Is it feasible to treat polycystic ovarian syndrome with or without insulin resistance using glucokinase activators as novel hypoglycaemic medications? A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: A variety of hypoglycaemic drugs are used to treat polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), but their efficacy remains insufficient. Glucokinase activators (GKAs) are a unique class of hypoglycaemic medications with emerging potential, notably in significantly reducing insulin resistance (IR). Nevertheless, the efficacy of GKAs in treating PCOS, particularly in the absence or presence of IR, remains uncertain.

Improved capacitive energy storage performance in hybrid films with ultralow aminated molybdenum trioxide integration for high-temperature applications.

Dielectric capacitors play a pivotal role in advanced high-power electrical and electronic applications, acting as essential components for electrical energy storage. The current trend towards miniaturization in electronic devices and power systems highlights the increasing demand for scalable, high-performance ultra-thin dielectric films with a high-temperature stability. While significant progress has been made in enhancing the discharged energy density () of dielectric polymers at elevated temperatures, such advancements have faced certain challenges.

Dissolving Microneedle Arrays as a Hepatitis B Vaccine Delivery System Adjuvanted by APC-Targeted Poly (Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) (PLGA) Nanoparticles.

The objective of this study is to develop a new hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) delivery system by coating soluble microneedle arrays with mannose-modified PLGA nanoparticles (MNPs). MNPs of different sizes were synthesized. The effects these nanoparticles on the maturation of dendritic cells were studied by flow cytometry.

Fiber optic sensor for nondestructive detection of microbial growth on a silk surface.

To nondestructively detect the mold growth process on silk, a coaxial concave reflection conical fiber optic sensor was developed using conical quartz fibers, fiber connectors, fiber couplers, and a plastic fixator. We established a theoretical model of this sensor and studied the influence of its structural parameters on its sensitivity, characterized the morphology of Aspergillus niger, and detected its growth process on a silk surface. A linear relationship between the sensor's output signal and the mold height was found.

Reflective fiber-optic sensor for on-line nondestructive monitoring of on the surface of cultural paper relics.

A reflective fiber-optic sensor was created to realize on-line nondestructive monitoring of the growth process of on the surface of cultural paper relics. The sensor consisted of one tapered input and six output optical fibers. The operating principle of the device was established.

Engineering of stepwise-targeting chitosan oligosaccharide conjugate for the treatment of acute kidney injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious clinical syndrome of acute renal dysfunction in a short period. One of therapeutic interventions for AKI is to reduce ROS massively generated in the mitochondria and then ameliorate cell damage and apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. In this study, stepwise-targeting chitosan oligosaccharide, triphenyl phosphine-low molecular weight chitosan-curcumin (TPP-LMWC-CUR, TLC), was constructed for sepsis-induced AKI via removing excessive ROS in renal tubular epithelial cells.

Multi-functional nanocomplex codelivery of Trp2 and R837 to activate melanoma-specific immunity.

Antigen-adjuvant combination could induce a protective and long-lasting anti-tumor immune response. However, exploiting system which could co-deliver melanoma antigen peptide Trp2 (Tyrosinase-related protein 2) and Toll-like-receptor-7 (TLR7) agonists imiquimod (R837) both are poor aqueous solubility is still challenging. Our new nanocomplex was explored for specific delivery of Trp2 and R837 into antigen-presenting cells (APCs).

Preparation and evaluation of a novel solid dispersion using leucine as carrier.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a novel formulation of oleanolic acid (OA) solid dispersion (SD), using leucine (Leu) as the carrier to improve OA oral bioavailability.

Methods: The OA-Leu SD was prepared by solvent evaporation and was evaluated in vitro using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, flowability, hygroscopicity and dissolution test. The stability of the SD was evaluated using accelerated testing.

Mannose-Modified PLGA Nanoparticles for Sustained and Targeted Delivery in Hepatitis B Virus Immunoprophylaxis.

The launched hepatitis B vaccine could induce powerful antibodies, whereas it failed to improve potent cellular immune responses due to that the Th2-type response-induced aluminum adjuvant was adopted. Here, to target antigen-presenting cells under the epidermis and induce potent cellular and humoral immune responses, mannose-modified poly D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) was synthesized and nanoparticle (MNP)-loaded hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) protein was prepared. HBsAg could be slowly released and highly presented to lymphocytes which facilitated to produce long-lasting immunity based on characters of PLGA.

Co-delivery of dihydroartemisinin and docetaxel in pH-sensitive nanoparticles for treating metastatic breast cancer the NF-κB/MMP-2 signal pathway.

Metastasis is a major barrier in cancer chemotherapy. Prolonged circulation and rapid, specific intracellular drug release are two main goals in the development of nanoscale drug delivery systems to treat metastatic breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the anti-metastasis effect of docetaxel (DTX) in combination with dihydroartemisinin (DHA) in metastatic breast cancer 4T1 cells.