Moderately high-protein enteral formula improved retinol-binding protein in tube-fed patients: A multicentre open study.

Background: Long-term inadequate dietary consumption may increase the possibility of malnutrition, morbidity and mortality. Enteral nutrition (EN) is a beneficial support that could help to maintain nutritional status and gut function.

Aim: Our aim was to evaluate the effect of moderately high-protein enteral formula containing fibre on nutritional status, and its safety.

Vitamin D status is a determinant of skeletal muscle mass in obesity according to body fat percentage.

Objectives: Vitamin D deficiency is now being recognized as an emerging problem worldwide. Obesity has been found to be associated with lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations due to various mechanisms. There is increasing evidence showing the extraskeletal health benefit of vitamin D.