Increased alpha cell to beta cell ratio in patients with pancreatic cancer.

The development of pancreatic cancer (PC) is associated with worsening of glucose tolerance. However, there is limited information about the effects of PC on islet morphology. The aim of this study was to elucidate changes in alpha and beta cell mass in patients with PC.

Changes in glycemic variability, gastric emptying and vascular endothelial function after switching from twice-daily to once-weekly exenatide in patients with type 2 diabetes: a subpopulation analysis of the twin-exenatide study.

Background: We investigated the changes in blood glucose fluctuation, gastric emptying, and vascular endothelial function by switching from an exenatide twice-daily formulation (BID) to a once-weekly formulation (QW) since the evaluation of postprandial glucose excursion and glycemic variability (GV) by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) after switching was lacking.

Methods: Twenty-nine patients with type 2 diabetes treated with exenatide BID were included in this study and switched to exenatide QW for 24 weeks. GV assessed by CGM, gastric emptying (by  C-acetate breath test) and vascular endothelial function (by reactive hyperemia - peripheral arterial tonometry) were evaluated at baseline and 24 weeks after switching.

Reduced beta cell number rather than size is a major contributor to beta cell loss in type 2 diabetes.

Aims/hypothesis: Type 2 diabetes is characterised by reduced beta cell mass (BCM). However, it remains uncertain whether the reduction in BCM in type 2 diabetes is due to a decrease in size or number of beta cells. Our aim was to examine the impact of beta cell size and number on islet morphology in humans with and without type 2 diabetes.

Relationship between daily and visit-to-visit glycemic variability in patients with type 2 diabetes.

The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between daily glycemic variability (GV) and visit-to-visit glycemic variability (VVV) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). A total of 156 outpatients with T2DM who had undergone continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) for 5 days were included in this study. Indices of GV, i.

Associations of birthweight and history of childhood obesity with beta cell mass in Japanese adults.

Aims/hypothesis: Low birthweight is associated with a high risk of diabetes, but there are no reports discussing birthweight and pancreatic tissues in humans. The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between birthweight and beta and alpha cell mass in humans.

Methods: Sixty-four Japanese adults with and without diabetes who underwent pancreatectomy and were able to recall their weight history including birthweight were included.

Efficacy and safety of once-weekly exenatide after switching from twice-daily exenatide in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aims/introduction: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-weekly (q.w.) extended-release exenatide after switching from twice-daily (b.

Pancreas Fat and β Cell Mass in Humans With and Without Diabetes: An Analysis in the Japanese Population.

Context: The mechanisms by which β cell mass is reduced in patients with type 2 diabetes remain unclear. It has been postulated that ectopic fat deposits in the pancreas induce β cell apoptosis, leading to the development of diabetes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of intrapancreatic fat on β and α cell mass in humans with and without diabetes.