Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Emicizumab Prophylaxis in Egyptian Pediatric Patients with Hemophilia A.

Objective: Hemophilia A (HA) is a hereditary X-linked bleeding disorder secondary to deficiency of the clotting factor VIII (FVIII). Emicizumab is a monoclonal antibody that replaces the function of the activated FVIII and prevents bleeding in HA patients. Emicizumab is expected to ameliorate bleeding risk in those patients together with subsequent complications.

Impacts of thyme and/or garlic oils on growth, immunity, antioxidant and net farm income in Damascus goats.

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of thyme and/or garlic oil administration on growth performance, immunity, antioxidant, biochemical parameters, and net farm income of Damascus goats. Forty weaned Damascus goats were allocated into four groups. The first group was the control without oral administration, while the 2nd (Th), 3rd (Gr), and 4th (ThGr) groups were orally administrated by (2 ml/goat/day) of thyme oil, garlic oil and their mixture (1:1), respectively during the whole experiment period.

Allergic reaction of poly-ether-ether-ketone versus titanium implants: A posttest-only control group design experimental study using a rabbit model.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine clinically and genetically the allergic effects of titanium and poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) implants following loading in rabbit tibias.

Materials And Methods: This study included 18 white New Zealand male rabbits (n = 18) divided evenly into three groups: control, titanium (Ti), and PEEK (P). Clinically, the allergenic effect of titanium and PEEK was investigated by detecting the effect on lymph nodes.

Dominant A1 Direction as an Additional Factor for Deciding Surgical Approach for A1 Bifurcation Aneurysms.

Background And Objective: Clipping of aneurysms located in the anterior communicating artery (AcomA) is considered a critical surgical procedure for neurosurgeons worldwide because of the complexity of the surgical area. The present study was conducted to discuss the importance of the geometric curvatures and the direction of the dominant A1 artery and their impact on aneurysmal growth direction and choice of side selection of the pterional surgical approach side.

Methods: The present study enrolled 183 patients with ruptured AcomA-located aneurysms.

Contribution of T helper 17 cells and interleukin-17 to the pathogenesis of primary immune thrombocytopenia in Egyptian children.

Though pathogenesis of primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is still rendered unclear, yet there are many research efforts that have been directed to the role of T helper 17 (Th17) and interleukin 17 (IL-17) in the pathogenesis of this disease. The Th17 cell, which produces IL-17, is a subset of T helper cells. Interleukin 17 is pro-inflammatory cytokine that is recently proved to have a crucial role in the emergence of autoimmune diseases.

Geometrical Characteristics of Grade III Arteriovenous Malformations That Contribute to Better Outcomes in Endovascular Treatment.

Background: Grade III brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a distinct subgroup of AVMs that encompasses multiple subtypes according to the Spetzler-Martin classification.

Methods: This retrospective study included 61 patients with grade III AVM who underwent embolization between 2010 and 2022. The study analyzed the angioarchitecture of the AVM nidus and evaluated the outcomes of the embolization procedures.

Role of interleukin 4 (IL4) and interleukin 6 (IL6) in the pathogenesis and prognosis of childhood primary immune thrombocytopenia.

Unlabelled: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the breakdown of immune tolerance. Impairment of the cellular immunity is primarily evaluated by the levels of the cytokines which can help in predicting the course of ITP. We aimed to assess the levels of IL4 and IL6 in children with ITP and evaluate their role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of this disease.

Role of serum cystatin C in the prediction of acute kidney injury following pediatric cardiac surgeries: A single center experience.

Intense contemporary research is directed towards validating novel biomarkers to predict acute kidney injury (AKI) in children undergoing cardiothoracic surgeries. We aimed to evaluate the role of cystatin C in early prediction of AKI following cardiac surgery in children with congenital heart disease. Prospective observational cohort study was conducted on 40 children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery.

Association between ATP binding cassette gene member 1 polymorphism and glucocorticoid response in children with immune thrombocytopenia.

ATP binding Cassette gene member 1 (ABCB1) polymorphism has been incriminated in susceptibility to many malignant, infectious and autoimmune diseases. Recently, it was reported that ABCB1 polymorphisms might have a link to disease progression as well as response to therapy. We aimed to study the association between ABCB1 gene polymorphism and glucocorticoid response in children with newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).

Contribution of interleukin 27 serum level to pathogenesis and prognosis in children with immune thrombocytopenia.

Concepts surrounding the mechanisms of thrombocytopenia in ITP have shifted from the traditional view of autoantibody mediated platelet destruction to more complex mechanisms in which impaired platelet production, T-cell-mediated effects, and disturbed cytokine profiles play a role. Interleukin 27 (IL-27) plays pleiotropic roles in immunomodulation and autoimmune diseases.We aimed to determine the level of IL-27 in patients with ITP and its relationship to patient and disease characteristics as well as disease chronicity and response to treatment.

Angiographic predictors of spontaneous obliteration of transarterial partially embolized brain arteriovenous malformations.

Background: Spontaneous obliteration of cerebral arteriovenous malformations is uncommon but could occur after partial embolization.

Methods: A retrospective study of 140 patients that underwent embolization for cerebral AVMs from 2005 to August 2019 using liquid embolic agents. The angiographic outcome of patients was classified as regard complete embolization, partial embolization, and complete obliteration after partial embolization.

Retinopathy in Egyptian patients with sickle cell disease: A cross-sectional study.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a disorder that causes red blood cells to become sticky and rigid. Sickle cells can block blood flow in small blood vessels depriving the eye of oxygen and cause damage. This is called sickle retinopathy that can progress to severe proliferative sickle cell retinopathy, bleeding into the eye, detachment of the retina or even loss of vision.

FcγRIIa and FcγRIIIa genes polymorphism in Egyptian children with primary immune thrombocytopenia.

Introduction: Phagocytosis of autoantibody-sensitized coated platelets through Fc gamma receptors on phagocytic cells is an important mechanism of thrombocytopenia in primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).

Objective: We aimed to investigate the contribution of the FcγRIIa and FcγRIIIa genes polymorphism to the risk of ITP and their association with disease characteristics in Egyptian children.

Methods: A case control study was conducted on eighty children with primary ITP and eighty age and sex healthy matched subjects as a control group.

Using ESN-Smartphone Application to Maximize AIS Reperfusion Therapy in Alexandria Stroke Network: A Stroke Chain of Survival Organizational Model.

In developing countries like Egypt, the clinical workflow of stroke management is poorly established due to the lack of awareness of the stroke patients concerning their need of therapeutic intervention and the poor identification of facilities equipped to treat stroke. Hence, establishing a stroke system of care in developing countries that can efficiently and rapidly triage patients to the appropriate reperfusion therapy center is imperative to improving stroke management and outcomes. To evaluate a pilot experience in stroke hospital identification and expediting decision-making in AIS treatment through the Alexandria stroke network and Egyptian Stroke Network (ESN)-app.

Comprehensive Study of Atorvastatin Nanostructured Lipid Carriers through Multivariate Conceptualization and Optimization.

The aim of the current study is to establish a comprehensive experimental design for the screening and optimization of Atorvastatin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (AT-NLCs). Initially, combined D-optimal screening design was applied to find the most significant factors affecting AT-NLCs properties. The studied variables included mixtures of solid and liquid lipids, the solid/liquid lipid ratio, surfactant type and concentration, homogenization speed as well as sonication time.

Stroke etiologies in patients with COVID-19: the SVIN COVID-19 multinational registry.

Background And Purpose: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a small but clinically significant risk of stroke, the cause of which is frequently cryptogenic. In a large multinational cohort of consecutive COVID-19 patients with stroke, we evaluated clinical predictors of cryptogenic stroke, short-term functional outcomes and in-hospital mortality among patients according to stroke etiology.

Methods: We explored clinical characteristics and short-term outcomes of consecutively evaluated patients 18 years of age or older with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from 31 hospitals in 4 countries (3/1/20-6/16/20).

Intracranial hemorrhage in primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP): 20 years' experience in pediatrics.

Incidence of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) among children with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) varies among different studies. We published data during the period of 1997-2007 of ICH in children with primary ITP, addressing risk factors and outcome. The aim of this study is to assess changes in incidence, risk factors, and outcome of ICH in children with ITP from last decade and to report the overall 20 years' experience.

The Impact of Angiographic Geometry on the Clinical Presentation of True Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformations.

Background Purpose: Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations (VGAM) may carry life-threatening and catastrophic sequelae in children. Their clinical presentations are differently variable between cardiac and cerebral syndromes. There may be a possible relationship between the Galenic angioarchitecture and the clinical presentation.

First Report of Duck Hepatitis A Virus 3 from Duckling Flocks of Egypt.

Duck hepatitis A viruses (DHAV-1, DHAV-2, and DHAV-3) are the predominant causes of duck virus hepatitis (DVH), a disease of ducklings that leads to massive morbidities, mortalities, and economic losses. As a duck-producing country, Egypt suffered lately from several attacks of DVH, despite the regular vaccination of birds. Between Spring 2016 and Summer 2018, 54 duckling flocks in the Sharkia province of Egypt were tested using the reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) based on the DHAV-3D targeting primers.

PTPN22 gene polymorphism as a genetic risk factor for primary immune thrombocytopenia in Egyptian children.

Objectives: Several genetic and non-genetic risk factors are implicated in the etiology and pathogenesis of primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor 22 gene () plays an important role in regulation of signal transduction through the T-cell receptors. 1858 C > T single nucleotide polymorphism was reported to be associated with increased risk of autoimmune diseases.

Subclinical nephrotoxicity in patients with beta-thalassemia: role of urinary kidney injury molecule.

We aimed to investigate the role of urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in detection of subclinical nephrotoxicity in patients with Beta-thalassemia (β-TM) in relation to chelation therapy and to correlate the urinary KIM-1 level with other clinical and laboratory findings. We conducted a cross-sectional study on 66 thalassemic patients. Their ages range from 7 to 22 years.

What does computational fluid dynamics tell us about intracranial aneurysms? A meta-analysis and critical review.

Despite the plethora of published studies on intracranial aneurysms (IAs) hemodynamic using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), limited progress has been made towards understanding the complex physics and biology underlying IA pathophysiology. Guided by 1733 published papers, we review and discuss the contemporary IA hemodynamics paradigm established through two decades of IA CFD simulations. We have traced the historical origins of simplified CFD models which impede the progress of comprehending IA pathology.