Dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol induces apoptosis in nasopharyngeal cancer cells by inducing reactive oxygen species-dependent inactivation of the PI3K/AKT pathway.

Dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol (DA), the synthetic precursor of a natural compound (austrasulfone) isolated from the coral species , has shown cytotoxic effects against cancer cells. However, it is unknown whether DA has antitumor effects on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this study, we determined the antitumor effects of DA and investigated its mechanism of action on human NPC cells.

Dehydrated Human Amnion-Chorion Membrane Extracts Can Ameliorate Interstitial Cystitis in Rats by Down-Regulating Inflammatory Cytokines and Protein Coding Genes: A Preclinical Study.

The study aimed to investigate the therapeutic impact of intravesical instillation of dehydrated human amnion-chorion membrane (HACM) extracts based on the primary pathological feature of interstitial cystitis (IC). We divided 15 female Sprague-Dawley rats into three groups: sham control, IC, and treatment group. IC was induced by 400-µL lipopolysaccharide (1 µg/µL), and it was replaced with normal saline in the sham control group.

Melioidosis-related mycotic aneurysm: Three cases.

Background: Melioidosis-related mycotic aneurysm (MA) is rare but a potentially life-threatening disease with high morbidity and mortality rate.

Case Presentation: We report a case series of mycotic aneurysm caused by and the subsequent outcomes. Here, we illustrate their clinical characteristics, laboratory results, radiological findings, mode of therapies and clinical outcomes.

Galangin ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice via modulation of cellular immunity.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) causes neurologic disabilities that effect musculature, sensory systems, and vision. This is largely due to demyelination of nerve fibers caused by chronic inflammation. Corticosteroid treatments ameliorate symptoms of MS, but do not successfully cure the disease itself.

Pterostilbene inhibits lung squamous cell carcinoma growth and by inducing S phase arrest and apoptosis.

Natural dietary components have become the subject of an increasing amount of interest due to the side effects of anticancer treatment. Pterostilbene, an analog of resveratrol, is primarily found in grapes, and has been suggested to exert antioxidant and anticancer effects in different tumor types. The present study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects and molecular mechanisms of pterostilbene in the human lung squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) cell line, H520.

Myeloid Zinc Finger 1 (MZF1) Maintains the Mesenchymal Phenotype by Down-regulating IGF1R/p38 MAPK/ERα Signaling Pathway in High-level MZF1-expressing TNBC cells.

Background/aim: Signaling regulation of myeloid zinc finger 1 (MZF1) has been implicated in the progression of many human malignancies; however, the mechanistic action of MZF1 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) progression remains elusive. In this study, the aim was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of MZF1 and its functional role in TNBC cellular migration and invasion.

Materials And Methods: Hs578T and MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected to stably express the acidic domain of MZF1 (MZF1), or were transfected with MZF1-specific or ELK1-specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA).

Sinensetin induces apoptosis and autophagy in the treatment of human T-cell lymphoma.

The present study was carried out to explore the effect of sinensetin in human T-cell lymphoma Jurkat cells and to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that sinensetin significantly impeded Jurkat cell proliferation in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Additionally, sinensetin treatment triggered apoptosis and autophagy in Jurkat cells.

Synergistic Anticancer Effect of a Combination of Paclitaxel and 5-Demethylnobiletin Against Lung Cancer Cell Line In Vitro and In Vivo.

Lung cancer remains a highly prevalent disease and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Currently, exploring antitumor drugs derived from herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine is increasingly becoming an attractive area of research. Paclitaxel (PTX), a highly effective chemotherapeutic drug, is widely used for treating different cancers; however, the clinical use of PTX is dose limited because of its adverse side effects.

Metronomic chemotherapy prevents therapy-induced stromal activation and induction of tumor-initiating cells.

Although traditional chemotherapy kills a fraction of tumor cells, it also activates the stroma and can promote the growth and survival of residual cancer cells to foster tumor recurrence and metastasis. Accordingly, overcoming the host response induced by chemotherapy could substantially improve therapeutic outcome and patient survival. In this study, resistance to treatment and metastasis has been attributed to expansion of stem-like tumor-initiating cells (TICs).

Tangeretin derivative, 5-acetyloxy-6,7,8,4'-tetramethoxyflavone induces G2/M arrest, apoptosis and autophagy in human non-small cell lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.

Tangeretin, a major phytochemicals in tangerine peels--an important Chinese herb, has been found to have anti-carcinogenic properties. To improve bioavailability and increase potency of tangeretin, its derivative, 5-acetyloxy-6,7,8,4'-tetramethoxyflavone (5-AcTMF), has been synthesized and shown potent inhibition of proliferation activity against human breast and leukemia cancer cell lines. In this study, we have further investigated the anticancer effects of 5-AcTMF on CL1-5 non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC) both in vitro and in vivo and demonstrated that 5-AcTMF effectively inhibited cancer cell proliferation, induced G2/M-phase arrest associated with cdc2 and CDC25c and increased in the apoptotic cells associated with caspase activation, down regulation of Bcl-2, XIAP and Survivn, inducing release of cytochrome c into the cytosol and disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential.

5-demethylnobiletin promotes the formation of polymerized tubulin, leads to G2/M phase arrest and induces autophagy via JNK activation in human lung cancer cells.

5-Demethylnobiletin is a hydroxylated polymethoxyflavone found in citrus plants that shows antiproliferative activities in several cancer cell lines. In this study, we investigated the effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of 5-demethylnobiletin on inhibition of cell growth, apoptosis, cell cycle and autophagy in A549 and CL1-5 lung cancer cells. The results of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay suggested that 5-demethylnobiletin inhibited cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

Induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) enzymatic activity contributes to interferon-gamma induced apoptosis and death receptor 5 expression in human non-small cell lung cancer cells.

Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) has been used to treat various malignant tumors. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the direct anti-proliferative activity of IFN-γ are poorly understood. In the present study, we examined the in vitro antitumor activity of IFN-γ on two human non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell lines, H322M and H226.

Pneumatosis intestinalis and pneumoperitoneum on computed tomography: Beware of non-therapeutic laparotomy.

Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is defined as gas within the gastrointestinal wall and is associated with a variety of disorders. As a concurrent occurrence with pneumoperitoneum, it can easily to be mistaken for bowel ischemia with perforated peritonitis. In fact, air dissection or rupture from subserosal cysts may be the cause of intraperitoneal and intraluminal free air, with clinical symptoms such as abdominal pain and fullness occurring as a result.