mcTFI QSM MRI ABC/2 intracranial hemorrhage to noncontrast head CT volume measurement equivalence.

Background/objectives: Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) volume assessment is an important part of patient management and is routinely obtained by non-contrast head CT (NCHCT) using the validated ABC/2 measurement method. Because conventional MRI imaging sequences demonstrate variability in ICH appearance, volumetric analyses for MRI bleed volume in a standardized manner using ABC/2 is not possible. The recently introduced multiecho-complex total field inversion quantitative susceptibility mapping (mcTFI QSM) MRI technique, which maps brain tissue susceptibility to both depict brain tissue structures and quantify tissue susceptibility, may provide a viable alternative.

Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Lactate Dehydrogenase in Children with Febrile Convulsions.

Objective: Tissue damage caused by febrile convulsion has not still been proved or refuted completely. Given the fact that lactate dehydrogenase as an intracellular enzyme can be increased due to tissue damage, we decided to evaluate serum and cerebrospinal fluid lactate dehydrogenase in children with febrile convulsion.

Materials & Methods: This is a cross-sectional study on 166 children aged 6-24 month, in three groups of simple febrile convulsion (n=56), complex febrile convulsion (n=27) with 3 different subgroups (recurrence in 24 hours, duration >15 minutes, and with focal components), and control (n=83).

The Association Between Computerized Tomography Findings and Ocular Trauma Score in Open Globe Injury: The Prognostic Value of Imaging.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between CT findings and Ocular Trauma Score (OTS) in open globe injury.

Methods: In 182 eyes with open globe injury, CT findings were categorized into 5 major types: scleral irregularity with decreased globe volume, dislocation of the crystalline lens, abnormal vitreous density, thickening of the chorioretinal layer, and intraocular foreign body/air. Association between different types and number of CT findings with OTS stages were evaluated through a multivariate analysis.

Pediatrics Infected with COVID-19: A Case Series Study on Pediatrics Hospitalized in a Referral Pediatric Hospital.

Introduction: COVID-19 infection which is a novel pneumonia associated with coronavirus suddenly broke out in the world. The aim of this study is to analyze and summarize the clinical characteristics of pediatric patients who were hospitalized in a referral pediatric hospital because of COVID-19 infection.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one COVID-19 infection cases confirmed by clinical and laboratory findings who were hospitalized in our center from 20 February to 19 April 2020 were included.

Effects of Iron Supplementation on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children Treated with Methylphenidate.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of iron on the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, treated with methylphenidate.

Methods: This double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed on 50 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder under the treatment of methylphenidate, with ferritin levels below 30 ng/ml and absence of anemia. They were randomly assigned into two groups of ferrous sulfate and placebo, for 12 weeks.

Evaluating outcomes of complete supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy for staghorn vs multiple non-staghorn renal stones: a 10-year study.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of complete supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy (csPCNL) for staghorn stones and multiple large non-staghorn stones.

Methods: The records of 886 patients who underwent csPCNL from September 2009 to October 2019 were considered. Out of them, 201 cases met the eligibility criteria and they were divided into three groups: 63 cases of staghorn, 68 cases of multiple medium (20 mm < diameter ≤ 30 mm) non-staghorn and 70 cases of multiple large non-staghorn (> 30 mm) stones.

Effect of Midazolam Alone Versus Midazolam with Maternal Presence on Pain and Anxiety of Lumbar Puncture in 6 to 24-Month-Old Children.

Objectives: Midazolam at a dosage of 0.5 mg/kg induces anxiolytic effects in 90% of children. This study was performed to elucidate whether intravenous midazolam with maternal presence is more efficient than intravenous midazolam alone in the reduction of pain and anxiety of lumbar puncture (LP) in 6 to 24-month-old children.

Effectiveness of Iron Therapy on Breath Holding Spells in the Children.

Objectives: The pathophysiology and mechanism of Breath-Holding Spells (BHS) remain controversial, and the relationship between BHS and anemia has not been clarified, although iron supplementation appears to be effective in many patients. We aimed to assess the probable relation of iron level with initiation of these spells in children.

Materials & Methods: Overall, 42 children with a diagnosis of BHS, aged between 6 months to 2 yr were enrolled during Mar 2015 to Dec 2016 at Rasht 17th Shahrivar Hospital, Rasht, northern Iran.