Growth and protein response of rice plant with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria inoculations under salt stress conditions.

Soil salinity has been one of the significant barriers to improving rice production and quality. According to reports, Bacillus spp. can be utilized to boost plant development in saline soil, although the molecular mechanisms behind the interaction of microbes towards salt stress are not fully known.

Survival of beneficial microbes in liquid bioformulation and optimization of different carrier materials using RSM technique.

Soil salinity in rice cultivation areas is considered a severely limiting factor that adversely affects the quantity and quality of rice production in wetlands. Recently, the alternative use of salt-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) inhabiting extreme saline conditions has gained remarkable attention and had positive effects on soil and crops. Therefore, a study has been initiated to develop a liquid biofertilizer formulation from locally isolated multi-strain salt-tolerant PGPR strains such as Bacillus tequilensis and Bacillus aryabhattai, using glycerol (5 mM), trehalose (10 mM), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) at 1% as additives to prolong the shelf-life of the bacteria.

Effects of Phage Cocktail, Probiotics, and Their Combination on Growth Performance and Gut Microbiota of Broiler Chickens.

Phages, which are often used therapeutically, have begun to receive interest as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) for enhancing chicken growth. Another option that has been extensively studied as a growth promoter in chickens is probiotics. To the best of our knowledge, there is currently no study available on the use of phages and probiotics in combination as potential feed additives for broiler chickens.

Isolation and Characterization of Novel Phages Targeting Culprit of Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease in Rice.

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease caused 80% of disease incidence in paddy in Kedah and Selangor states of Malaysia. The pathogenic bacterium, pv. (), is one of the destructive pathogens infecting lowland irrigated and rainfed paddy in Asia's tropical and temperate environments.

Proteomic analysis revealed the biofilm-degradation abilities of the bacteriophage UPMK_1 and UPMK_2 against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Objective: The degradation activity of two bacteriophages UPMK_1 and UPMK_2 against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus phages were examined using gel zymography.

Methods: The analysis was done using BLASTP to detect peptides catalytic domains. Many peptides that are related to several phage proteins were revealed.

First Report of Fusarium equiseti, Causing Fruit Rot Disease of Watermelon in Malaysia.

Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) accounts for almost 13% of all tropical fresh fruit production in Malaysia. They are grown, mostly in Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Pahang, and Terengganu areas of Malaysia on 10,406 ha and yielding 172,722 Mt. In 2019, a new fruit rot disease was observed in two major production areas in Peninsular Malaysia.

First Report of Fusarium wilt disease on Watermelon Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (FON) in Malaysia.

Fusarium wilt disease incited by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (FON) is the utmost devastating soil-inhabiting fungal pathogen limiting watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) production in Malaysia and globally.

Klebsiella virus UPM2146 lyses multiple drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in vitro and in vivo.

Klebsiella pneumoniae are opportunistic bacteria found in the gut. In recent years they have been associated with nosocomial infections. The increased incidence of multiple drug-resistant K.

Genomic analyses of two novel biofilm-degrading methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus phages.

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilm producers represent an important etiological agent of many chronic human infections. Antibiotics and host immune responses are largely ineffective against bacteria within biofilms. Alternative actions and novel antimicrobials should be considered.

Methicillin-Resistant Biofilms and Their Influence on Bacterial Adhesion and Cohesion.

Twenty-five methicillin-resistant (MRSA) isolates were characterized by staphylococcal protein A gene typing and the ability to form biofilms. The presence of exopolysaccharides, proteins, and extracellular DNA and RNA in biofilms was assessed by a dispersal assay. In addition, cell adhesion to surfaces and cell cohesion were evaluated using the packed-bead method and mechanical disruption, respectively.

A phage-displayed single chain variable fragment that interacts with hepatitis B core antigen: library construction, selection and diagnosis.

Background: Phage display is an alternative method for constructing and selecting antibodies with desired specificity towards an antigen.

Objectives: To construct a library of single chain variable fragment (ScFv) towards hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg). To isolate a ScFv phage clone that interacts with HBcAg and to develop a phage-ELISA for detecting the antigen.

Antigenicity and immunogenicity of the immunodominant region of hepatitis B surface antigen displayed on bacteriophage T7.

The immunodominant region of hepatitis B virus (HBV) located in the viral small surface antigen (S-HBsAg) elicits virus-neutralizing and protective antibodies. In order to develop an easy and inexpensive method to produce this region without the need for extensive purification, amino acid residues 111-156 of S-HBsAg were fused to the C-terminal end of the 10B capsid protein of T7 phage. Western blotting and ELISA confirmed the expression of the recombinant protein on the surface of the phage particles.

A phage-displayed cyclic peptide that interacts tightly with the immunodominant region of hepatitis B surface antigen.

The surface antigen (HBsAg) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is highly conformational and generally evokes protective humoral immune response in human. A disulfide constrained random heptapeptide library displayed on the coat protein III of filamentous bacteriophage M13 was employed to select specific ligands that interact with HBsAg subtype ad. Fusion phages carrying the amino acid sequence ETGAKPH and other related sequences were isolated.