Comparative analysis of physical doses and biomarker changes in subjects underwent Computed Tomography, Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography, and interventional procedures.

Even though the medical uses of ionizing radiation are well-acknowledged globally as vital tools for the improvement of human health, they also symbolize the major man-made sources of radiation exposure to the population. Estimation of absorbed dose and biological changes after radiation-based imaging might help to better understand the effects of low dose radiation. Because of this, we measured the Entrance Surface Dose (ESD) at different anatomical locations using Lithium tetraborate doped with manganese (LiBO: Mn), recorded Dose Length Product (DLP) and Dose Area Product (DAP), analyzed Chromosomal Aberration (CA), Micronucleus (MN), gamma-H2AX (γ-H2AX), and p53 proteins in the blood lymphocytes of patients (n = 267) underwent Computed Tomography (CT), Positron Emission Tomography-CT (PET/CT), and interventional procedures and healthy volunteers (n = 19).

Exploring the differentially expressed genes in human lymphocytes upon response to ionizing radiation: a network biology approach.

Purpose: The integration of large-scale gene data and their functional analysis needs the effective application of various computational tools. Here we attempted to unravel the biological processes and cellular pathways in response to ionizing radiation using a systems biology approach.

Materials And Methods: Analysis of gene ontology shows that 80, 42, 25, and 35 genes have roles in the biological process, molecular function, the cellular process, and immune system pathways, respectively.

Pharmacogenomics of Pain Management: The Impact of Specific Biological Polymorphisms on Drugs and Metabolism.

Purpose Of Review: Pain is multifactorial and complex, often with a genetic component. Pharmacogenomics is a relative new field, which allows for the development of a truly unique and personalized therapeutic approach in the treatment of pain.

Recent Findings: Until recently, drug mechanisms in humans were determined by testing that drug in a population and calculating response averages.

An alternative approach for the induction of premature chromosome condensation in human peripheral blood lymphocytes using mitotic cells.

The premature chromosome condensation (PCC) technique is used to study exposure to external radiation through the determination of chromosome fragments observed in interphase cells. The presence of large telomeric signals in CHO cells interferes with the detection of PCC fragments and the identification of dicentric chromosomes. We present an improved method for the fusion of G0-lymphocytes with mitotic cells (few chromosomes and weakly-staining telomeric sequences) to induce PCC in combination with rapid quantification of dicentric chromosomes and centric rings as an alternative to the classical CHO cell fusion technique.

γ-H2AX Foci Persistence at Chromosome Break Suggests Slow and Faithful Repair Phases Restoring Chromosome Integrity.

Many toxic agents can cause DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), which are in most cases quickly repaired by the cellular machinery. Using ionising radiation, we explored the kinetics of DNA lesion signaling and structural chromosome aberration formation at the intra- and inter-chromosomal level. Using a novel approach, the classic Premature Chromosome Condensation (PCC) was combined with γ-H2AX immunofluorescence staining in order to unravel the kinetics of DNA damage signalisation and chromosome repair.

Radiation signature on exposed cells: Relevance in dose estimation.

The radiation is considered as a double edged sword, as its beneficial and detrimental effects have been demonstrated. The potential benefits are being exploited to its maximum by adopting safe handling of radionuclide stipulated by the regulatory agencies. While the occupational workers are monitored by personnel monitoring devices, for general publics, it is not a regular practice.