PTPA localized in the Golgi apparatus plays an important role in osteoblast differentiation.

Regulatory subunits of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) define the substrate and functional specificity of the PP2A holoenzyme within specific organelles. While PP2A regulates osteoblast differentiation, the roles and localization of its regulatory subunits in osteoblasts remain unclear. Here, we identified PTPA, a PP2A regulatory protein, predominantly localized to the Golgi apparatus, closely overlapping with the Golgi marker Giantin.

-Infected Macrophage Extracellular Vesicles Cause Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease triggered by oral bacterial infection, with the bacterium being a major causative agent. The association between periodontitis and various systemic diseases has been demonstrated. Recent research has also highlighted the relationship between the aggravation of maternal periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth and low birth weight.

Outer membrane vesicles of : Novel communication tool and strategy.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as a universal method of cellular communications and are reportedly produced in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. Bacterial EVs are often called "Outer Membrane Vesicles" (OMVs) as they were the result of a controlled blebbing of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria such as (). Bacterial EVs are natural messengers, implicated in intra- and inter-species cell-to-cell communication among microorganism populations present in microbiota.

O-GlcNAcylation drives calcium signaling toward osteoblast differentiation: A bioinformatics-oriented study.

This study aimed to reveal the possible mechanisms by which O-linked-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) regulates osteoblast differentiation using a series of bioinformatics-oriented experiments. To examine the influence of O-GlcNAcylation levels on osteoblast differentiation, osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) inhibitors. Correlations between the levels of O-GlcNAcylation and the expression of osteogenic markers as well as OGT were evaluated by qPCR and western blotting.

The role of extracellular vesicles throughout normal pregnancy and in relation to oral bacteria.

Background: Recently, the relationship between the maternal oral environment and complicated pregnancies has been discussed in depth. The depletion of all bacterial flora, including oral bacteria, significantly decreased the size of the maternal placenta and suppressed fetal bone reabsorption. Furthermore, bacterial flora DNA of the host placenta has been reported to be remarkably similar to that of oral flora DNA.

[AN UNUSUAL DIAGNOSIS OF CHRONIC URTICARIA].

Cutaneous lupus is an autoimmune disease that can be represented individually or as part of the systemic disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Initial presentation of skin manifestations, such as chronic urticatia, should raise the possibility that it might be the first manifestation of an active disease, for example SLE. Despite the broad differential diagnosis of chronic urticaria, other plausible diagnosis should be ruled out with complete anamnesis that includes family background, substance exposure, new and chronic drug therapy, serological and immunological blood tests, diagnostic biopsy of the skin and imaging as needed to rule out malignancy.

Bcg and autoimmunity: another two-edged sword.

BCG immunotherapy for bladder carcinoma has been a long-standing treatment modality that has proved itself efficient and safe. Most of the side-effects of this treatment are minor and of short duration. There have been, nevertheless, several reports regarding more severe and long-term complications of BCG therapy-namely inflammatory arthritis, and occasionally systemic autoimmune manifestations.

Hypersensitivity reaction to carboplatin. Results of skin tests.

Four patients with hypersensitivity reaction to carboplatin of variable severity, after previous uneventful cisplatin and carboplatin treatment, are described. Skin testing performed in two of the patients suggests a cross-reaction with cisplatin but was negative with carboplatin in one of them. The mechanism of hypersensitivity reaction to carboplatin is poorly understood and the issue of retreatment with carboplatin is controversial.

Penetration and bactericidal activity of cefixime in synovial fluid.

The penetration of oral cefixime into the synovial fluids of 16 patients (mean age, 50.6 years) who underwent joint taps for rheumatic noninfectious disorders was examined. The patients were each given a single dose (400 mg) 2 to 24 h prior to the tap.

Patent ductus arteriosus in a 67-year-old woman: late diagnosis and surgical closure.

An atypical clinical presentation, the diagnostic procedures and a novel surgical approach are described in a 67-year-old woman with a patent ductus arteriosus.