Impact of Varicocele Repair on Semen Parameters in Infertile Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Despite the significant role of varicocele in the pathogenesis of male infertility, the impact of varicocele repair (VR) on conventional semen parameters remains controversial. Only a few systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) have evaluated the impact of VR on sperm concentration, total motility, and progressive motility, mostly using a before-after analytic approach. No SRMA to date has evaluated the change in conventional semen parameters after VR compared to untreated controls.

Consensus and Diversity in the Management of Varicocele for Male Infertility: Results of a Global Practice Survey and Comparison with Guidelines and Recommendations.

Purpose: Varicocele is a common problem among infertile men. Varicocele repair (VR) is frequently performed to improve semen parameters and the chances of pregnancy. However, there is a lack of consensus about the diagnosis, indications for VR and its outcomes.

A New Pathway for the Preparation of Pyrano[2,3-]pyrazoles and molecular Docking as Inhibitors of p38 MAP Kinase.

We report a new pathway to synthesize pyrano[2,3-]pyrazoles and their binding mode to p38 MAP kinase. Pyrano[2,3-]pyrazole derivatives have been prepared through a four-component reaction of benzyl alcohols, ethyl acetoacetate, phenylhydrazine, and malononitrile in the presence of sulfonated amorphous carbon and eosin Y as catalysts. All products were characterized by melting point, H and C NMR, and HRMS (ESI).

Post-Vasectomy Semen Analysis: Optimizing Laboratory Procedures and Test Interpretation through a Clinical Audit and Global Survey of Practices.

Purpose: The success of vasectomy is determined by the outcome of a post-vasectomy semen analysis (PVSA). This article describes a step-by-step procedure to perform PVSA accurately, report data from patients who underwent post vasectomy semen analysis between 2015 and 2021 experience, along with results from an international online survey on clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: We present a detailed step-by-step protocol for performing and interpretating PVSA testing, along with recommendations for proficiency testing, competency assessment for performing PVSA, and clinical and laboratory scenarios.

Antisperm Antibody Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Its Role in the Management of Immunological Male Infertility and Results of a Global Survey of Clinical Practices.

Antisperm antibodies (ASA), as a cause of male infertility, have been detected in infertile males as early as 1954. Multiple causes of ASA production have been identified, and they are due to an abnormal exposure of mature germ cells to the immune system. ASA testing (with mixed anti-globulin reaction, and immunobead binding test) was described in the WHO manual 5th edition and is most recently listed among the extended semen tests in the WHO manual 6th edition.

Efficacy of Non-Testosterone-Based Treatment in Hypogonadal Men: A Review.

Introduction: Although testosterone replacement therapy is an effective treatment for hypogonadism, there are safety concerns regarding potential cardiovascular risks and fertility preservation.

Objective: To assess the effect of selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), aromatase inhibitor, and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on total testosterone (TT) levels and hypogonadism.

Methods: We performed a systematic literature review from 1987 to 2019 via PubMed, Cochrane review, and Web of Science.

Sildenafil's impact on male infertility: what has changed in 20 years?

Sildenafil has had a dramatic influence on the field of sexual medicine over the past 20 years. Not only have phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitors improved the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED), they have indirectly contributed to the treatment of male factor infertility. A review of the literature between 1998 - 2018 was performed using PubMed with regards to sildenafil and male infertility.

Penile Stretching as a Treatment for Peyronie's Disease: A Review.

Introduction: Peyronie's disease (PD) is a debilitating condition that affects a sizable number of men worldwide. Current treatment options consist of oral therapy, intralesional injections, and surgery. Penile stretching has been used as a treatment for PD, including penile traction therapy (PTT) and vacuum erection devices (VEDs), with numerous trials completed or underway.

Pharmacodynamics of the agents used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the most common complaints encountered by the practicing urologist, particularly when treating older men. The last 20 years have represented a pivotal time in the treatment of ED. Areas covered: Several pharmacologic agents have been approved by regulatory agencies, including phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, intraurethral suppositories, and vasoactive injectable agents.

Unintended Consequences: A Review of Pharmacologically-Induced Priapism.

Background: Priapism has been linked to many commonly prescribed medications, as well as recreational drugs and toxins. Although the incidence of priapism as a result of medication is small, the increasing use of antidepressants, antipsychotics, and recreational drugs may lead to more cases of pharmacologically-induced priapism in the future.

Aim: To provide a comprehensive, up-to-date review of the most common causes of pharmacologically induced priapism and discuss incidence, pathophysiology, and basic management strategies.

Nanostructured biomedical selenium at the biological interface (Review).

This paper critically reviews the current evidence of research in biomedical applications of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and their effects at cellular and tissue levels. In recent years, interest in SeNPs as a natural trace element nanomaterial for nanomedicine has resulted in a number of studies evaluating their bioactivities, such as anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. Significant data have been generated to demonstrate the effectiveness of SeNPs alone or in combination with other reagents.

EFFECTIVE DOSE DUE TO TERRESTRIAL GAMMA RADIATION ESTIMATED IN SOUTHERN VIETNAM BY CAR-BORNE SURVEY TECHNIQUE.

Absorbed dose rates in air from natural radionuclides were measured by a car-borne survey in southern Vietnam. The mean absorbed dose rate in air for southern Vietnam, which consists of the south-east region and the Mekong River Delta region, was 64 ± 18 nGy h-1, while rates for the two regions were 61 ± 17 and 66 ± 19 nGy h-1, respectively. These dose rates were respectively 1.

Development and evaluation of a non-ribosomal random PCR and next-generation sequencing based assay for detection and sequencing of hand, foot and mouth disease pathogens.

Background: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) has become a major public health problem across the Asia-Pacific region, and is commonly caused by enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6), CV-A10 and CV-A16. Generating pathogen whole-genome sequences is essential for understanding their evolutionary biology. The frequent replacements among EV serotypes and a limited numbers of available whole-genome sequences hinder the development of overlapping PCRs for whole-genome sequencing.

Furious rabies after an atypical exposure.

Heiman Wertheim and colleagues describe the diagnosis and management of two patients who developed rabies after butchering and consuming a dog or a cat.