Sample and Library Preparation for PacBio Long-Read Sequencing in Grapevine.

PacBio long-read sequencing is a third-generation technology that generates long reads up to 20 kilobases (kb), unlike short-read sequencing instruments that produce up to 600 bases. Long-read sequencing is particularly advantageous in higher organisms, such as humans and plants, where repetitive regions in the genome are more abundant. The PacBio long-read sequencing uses a single molecule, real-time approach where the SMRT cells contain several zero-mode waveguides (ZMWs).

Dual domestications and origin of traits in grapevine evolution.

We elucidate grapevine evolution and domestication histories with 3525 cultivated and wild accessions worldwide. In the Pleistocene, harsh climate drove the separation of wild grape ecotypes caused by continuous habitat fragmentation. Then, domestication occurred concurrently about 11,000 years ago in Western Asia and the Caucasus to yield table and wine grapevines.

A Review of Ampelometry: Morphometric Characterization of the Grape ( spp.) Leaf.

Grape ( spp.) is one of the most important horticultural crops, cultivated worldwide on more than 7.3 million hectares for various purposes such as winemaking, fresh fruit consumption, rootstock, and ornamental plants.

Gene expression profiling identifies pathways involved in seed maturation of Jatropha curcas.

Background: Jatropha curcas, a tropical shrub, is a promising biofuel crop, which produces seeds with high content of oil and protein. To better understand the maturation process of J. curcas seeds and to improve its agronomic performance, a two-step approach was performed in six different maturation stages of seeds: 1) generation of the entire transcriptome of J.

The Effect of Crystallinity on the Toughness of Cast Polyamide 6 Rods with Different Diameters.

The present paper concentrates on the toughness and the degree of crystallinity of the magnesium-catalyzed polyamide 6 rods cast in different diametres, which are commonly used for gear manufacturing. Its toughness cannot be regarded as a constant feature due to the casting technology. The mechanical properties of the semi-finished products are sensitive to the manufactured dimension, e.

Differentiation of grapevine ( L.) members based on molecular tools.

Twenty-seven grapevine () varieties within 12 putative berry colour variation groups () were genotyped with 14 highly polymorphic microsatellite (simple sequence repeats (SSR)) markers. Three additional oligonucleotide primers were applied for the detection of the Gret1 retroelement insertion in the promoter region of transcription factor gene regulating the UFGT (UDP-glucose: flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase) activity. UFGT is the key enzyme of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway.