Biomarkers.

Background: There is evidence indicating that disruptions in lipid metabolism are implicated in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with systemic repercussions that can be identified in peripheral blood. Recent studies conducted by our group have identified abnormalities in lipid metabolism among patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia (probable AD), through the investigation of a specific panel of lipid metabolites in plasma. Although much remains to be elucidated about the complex interaction between disturbances in lipid metabolites and the pathogenesis of AD, this promising research area offers exciting opportunities for the development of new strategies for disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

Biomarkers.

Background: Due to the genetic characteristics of Down syndrome (DS), it is directly associated with a group of clinical manifestations resulting from premature aging and may present patterns of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, this study aimed to investigate AD biological markers in peripheral blood samples from adults and elderly individuals with DS and compare them with individuals with normal karyotype.

Methods: The DS group was subclassified into 55 SD without evidence of cognitive decline (DSNC) and 27 DS with cognitive decline (SDAD).

Sakuranetin exerts anticonvulsant effect in bicuculline-induced seizures.

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by an abnormal, spontaneous, and synchronized neuronal hyperactivity. Therapeutic approaches for controlling epileptic seizures are associated with pharmacoresistance and side effects burden. Previous studies reported that different natural products may have neuroprotector effects.

Protein levels of ADAM10, BACE1, and PSEN1 in platelets and leukocytes of Alzheimer's disease patients.

The clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a probabilistic formulation that may lack accuracy particularly at early stages of the dementing process. Abnormalities in amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) metabolism and in the level of APP secretases have been demonstrated in platelets, and to a lesser extent in leukocytes, of AD patients, with conflicting results. The aim of the present study was to compare the protein level of the APP secretases A-disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10), Beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), and presenilin-1 (PSEN1) in platelets and leukocytes from 20 non-medicated older adults with AD and 20 healthy elders, and to determine the potential use of these biomarkers to discriminate cases of AD from controls.

Protein Expression of BACE1 is Downregulated by Donepezil in Alzheimer's Disease Platelets.

Background: Abnormal amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) metabolism is a key feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Platelets contain most of the enzymatic machinery required for AβPP processing, and correlates of intracerebral abnormalities have been demonstrated in platelets of patients with AD. Thus, AβPP-related molecules in platelets may be regarded as peripheral markers of AD.