Late Gastrointestinal Tolerance After Prostate Radiotherapy: Is the Anal Canal the Culprit? A Narrative Critical Review.

Introduction: Late gastro-intestinal toxicities (LGIT) secondary to pelvic radiotherapy (RT) are well described in the literature. LGIT are mainly related to rectal or ano-rectal irradiation; however, involvement of the anal canal (AC) in the occurrence of LGIT remains poorly described and understood.

Materials And Methods: The aim of this work was to explore the potential role of the AC in the development of LGIT after prostate irradiation and identify predictive factors that could be optimized in order to limit these toxicities.

Identification of a Radiosensitivity Molecular Signature Induced by Enzalutamide in Hormone-sensitive and Hormone-resistant Prostate Cancer Cells.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer amongst men. A novel androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, enzalutamide (ENZA) has recently been demonstrated to enhance the effect of radiation (XRT) by impairing the DNA damage repair process. This study aimed to identify a radiosensitive gene signature induced by ENZA in the PCa cells and to elucidate the biological pathways which influence this radiosensitivity.

Enhanced radiosensitization of enzalutamide via schedule dependent administration to androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a progressive disease and the most diagnosed cancer in men. The current standard of care for high-risk localized PCa is a combination of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and radiation (XRT). The majority of these patients however become resistant due to incomplete responses to ADT as a result of selective cells maintaining androgen receptor (AR) activity.

Para-aortic and Pelvic Radiotherapy, an Effective and Safe Treatment in Advanced-stage Uterine Cancer.

Aim: The present, was a feasibility study of extended-field (EF) external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and vaginal brachytherapy (VBT) given sequentially following complete staging and adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with advanced-stage endometrial carcinoma (EC).

Patients And Methods: A cohort study was carried out in 38 patients with stage IIIC and IVB EC treated by surgery, six cycles of paclitaxel-carboplatin chemotherapy followed by EF EBRT and VBT.

Results: A total of 60% of the patients had non-endometrioid histology, 45% had both pelvic and para-aortic lymph node metastases.

Silver clear nylon dressing is effective in preventing radiation-induced dermatitis in patients with lower gastrointestinal cancer: results from a phase III study.

Purpose: For patients with anal canal and advanced rectal cancer, chemoradiation therapy is a curative modality or an important adjunct to surgery. Nearly all patients treated with chemoradiation experience some degree of radiation-induced dermatitis (RID). Prevention and effective treatment of RID, therefore, is of considerable clinical relevance.

Treating the contents and not the container: dosimetric study of hair-sparing whole brain intensity modulated radiation therapy.

Hematogenous metastatases are the most common adult central nervous system malignancies. The standard treatment of these patients continues to include whole brain radiation. An unavoidable toxicity of this treatment is acute iatrogenic alopecia.

Long-term results of high-dose-rate brachytherapy in the primary treatment of medically inoperable stage I-II endometrial carcinoma.

Purpose: Total-abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (TAHBSO) is the gold-standard therapy for patients with endometrial carcinoma. However, patients with high operative risks are usually treated with radiation therapy (RT) alone. The goal of this study was to update our experience of high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDRB), with or without external-beam irradiation (EBRT), for such patients.

Long-term results of para-aortic irradiation for patients with stage I seminoma of the testis.

Purpose: Adjuvant postoperative para-aortic lymph nodal irradiation is an acceptable alternative to para-aortic and ipsilateral pelvic irradiation postorchiectomy for patients with Stage I seminoma of the testis. In this article, we report the long-term results of our prospective evaluation of para-aortic irradiation only for such patients.

Methods And Materials: Between March 1991 and September 2000, 71 patients with Stage I seminoma were treated with adjuvant irradiation to the para-aortic region only after radical inguinal orchiectomy.