Impact of Bone-Modifying Agents on Post-Bone Metastasis Survival Across Cancer Types.

Background: Bone metastasis is associated with a poor prognosis. Bone-modifying agents (BMA) are commonly used for the prevention or treatment of skeletal-related events (SRE) in patients with bone metastasis; however, whether or not treatment with BMA improves survival remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether BMA was involved in post-bone metastasis survival.

Leg fidgeting alleviates reduced oxygen extraction in the gastrocnemius muscle caused by prolonged sitting: a randomized crossover trial.

Purpose: Oxygen extraction in skeletal muscle is an important determinant of exercise tolerance. Prolonged sitting decreases oxygen extraction in the gastrocnemius muscle. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown, and preventive measures are yet to be established.

Factors Predicting Treatment Adherence in Outpatients with Cancer-Related Edema: Decision Tree Analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the combination of factors associated with continuity of care in outpatients with cancer-related edema six months after the initial visit.

Patients And Methods: A total of 101 outpatients were divided into two groups: continuation (n=65) and non-continuation (n=36) groups. Details regarding age, body mass index, sex, affected extremities (upper or lower), site of edema (unilateral or bilateral), International Society of Lymphology (ISL) classification, presence of distant metastasis, and overall score on the lymphedema quality of life questionnaire (LYMQOL) were obtained before initial lymphedema care.

Differences Between Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity and Lower Leg Circumference Ratio in Patients With and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background Vascular endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients causes atherosclerosis and microvascular damage. This study investigated the relationship between leg circumference and arterial stiffness in patients with T2DM compared to non-T2DM individuals. Methods Data from two studies were combined to form T2DM (T2DM group) and non-T2DM (N group) cohorts.

Skin mechanical properties measured with skin elasticity measurement device in patients with lymphedema: Scoping review.

Background: Skin conditions in patients with lymphedema have been identified according to changes in skin mechanical properties. The skin elasticity meter is a non-invasive tool for measuring the mechanical properties of the skin; however, its potential use in patients with lymphedema has received little attention. This review aimed to provide an overview of studies measuring the skin mechanical properties of patients with lymphedema using a skin elasticity meter.

Lorlatinib for the Treatment of Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are rare sarcomas composed of myofibroblastic and fibroblastic cells, accompanied by inflammatory cell infiltration. Many IMTs exhibit clonal rearrangement of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). We herein report a 56-year-old woman with uterine IMT harboring a thrombospondin-1::ALK fusion that developed after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

Reduction in the need for surgery and mortality after early administration of fibrinolytics following empyema drainage.

Objectives: Although intrapleural administration of fibrinolytics is an important treatment option for the management of empyema, the addition of fibrinolytics failed to reduce the need for surgery and mortality in previous randomized controlled trials. This study aimed to investigate the effects of administrating fibrinolytics in the early phase (within 3 days of chest tube insertion) of empyema compared with late administration or no administration.

Methods: We used the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination Inpatient Database to identify patients aged ≥16 years who were hospitalized and underwent chest tube drainage for empyema.

Acute Effects of Skeletal Muscle Electrical Stimulation on Central and Lower Extremity Hemodynamics.

Introduction: Belt electrode-skeletal muscle electrical stimulation (B-SES) is a treatment prescribed for individuals with difficulty performing exercise therapy that improves muscle strength, exercise tolerance, and glucose metabolism. However, the effects of B-SES on the hemodynamics of the central and lower extremity conduit arteries have not been studied. Therefore, this study compared the acute effects of B-SES on the central and lower extremity conduit arteries in healthy young males.

Transcapillary PO Gradients in Contracting Muscles of Type I Diabetic Rats.

Objective: This study aimed to clarify the effect of Type I diabetes (DIA) on transcapillary PO gradients, which are oxygen-driving factors between the blood and the interstitium, in the contracting muscle of rats.

Methods: Wistar male rats were divided into the diabetic (streptozocin i.p.

A Japanese herbal medicine (kampo), hochuekkito (TJ-41), has anti-inflammatory effects on the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mouse model.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive disease that is characterized by chronic airway inflammation. A Japanese herbal medicine, hochuekkito (TJ-41), is prominently used for chronic inflammatory diseases in Japan. This study aimed to analyze the anti-inflammatory effect of TJ-41 in vivo and its underlying mechanisms.

Relationship Among Falls, Fear of Falling, and Physical Activity Level in Patients on Hemodialysis.

Objective: Patients on hemodialysis are highly susceptible to falls and fractures. Amplified apprehension regarding the fear of falling (FOF) constitutes a risk factor that restricts physical activity and escalates the probability of falls among the elderly population. This study aimed to elucidate the association between falls and FOF and physical activity in patients on hemodialysis.

Prolonged Sitting Induces Elevated Blood Pressure in Healthy Young Men: A Randomized Crossover Trial.

Introduction Prolonged sitting-induced blood pooling in the lower legs can increase blood pressure through increased sympathetic nerve activity and peripheral vascular resistance, an aspect that has been understudied as a primary outcome. This study compared the effects of prolonged sitting with those of prolonged supination on blood pressure in healthy young men. Methods This randomized crossover study included 16 healthy young men (mean age: 21.

The Combined Use of Inflammation Markers, Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score, and Sarculator Nomogram in Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcoma: A Multicenter Observational Study.

Background: Sarculator is a validated nomogram designed to predict overall survival (OS) in extremity soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Inflammation plays a critical role in cancer development and progression. There were no reports which investigated the relationship between Sarculator and inflammation.

Prognostic nutrition index as a predictive factor for overall survival in trabectedin-treated advanced soft tissue sarcoma.

Background: Trabectedin binds covalently to the DNA minor groove and causes DNA to bend toward the main groove, then trabectedin regulates the transcription of the involved genes in cell proliferation or acts on the mononuclear phagocyte system in tumors, which contributes to its antitumor effects. Several clinical trials confirmed the efficacy of trabectedin for patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS) although clinically useful biomarkers remained unidentified. This study aimed to identify prognostic factors of trabectedin treatment, especially focusing on the systemic inflammatory, immune response, and nutritional status.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Japanese Herbal Medicine Hochuekkito in a Mouse Model of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Introduction: The traditional Japanese herbal medicine hochuekkito (TJ-41) has been reported to ameliorate systemic inflammation and malnutrition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). TJ-41 has also been known to have preventive effects against influenza virus infection. However, its role in the acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) remains to be elucidated.

Skeletal Muscle Quality Assessment in Patients With Cardiac Disease Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Study.

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with changes in skeletal muscle quantity and quality, such as increased ectopic fat. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) aims to improve the exercise capacity and muscle strength. This study aimed to determine the relationship between qualitative changes in the skeletal muscles and exercise function in patients with and without diabetes mellitus.

Intra- and inter-rater reliabilities of skin mechanical properties measured in healthy individuals using skin elasticity meter.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to establish a standardized measurement method and to examine the intra- and inter-reliabilities and absolute reliability of measuring skin mechanical properties using a skin elasticity meter (Cutometer®).

Methods: Ten healthy participated in the study. Skin mechanical properties were measured at four sites: upper arm, lower arm, upper leg and lower leg on both sides in supine position using a non-invasive skin elasticity meter by two trained different raters.

The Link between Periodontal Disease and Asthma: How Do These Two Diseases Affect Each Other?

A growing body of evidence suggests that the effects of poor oral hygiene extend beyond the oral cavity and are associated with a variety of systemic diseases, including asthma. Asthma, which results in symptoms of cough, wheezing, and dyspnoea, and is characterized by airflow limitation with variability and (partial or complete) reversibility, is amongst the most prevalent respiratory diseases with approximately 262 million patients worldwide, and its prevalence and disease burden is on the increase. While asthma can occur at a young age, it can also develop later in life and affects a variety of age groups.

Relationship between muscle thickness measured by ultrasound and physical functions: A 2-year follow-up study of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients.

Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a potentially curative treatment for hematological malignancies. Several complications following allo-HSCT, such as graft-versus-host disease, infection, and malnutrition, often cause physical dysfunction, and the assessment of physical function and evaluation of muscle mass are incompletely performed. Use of ultrasound (US) allows muscle mass measurement in patients with poor general conditions.

Effectiveness and safety of the co-administration of Yokukan-San (Japanese herbal medicine) with antipsychotics in hospitalized older patients with pneumonia.

Aim: Behavioral and psychological symptoms and delirium frequently occur in hospitalized older patients with pneumonia and are associated with longer hospital stays. Yokukan-San (YKS, traditional Japanese [Kampo] medicine) and antipsychotics are often used to treat delirium and behavioral and psychological symptoms in Japan. Hence, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of the co-administration of YKS with atypical antipsychotics in older patients with pneumonia.