mechanisms that regulate tension within these cells are poorly understood. In this study we investigated the role of nitric oxide (NO) signaling in C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)-induced relaxation of IMF. We found that treatment with ODQ, a soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) inhibitor, or N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) or N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), inhibitors of NO production, all impaired the relaxation of human and mouse IMF in response to CNP.

Intestinal myofibroblasts produce nitric oxide in response to combinatorial cytokine stimulation.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients display elevated levels of intraluminal nitric oxide (NO). NO can react with other molecules to form toxic compounds, which has led to the idea that NO may be an important mediator of IBD. However, the cellular source of NO and how its production is regulated in the intestine are unclear.

Randomized controlled trial of live lactobacillus acidophilus plus bifidobacterium bifidum in prophylaxis of diarrhea during radiotherapy in cervical cancer patients.

Background: Radiation-induced diarrhea is frequently observed during pelvic radiotherapy. This study was performed to determine the ability of a probiotic containing live lactobacillus acidophilus plus bifidobacterium bifidum to reduce the incidence of radiation-induced diarrhea in locally advanced cervical cancer patients.

Methods: Patients who were undergoing pelvic radiotherapy concurrent with weekly cisplatin were randomly assigned to a study drug or placebo, in a double-blind study.

Open-labeled pilot study of cysteine-rich whey protein isolate supplementation for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients.

Background And Aims: Glutathione (GSH) depletion contributes to liver injury and development of steatohepatitis. Undenatured cysteine-rich whey protein isolate has been clinically proven to raise GSH in several patient groups. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral supplementation with whey protein on patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

An open-labeled study of rebamipide treatment in chronic gastritis patients with dyspeptic symptoms refractory to proton pump inhibitors.

To assess the efficacy of rebamipide therapy in chronic gastritis patients with refractory dyspeptic symptoms, we enrolled 30 patients with chronic gastritis nonresponsive to the antisecretory medications, proton pump inhibitors. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed in all patients to confirm and evaluate the severity of gastritis by gastric mucosal injury score and the histology by the updated Sydney system before and after treatment with rebamipide 300 mg daily for 8 weeks. At the end of the study, significant improvement in the scores for symptoms (epigastralgia, stomach heaviness, and abdominal fullness) and endoscopic mucosal injury were observed for all patients.