MRI findings correlate with difficult dissection during proximal hamstring repair and with postoperative sciatica.

Objective: This study examines the correlation between MRI findings and difficult dissection during proximal primary hamstring repair and postoperative sciatica.

Materials And Methods: A total of 32 cases of surgically repaired hamstring tendon tears that underwent preoperative and postoperative MRI were divided into sciatica (n = 12) and control (n = 20) groups based on the presence or absence of postoperative sciatica. Cases were scored by two blinded musculoskeletal radiologists for imaging features associated with difficult surgical dissection and the development of subsequent sciatica.

Harnessing Big Data in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Machine Learning Applications for Clinical Practice and Pharmaceutical Trials.

The arrival of genotype-specific therapies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) signals the dawn of precision medicine in motor neuron diseases (MNDs). After decades of academic studies in ALS, we are now witnessing tangible clinical advances. An ever increasing number of well-designed descriptive studies have been published in recent years, characterizing typical disease-burden patterns and .

Evidence Guiding Commercial Payer Coverage Criteria for Total Ankle Arthroplasty.

Background: Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA), first developed as an alternative to ankle arthrodesis, has become an increasingly popular management option for end-stage ankle arthritis. Prior studies have shown commercial insurance payers base their coverage criteria on limited and low level of evidence research. This study aims to quantify and describe the evidence insurance companies use to support TAA coverage policies.

Forward-predictive SERS-based chemical taxonomy for untargeted structural elucidation of epimeric cerebrosides.

Achieving untargeted chemical identification, isomeric differentiation, and quantification is critical to most scientific and technological problems but remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate an integrated SERS-based chemical taxonomy machine learning framework for untargeted structural elucidation of 11 epimeric cerebrosides, attaining >90% accuracy and robust single epimer and multiplex quantification with <10% errors. First, we utilize 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid to selectively capture the epimers at molecular sites of isomerism to form epimer-specific SERS fingerprints.

Cognitive remediation for schizophrenia: Clinician perspectives on implementation barriers and facilitators.

Objectives: Neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia have a major impact on functioning; however, they remain poorly targeted by available treatment offerings. Cognitive remediation (CR) is effective in improving neurocognition and functioning. Despite clinical guidelines for schizophrenia recommending CR, it is still not readily available in clinical services and sizeable attrition rates are reported in clinical trials.

Intravenous Hydration and Associated Outcomes in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease Admitted With Vaso-Occlusive Crises: A Systematic Review.

Acute painful vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) is the common presentation of sickle cell disease (SCD) leading to emergency room visits, admissions, morbidity, mortality, and negative impacts on quality of life. Among various treatment approaches commonly employed to manage the condition, intravenous (IV) hydration is also frequently used in emergency and inpatient settings. Although helpful to overcome dehydration, IV hydration often leads to adverse outcomes like fluid overload, pulmonary edema, increased length of stay, transfer to intensive care unit, new oxygen requirement, etc.

SIRT4 loss reprograms intestinal nucleotide metabolism to support proliferation following perturbation of homeostasis.

The intestine is a highly metabolic tissue, but the metabolic programs that influence intestinal crypt proliferation, differentiation, and regeneration are still emerging. Here, we investigate how mitochondrial sirtuin 4 (SIRT4) affects intestinal homeostasis. Intestinal SIRT4 loss promotes cell proliferation in the intestine following ionizing radiation (IR).

Stenting as bridge to surgery versus upfront emergency resection for non-metastatic left sided obstructing colorectal cancer: risk of peritoneal recurrence and long-term outcomes.

Background: Oncological outcomes of stenting as a bridge to surgery (SBTS) remain a major concern, despite perioperative benefits it offers. This study aims to evaluate the differences in recurrence patterns and survival in patients with non-metastatic, obstructing left sided colon cancers treated by SBTS versus upfront emergency surgery (ES).

Methods: This is a retrospective, single-centre cohort study of 227 consecutive patients with non-metastatic, obstructing left sided colon cancer between 2007 and 2016.

WWP2 Regulates Renal Fibrosis and the Metabolic Reprogramming of Profibrotic Myofibroblasts.

Key Points: WWP2 expression is elevated in the tubulointerstitium of fibrotic kidneys and contributes to CKD pathogenesis and progression. WWP2 uncouples the profibrotic activation and cell proliferation in renal myofibroblasts. WWP2 controls mitochondrial respiration in renal myofibroblasts through the metabolic regulator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha.

Using heart rate variability to develop a predictive model for post-operative cardiovascular complications following major abdominal surgery: A pilot study.

Background: Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a dynamic reflection of heart rhythm regulation by various physiological inputs. HRV deviations have been found to correlate with clinical outcomes in patients under physiological stresses. Perioperative cardiovascular complications occur in up to 5% of adult patients undergoing abdominal surgery and are associated with significantly increased mortality.

Prevalence and prognostic significance of cardiac autonomic neuropathy in community-based people with type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase II.

Background: There is a paucity of contemporary data on the prevalence and prognostic significance of cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) from community-based cohorts with type 2 diabetes assessed using gold standard methods. The aim of this study was to assess these aspects of CAN in the longitudinal observational Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase II (FDS2).

Methods: FDS2 participants were screened at baseline using standardised cardiovascular reflex tests (CARTs) of heart rate variation during deep breathing, Valsalva manoeuvre and standing.

Navigating Confidentiality Dilemmas in Student Support: An Institutional Ethnography Informed Study.

Introduction: School-level student support programmes provide students with pastoral care and support for academic, wellbeing and other issues often via a personal tutor (PT). PT work is a balancing act between respecting the confidential information divulged by students and doing what is expected in terms of accountability and duty of care. We aimed to explore how tutors manage this tension, with the aim of advancing understanding of student support programmes.

The cholesterol biosynthesis enzyme FAXDC2 couples Wnt/β-catenin to RTK/MAPK signaling.

Wnts, cholesterol, and MAPK signaling are essential for development and adult homeostasis. Here, we report that fatty acid hydroxylase domain containing 2 (FAXDC2), a previously uncharacterized enzyme, functions as a methyl sterol oxidase catalyzing C4 demethylation in the Kandutsch-Russell branch of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. FAXDC2, a paralog of MSMO1, regulated the abundance of the specific C4-methyl sterols lophenol and dihydro-T-MAS.

Four-Point Impedance: A Potential Biomarker for Residual Hearing After Cochlear Implantation.

Introduction: Preservation of residual hearing after cochlear implantation allows for electroacoustic stimulation, which leads to better music appreciation, noise localization, and speech comprehension in noisy environments. Real-time intraoperative electrocochleography (rt-ECochG) monitoring has shown promise in improving residual hearing rates. Four-point impedance (4PI) is being explored as a potential biomarker in cochlear implantation that has been associated with fibrotic tissue response, hearing loss, and dizziness.

Deep-learning reconstructed lumbar spine 3D MRI for surgical planning: pedicle screw placement and geometric measurements compared to CT.

Purpose: To test equivalency of deep-learning 3D lumbar spine MRI with "CT-like" contrast to CT for virtual pedicle screw planning and geometric measurements in robotic-navigated spinal surgery.

Methods: Between December 2021 and June 2022, 16 patients referred for spinal fusion and decompression surgery with pre-operative CT and 3D MRI were retrospectively assessed. Pedicle screws were virtually placed on lumbar (L1-L5) and sacral (S1) vertebrae by three spine surgeons, and metrics (lateral deviation, axial/sagittal angles) were collected.

Burden of depressive disorders in Vietnam from 1990 to 2019: A secondary analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Depressive disorders are among the leading causes of disability globally. However, information on the burden of depressive disorders in Vietnam is limited. We aimed to analyse the burden of depressive disorders in Vietnam from 1990 to 2019.

The impact of maternal health on child's health outcomes during the first five years of child's life in countries with health systems similar to Australia: A systematic review.

Introduction: The first five years of life is an important developmental period that establishes the foundation for future health and well-being. Mothers play a primary role in providing emotional and physical nourishment during early childhood. This systematic review aims to explore the association between maternal health and child health in the first five years of the child's life.

Comparing feature selection and machine learning approaches for predicting methylation from genetic variation.

Introduction: Pharmacogenetics currently supports clinical decision-making on the basis of a limited number of variants in a few genes and may benefit paediatric prescribing where there is a need for more precise dosing. Integrating genomic information such as methylation into pharmacogenetic models holds the potential to improve their accuracy and consequently prescribing decisions. Cytochrome P450 2D6 () is a highly polymorphic gene conventionally associated with the metabolism of commonly used drugs and endogenous substrates.

Novel and recurrent variants in PAX6 in four patients with ocular phenotypes from Southeast Asia.

Aniridia is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by the complete or partial absence of the iris, often with additional presentations such as foveal hypoplasia, nystagmus, cataract, glaucoma and other ocular abnormalities. Most cases are caused by heterozygous mutations in the paired box 6 gene (PAX6), which codes for a transcription factor that regulates eye development. Four patients from our hospital who presented with ocular phenotypes were recruited for research sequencing with informed consent.