Phage-liposome nanoconjugates for orthopedic biofilm eradication.

Infection by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria has become one of the biggest threats to public health worldwide. One reason for the difficulty in treatment is the lack of proper delivery strategies into MDR bacterial biofilms, where the thick extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) layer impedes the penetration of antibiotics and nanoparticles. Here, we propose a novel bioactive nanoconjugate of drug-loaded liposomes and bacteriophages for targeted eradication of the MDR biofilms in orthopedic infections.

Photocatalytic Quantum Dot-Armed Bacteriophage for Combating Drug-Resistant Bacterial Infection.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infection is one of the greatest challenges to public health, a crisis demanding the next generation of highly effective antibacterial agents to specifically target MDR bacteria. Herein, a novel photocatalytic quantum dot (QD)-armed bacteriophage (QD@Phage) is reported for combating green fluorescent protein-expressing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (GFP-P. aeruginosa) infection.

Bacteriophage therapy as a treatment option for complex cardiovascular implant infection: The German Heart Center Berlin experience.

Conventional antimicrobials have low or no activity against multidrug-resistant or chronic implant-associated infections. Lytic bacteriophages can rapidly and selectively kill bacteria, and can be combined with antibiotics. However, clinical experience of bacteriophage therapy in patients with cardiovascular infections is limited.

Evaluation of Staphylococcal Bacteriophage Sb-1 as an Adjunctive Agent to Antibiotics Against Rifampin-Resistant Biofilms.

Rifampin plays a crucial role in the treatment of staphylococcal implant-associated infection, as it is the only antibiotic capable of eradicating biofilms. However, the emergence of rifampin resistance strongly limits its use. Combinatorial therapy of antibiotics and bacteriophages may represent a strategy to overcome the resistance.

Adjunctive Use of Phage Sb-1 in Antibiotics Enhances Inhibitory Biofilm Growth Activity versus Rifampin-Resistant Strains.

Effective antimicrobials are crucial for managing implant-associated bone infections (IABIs), particularly for infections due to rifampin-resistant (RRSA). Failure to remove the implant results in persistent infection; thus, prolonged suppressive antibiotic therapy may be a reasonable alternative. However, a high incidence of adverse events can necessitate the discontinuation of therapy.

Bacteriophage-antibiotic combinations against ciprofloxacin/ceftriaxone-resistant Escherichia coli in vitro and in an experimental Galleria mellonella model.

Escherichia coli is the most common cause of Gram-negative prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) and ciprofloxacin is the first-line antibiofilm antibiotic. Due to the emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance, management of E. coli PJIs has become challenging and is associated with high treatment failure rates.

Using Bacteriophages as a Trojan Horse to the Killing of Dual-Species Biofilm Formed by and Methicillin Resistant .

and are pathogens able to colonize surfaces and form together a mixed biofilm. Dual-species biofilms are significantly more resistant to antimicrobials than a monomicrobial community, leading to treatment failure. Due to their rapid bactericidal activity, the self-amplification ability and the biofilm degrading properties, bacteriophages represent a promising therapeutic option in fighting biofilm-related infections.

Antibacterial Efficacy of Two Commercially Available Bacteriophage Formulations, Staphylococcal Bacteriophage and PYO Bacteriophage, Against Methicillin-Resistant : Prevention and Eradication of Biofilm Formation and Control of a Systemic Infection of Larvae.

Sessile bacteria growing on surfaces are more resistant to standard antibiotics than their planktonic counterpart. Due to their antimicrobial properties, bacteriophages have re-emerged as a promising approach to treat bacterial biofilm-associated infections. Here, we evaluated the ability of two commercially available phage formulations, Staphylococcal bacteriophage (containing the monophage Sb-1) and PYO bacteriophage (a polyphage), in preventing and eradicating an biofilm of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) by isothermal microcalorimetry and high-resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).

Synergistic Activity of Fosfomycin, Ciprofloxacin, and Gentamicin Against and Biofilms.

Gram-negative (GN) rods cause about 10% periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) and represent an increasing challenge due to emergence of antimicrobial resistance. and are among the most common cause of GN-PJI and ciprofloxacin is the first-line antibiotic. Due to emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance, we evaluated the activity of fosfomycin, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin, alone and in combinations, against and biofilms.

Bacteriophages as Adjuvant to Antibiotics for the Treatment of Periprosthetic Joint Infection Caused by Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

We documented the adjunctive bacteriophage therapy to treat a chronic relapsing periprosthetic joint infection of the knee and chronic osteomyelitis of the femur caused by multidrug-resistant The combined antibiotic-phage treatment eradicated the infection, and no side effects to phages were observed.

Real-Time Antimicrobial Susceptibility Assay of Planktonic and Biofilm Bacteria by Isothermal Microcalorimetry.

Most antimicrobials currently used in the clinical practice are tested as growth inhibitors against free-floating microorganisms in a liquid suspension, rather than against sessile cells constituting biofilms. Hence, reliable, fast, and reproducible methods for assessing biofilm susceptibility to antimicrobials are strongly needed. Isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC) is a nondestructive sensitive technique that allows for the real-time monitoring of microbial viability in the presence or absence of antimicrobial compounds.

Bacteriophage Sb-1 enhances antibiotic activity against biofilm, degrades exopolysaccharide matrix and targets persisters of Staphylococcus aureus.

Most antibiotics have limited or no activity against bacterial biofilms, whereas bacteriophages can eradicate biofilms. We evaluated whether Staphylococcus aureus-specific bacteriophage Sb-1 could eradicate biofilm, both alone and in combination with different classes of antibiotics, degrade the extracellular matrix and target persister cells. Biofilm of methicillin-resistant S.

Real-time assessment of bacteriophage T3-derived antimicrobial activity against planktonic and biofilm-embedded Escherichia coli by isothermal microcalorimetry.

Bacterial biofilms, highly resistant to the conventional antimicrobial therapy, remain an unresolved challenge pressing the medical community to investigate new and alternative strategies to fight chronic implant-associated infections. Recently, strictly lytic bacteriophages have been revalued as powerful agents to kill antibiotic-resistant bacteria even in biofilm. Here, the interaction of T3 bacteriophage and planktonic and biofilm Escherichia coli TG1, respectively, was evaluated using isothermal microcalorimetry.