Endoscopic vacuum therapy for gastrointestinal transmural defects: a literature review.

Endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) has emerged as a transformative approach for managing gastrointestinal (GI) transmural defects, offering a less invasive and more promising alternative to surgery. Initially developed to address anastomotic leaks after rectal surgery, the application of EVT has expanded to include other locations within the GI tract. This review investigated the principles, indications, procedures, outcomes, challenges, and future perspectives of EVT for the management of GI transmural defects.

Association of human papillomavirus 16 and 18 with ovarian cancer risk: Insights from a meta‑analysis.

Ovarian cancer (OC) presents a global health challenge, with well-documented genetic aspects. However, to the best of our knowledge, the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 in OC remains unclear. The present meta-analysis assessed the prevalence of HPV in OC across 43 studies and included a comparative meta-analysis of 19 case-control studies to determine the association of HPV with OC risk.

The Mclust Analysis of Tumor Budding Unveils the Role of the Collagen Family in Cervical Cancer Progression.

In RNA-seq data analysis, condensing the gene count matrix size is pivotal for downstream investigations, particularly pathway analysis. For this purpose, harnessing machine learning attracts increasing interest, while conventional methodologies depend on -value comparisons. In this study, 20 tissue samples from real-world cervical cancers were subjected to sequencing, followed by the application of the Mclust algorithm to delineate an optimal cluster.

Synergistic Effect of Venetoclax and Bendamustine in Early T-cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Background/aim: To date, therapeutic options for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) remain very limited. This study evaluated the efficacy of monotherapies and combination therapies including a selective BCL-2 inhibitor for T-ALL cell lines, namely Jurkat, CCRF-CEM, and Loucy.

Materials And Methods: Loucy is an early T-precursor ALL (ETP-ALL) cell line characterized by an immature phenotype, whereas Jurkat and CCRF-CEM are late T-cell progenitor ALL (LTP-ALL) cell lines.

Heterogeneity of gut microbiome compositions in the third decade of life in Japanese women: insights from a comparative analysis.

The reasons for sex-associated gut microbiota differences have not been determined, and although sex hormones, diet, and other factors are considered to contribute to them, many of these factors are age related. To shed light on this complex interplay, our study aimed to investigate and compare the gut microbial compositions of males and females across a broad range of ages, aiming to identify sex-associated disparities and potential causal factors. Our study encompassed a comprehensive analysis of gut microbiota data obtained from 444 Japanese individuals, ranging from newborns to centenarians, sourced from the DNA Data Bank of Japan.

Circulating-tumor DNA Assessment in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma to Determine Up-front Stem Cell Transplantation: A Pilot Study.

Background/aim: This study evaluated the possibility of clinical use of circulating-tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a biomarker to determine up-front autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT) for patients with high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in practice.

Patients And Methods: To explore the dynamics of ctDNA in DLBCL, blood samples were collected sequentially before and after treatment from patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL who received rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy. To conduct ctDNA genotyping and ctDNA monitoring simultaneously, targeted sequencing by cancer personalized profiling using deep sequencing was used.

Relationship between maternal Group B Streptococcal colonization and gestational vaginal microbiome composition: A pilot study.

Purpose: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) colonization and vaginal microbiome (VMB) dysbiosis are associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. However, the role of GBS colonization in maternal VMB remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to investigate this relationship and identify additional pathogens associated with GBS colonization for potential implications in understanding their clinical significance.

Relationship between Human Papillomavirus Status and the Cervicovaginal Microbiome in Cervical Cancer.

Uterine cervical cancer (CC) is a complex, multistep disease primarily linked to persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV). However, it is widely acknowledged that HR-HPV infection alone cannot account for the formation and progression of CC. Emerging evidence suggests that the cervicovaginal microbiome (CVM) also plays a significant role in HPV-related CC.

Updates on Group B Infection in the Field of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Group B (GBS, ) is a Gram-positive bacterium that is commonly found in the gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts. However, its colonization during pregnancy is an important cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Herein, we specifically looked at GBS in relation to the field of Obstetrics (OB) along with the field of Gynecology (GY).

Immune Pathway and Gene Database (IMPAGT) Revealed the Immune Dysregulation Dynamics and Overactivation of the PI3K/Akt Pathway in Tumor Buddings of Cervical Cancer.

Tumor budding (TB) is a small cluster of malignant cells at the invasive front of a tumor. Despite being an adverse prognosis marker, little research has been conducted on the tumor immune microenvironment of tumor buddings, especially in cervical cancer. Therefore, RNA sequencing was performed using 21 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded slides of cervical tissues, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed.

Transcriptomic Immune Profiles Can Represent the Tumor Immune Microenvironment Related to the Tumor Budding Histology in Uterine Cervical Cancer.

Tumor budding (TB) histology has become a critical biomarker for several solid cancers. Despite the accumulating evidence for the association of TB histology with poor prognosis, the biological characteristics of TB are little known about in the context related to the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in uterine cervical cancer (CC). Therefore, this study aimed to identify the transcriptomic immune profiles related to TB status and further provide robust medical evidence for clinical application.