Dynamics of structural relaxation of stilbene 3 in solution, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide micelle, and bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate reverse micelle.

The relaxation dynamics of the excited states of stilbene 3 in various solvents, confined environment cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micelle, and water/bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT)/hexane reverse micelle are investigated. In the time-resolved decay curves of fluorescence measured in solution at excitation wavelength 256 or 266 nm, stilbene 3 underwent initially an ultrafast internal conversion to the S2 state or was directly excited at the S2 then via a conformational relaxation with time constant 1.1-4.

Comparative height crown allometry and mechanical design in 22 tree species of Kuala Belalong rainforest, Brunei, Borneo.

In rainforests, trunk size, strength, crown position, and geometry of a tree affect light interception and the likelihood of mechanical failure. Allometric relationships of tree diameter, wood density, and crown architecture vs. height are described for a diverse range of rainforest trees in Brunei, northern Borneo.