Subwavelength grating couplers for an ultrathin silicon waveguide.

Subwavelength grating structures are widely used in integrated optical devices due to their compact footprints and flexible refractive index tailoring. In this paper, we present a subwavelength grating (SWG) coupler for a 70-nm-thick silicon waveguide without the upper cladding. The device was designed by using a particle swarm optimization algorithm in 3D finite-difference time-domain simulation.

Concurrent Descemet Stripping Only With Excision of Iris Pigment Epithelial Cysts.

Purpose: To describe a case of bilateral large iris pigment epithelial (IPE) cysts causing corneal endothelial dysfunction that was successfully managed with a surgical cyst excision combined with Descemet stripping only (DSO) procedure followed by postoperative rho kinase inhibitor (ROCK-I) administration.

Methods: Case report.

Results: A 27-year-old woman presented with bilateral large IPE cysts adhering to the corneal endothelium, causing endothelial dysfunction with overlying corneal edema.

Exploring the role and mechanisms of the gene in .

In the realm of aspergillosis, a critical concern for immunocompromised patients facing , effective management hinges on understanding fungal growth, stress resistance, and response to antifungal treatments. Our study investigates the crucial role of fungal plasma membrane proton ATPase (PMA) in nutrient absorption, intertwined with growth and antifungal susceptibility. We employed a high-throughput knockout method to create the PMA gene knockout mutant, Δ, in , alongside a complementation strain.

S-scheme BiMoO/BiOBr heterostructure for effective removal of dye: synergistic mechanism insight of adsorption-photocatalysis.

The S-scheme BiMoO/BiOBr honeycomb heterostructure has been constructed by solvothermal method. The removal ability of dye and the synergistic effect of adsorption-photocatalysis were investigated. The optimal sample BMO/BOB-2 can remove 99.

Uranium's hazardous effects on humans and recent developments in treatment.

Uranium, a naturally occurring element, is predominantly recognized for its role as fuel in both civilian and military energy sectors. Concerns have been raised regarding the adverse environmental impacts and health risks associated with uranium mining due to the exposure it causes. Such exposure leads to systemic toxicity, affecting pulmonary, hepatic, renal, reproductive, neurological, and bone health.

Comorbid cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative burden in mild behavioral impairment and their impact on clinical trajectory.

Aim: Mild behavioral impairment (MBI) is a neurobehavioral prodrome to dementia with multiple phenotypic characteristics. To investigate the complex neurobiological substrate underlying MBI, we evaluated its association with a composite magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based measure of concomitant cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) and neurodegeneration; and the interaction effects of MBI and MRI scores on cognitive and clinical trajectory.

Methods: 253 dementia-free participants (mean age=71.

Preparation and Photocatalytic Degradation Performance of C@CdMnS to Tetracycline Hydrochloride.

CdMnS solid solutions were synthesized by incorporating Mn into CdS and the optimal ratio of Mn to Cd was explored via photocatalytic degradation performance for tetracycline (TC). Subsequently, the composite catalyst C@CdMnS was prepared by loading CdMnS onto the biomass gasification carbon residue (C) by hydrothermal method and characterized by various characterization tests. The optimal TC photodegradation condition and degradation mechanism catalyzed by C@CdMnS was investigated.

Innovative care models: Expanding nurses' and optometrists' roles in ophthalmology.

The expanding demands of healthcare necessitate novel methods of increasing the supply of trained professionals to enhance the delivery of care services. One means of doing so is to expand allied health professionals' scope of practice. This paper explores the ethics of two examples of such expansion in ophthalmology, comparing the widely accepted practice of nurses administering intravitreal injections and the relatively less prevalent optometrists functioning as physician extenders.

Comparison between Phacoemulsification-iStent Inject W and Phacoemulsification-Micropulse Transscleral Laser Therapy in Asian Eyes with Mild-Moderate Open Angle Glaucoma.

Prcis: In this retrospective cohort study, the 1-year cumulative probability of failure was comparable, achieving 52.20% in the phacoemulsification-iStent inject W (phaco/iStent) group and 47.80% in the phacoemulsification-micropulse transscleral laser therapy (phaco/MPTLT) group (P=0.

Regulating the delocalization of Bi 6p orbital by halide doping in BiOCl for excellent photocatalytic performance.

Activation of inert molecules and stabilization of intermediates during photocatalytic reactions in Bi-based photocatalysts can be achieved by shifting the band center of Bi 6p orbital but the underlying mechanism requires further investigation. Herein, halogen-doping BiOCl photocatalysts were synthesized using a simple solvothermal method and experimental results showed that BiOClBr and BiOClI photocatalysts not only achieved a maximum CO evolution rate of 270 and 227 µL·g·h with a high selectivity of 97 %, but also effectively removed environmental pollutants. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate that halogen-doping shifted the band center of the Bi 6p orbital in BiOCl towards the Fermi level, leading to the delocalization of the Bi 6p orbital.

Realizing Broad Color Tunability and Enhanced Thermal Stability via Energy Transfer in Ce, Eu-Codoped Ca-α-Sialon Phosphors.

Luminescent properties of phosphors can be modified and improved by constructing energy transfer. In this article, a series of Ce- and/or Eu-doped Ca-α-sialon phosphors were synthesized through the traditional solid-state reaction method. The construction of an efficient energy transfer enables the modulation of a wide range of light colors, thereby facilitating a gradual color change from blue-green (0.

Transient inhibition of type I interferon enhances CD8+ T cell stemness and vaccine protection.

Developing vaccines that promote CD8+ T cell memory is a challenge for infectious disease and cancer immunotherapy. TCF-1+ stem cell-like memory CD8+ T (TSCM) cells are important determinants of long-lived memory. Yet, the developmental requirements for TSCM cell formation are unclear.

Proximal small intestinal bypass outperforms Roux-en-Y and jejunoileal bypass in glucose regulation in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

Background: The efficacy of various bariatric surgeries varies in reducing blood glucose levels. Given the distinct mechanisms and anatomical alterations associated with each procedure, it is crucial to compare their glycemic control outcomes. We hypothesize that proximal small intestinal bypass (PSIB) is superior in blood glucose reduction over Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and jejunoileal bypass (JIB).

Gene Variants Predispose Individuals to Tetralogy of Fallot.

Unlabelled: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart malformation. While a few susceptibility genes for TOF have been identified, research on the genetic basis of TOF is limited. The () gene encodes the macrophage-stimulating protein receptor with tyrosine phosphatase activity that is involved in immune defense.

3D spatial transcriptomics reveals the molecular domain structure of the mouse olfactory bulb.

A core organizing principle of the vertebrate brain is its symmetry along multiple axes. However, the structure of these axes, and the precision with which neurons, circuit modules, and brain regions align to them, remain poorly understood. Here, we used 3D spatial transcriptomics to reconstruct the anatomical and molecular organization of the mouse olfactory bulb.

Effects of Drug Therapy on T Lymphocyte Subsets and the Associations of These Subsets with Recurrent Chronic Bronchitis Attacks.

Background: We evaluated the effects of drug therapy on T lymphocyte subsets and their associations with recurrent chronic bronchitis (CB) attacks.

Methods: A total of 162 CB patients treated from April 2020 to April 2021 were selected. All patients underwent anti-infective, cough-relieving, and phlegm-eliminating treatment, as detailed in Clinical Pathway for Chronic Bronchitis.

Temporal Changes in Alzheimer's Disease-Related Biomarkers in the CSF of Cognitively Normal Subjects at Different Ages: The Chongqing Ageing and Dementia Study.

Revealing the temporal evolution of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers during aging is critical to understanding disease pathogenesis and developing early diagnoses and interventions for Alzheimer's disease (AD). CSF was obtained from 549 cognitively normal subjects between 18 and 93 years of age. 12 AD-related biomarkers were evaluated, including amyloid β (Aβ42, Aβ40, Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio), hyperphosphorylated tau (P-tau), neuronal injury/degeneration (T-tau, NFL, NSE, H-FABP, VILIP-1), neuroinflammation biomarkers (YKL-40, TREM2), and α-synuclein (α-synuclein).

The function of microRNA related to cancer-associated fibroblasts in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignant tumor characterized by a poor prognosis. A prominent feature of PDAC is the rich and dense stroma present in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which significantly hinders drug penetration. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), activated fibroblasts originating from various cell sources, including pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), play a critical role in PDAC progression and TME formation.

Energy dashboard: post-operative insights into electrosurgical device use.

Background: This study presents a post-operative energy dashboard to teach surgeons about electrosurgical device use. By analyzing the energy generator, we aim to add new information to the current assessment of surgical skills. This study evaluated how such a dashboard can provide insight into differences in electrosurgery application.

Virtual Health Care Encounters for Lung Cancer Screening in a Safety-Net Population: Observations From the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted normal mechanisms of health care delivery and facilitated the rapid and widespread implementation of telehealth technology. As a result, the effectiveness of virtual health care visits in diverse populations represents an important consideration. We used lung cancer screening as a prototype to determine whether subsequent adherence differs between virtual and in-person encounters in an urban, safety-net health care system.

Analysis of Factors Influencing the Willingness of Chinese Older Adults to Use mHealth Devices: Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Background: In addition to standard older adult care services, mobile medical devices have proved to be an effective tool for controlling the health of older adults. However, little is known about the variables driving the acceptance of these gadgets and the willingness of older adults in China to use them.

Objective: This study aims to explore the factors that affect the use of mobile health (mHealth) devices by older adults in China, focusing on individual, social, and family influences.

Treatment of Multiple Myeloma in Patients Refractory to Daratumumab/Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibodies: A Systematic Review.

Background: There is a lack of clear guidance on the appropriate next choice of therapy for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma who become refractory to daratumumab, an anti-CD38 antibody. This review aims to identify and compare treatments with published clinical trial evidence among patients with daratumumab-refractory multiple myeloma.

Methods: MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and EMBASE databases were searched for clinical trials that evaluated treatments for patients with multiple myeloma who were refractory to daratumumab from November 2015 to October 2023.

The genus : a fascinating resource for medicinal and botanical studies.

The genus , comprising a series of distinctive medicinal plants, has been utilized globally for its therapeutic properties over centuries. Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that secondary metabolites from species exhibit significant pharmacological activities, including anticancer, hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and other effects. Additionally, the unique morphological traits and large genome size of species have continuously captured the interest of botanists and horticulturalists.

A Comprehensive Review of Anode Materials in Rechargeable Calcium-Ion Batteries.

Recently, rechargeable calcium-ion batteries (CIB) have been investigated extensively due to their safety, environmental friendliness, abundant storage capacity, low cost, and their energy density and power density characteristics. This paper presents a systematic review of recent research advancements in anode materials, including alloys, organic materials, carbon-based materials, and transition metal oxide. First, the basic properties of CIBs and the challenges associated with anode materials are described.

Influences of synoptic circulations on regional transport, local accumulation and chemical transformation for PM heavy pollution over Twain-Hu Basin, central China.

The Twain-Hu Basin (THB), located in Central China, serves as a key juncture where the northerly "polluted" airflows of the East Asian winter monsoon meet the southerly warm and humid airflows. Using the T-PCA (T-mode Principal Component Analysis) objective synoptic pattern classification, Flexible Particle-Weather Research and Forecasting (FLEXPART-WRF) model, and Random Forest model, we investigate the influences of synoptic circulations on regional transport, local accumulation, and chemical transformation of PM during heavy air pollution over the THB in January of 2015-2022. The results show that the transport-type synoptic pattern accounts for 65.