Disseminated histiocytic sarcoma in a squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus).

A 14-years-old squirrel monkey was euthanized due to weakness. Histopathological examination revealed multifocal growth of oval cells with severe atypia in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. The neoplastic cells were positive for histiocytic markers (Iba1, HLA-DR, CD204).

Observation of crystallisation dynamics by crystal-structure-sensitive room-temperature phosphorescence from Au(I) complexes.

The aggregation behaviour of Au(I) complexes in condensed phases can affect their emission properties. Herein, aggregation-induced room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is observed from the crystals of trinuclear Au(I) complexes. The RTP is highly sensitive to the crystal structure, with a slight difference in the alkyl side chains causing not only a change in the crystal structure but also a shift in the RTP maximum.

Highly Efficient Aggregation-Induced Room-Temperature Phosphorescence with Extremely Large Stokes Shift Emitted from Trinuclear Gold(I) Complex Crystals.

Highly efficient (≈75% quantum yield), aggregation-induced phosphorescence is reported. The phosphorescence is emitted at room temperature and in the presence of air from crystals of trinuclear Au(I) complexes, accompanied by an extremely large Stokes shift of 2.2 × 10 cm (450 nm).

High-Throughput Screening for Linear Ubiquitin Chain Assembly Complex (LUBAC) Selective Inhibitors Using Homogenous Time-Resolved Fluorescence (HTRF)-Based Assay System.

The nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway is critical for regulating immune and inflammatory responses, and uncontrolled NF-κB activation is closely associated with various inflammatory diseases and malignant tumors. The Met1-linked linear ubiquitin chain, which is generated by linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), is important for regulating NF-κB activation. This process occurs through the linear ubiquitination of NF-κB essential modulator, a regulatory subunit of the canonical inhibitor of the NF-κB kinase complex.

Association of schizophrenia onset age and white matter integrity with treatment effect of D-cycloserine: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind crossover study.

Background: It has been reported that drugs which promote the N-Methyl-D-aspartate-type glutamate receptor function by stimulating the glycine modulatory site in the receptor improve negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia patients being treated with antipsychotic drugs.

Methods: We performed a placebo-controlled double-blind crossover study involving 41 schizophrenia patients in which D-cycloserine 50 mg/day was added-on, and the influence of the onset age and association with white matter integrity on MR diffusion tensor imaging were investigated for the first time. The patients were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS), and other scales.

A part of patients with autism spectrum disorder has haploidy of HPC-1/syntaxin1A gene that possibly causes behavioral disturbance as in experimentally gene ablated mice.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is highly heritable and encompasses a various set of neuropsychiatric disorders with a wide-ranging presentation. HPC-1/syntaxin1A (STX1A) encodes a neuronal plasma membrane protein that regulates the secretion of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. STX1A gene ablated mice (null and heterozygote mutant) exhibit abnormal behavioral profiles similar to human autistic symptoms, accompanied by reduction of monoamine secretion.

1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of glutamate-related abnormality in bipolar disorder.

Background: Previous studies of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) have shown neurophysiological abnormalities related to the glutamate (Glu)-glutamine (Gln) cycle, membrane turnover, and neuronal integrity, although the results were neither consistent nor conclusive. Recently it has been reported the Gln/Glu ratio is the most useful index, quantifying neuronal-glial interactions and the balance of glutamatergic metabolites In this MRS study, we elucidated the abnormalities of metabolites in a larger sample of patients with BD with a high-field MRI system.

Methods: Sixty-two subjects (31 patients with BD and 31 healthy controls [HC]) underwent 3T proton MRS (1H-MRS) of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and left basal ganglia (ltBG) using a stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) sequence.

Risk factors for refeeding hypophosphatemia in Japanese inpatients with anorexia nervosa.

Objective: Refeeding in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with a risk of refeeding syndrome, which is a disruption in metabolism with a variety of features including hypophosphatemia. We evaluated the risk factors for refeeding hypophosphatemia (RH) during nutritional replenishment in Japanese patients with AN.

Methods: We retrospectively examined clinical data for 99 female inpatients (mean age 30.

Morphological and molecular genetic characterization of three Capillaria spp. (Capillaria anatis, Capillaria pudendotecta, and Capillaria madseni) and Baruscapillaria obsignata (Nematoda: Trichuridae: Capillariinae) in avians.

Morphological and genetic analyses were performed on four avian species of the subfamily Capillariinae (Nematoda: Trichuridae), i.e., Capillaria anatis from chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Japan and the Philippines, Baruscapillaria obsignata from chickens and captive swans (Cygnus olor and Cygnus atratus) in Japan, Capillaria pudendotecta from captive swans in Japan, and Capillaria madseni from carrion and jungle crows (Corvus corone and Corvus macrorhynchos) in Japan.

Application of apolipoprotein E-modified liposomal nanoparticles as a carrier for delivering DNA and nucleic acid in the brain.

An innovative drug delivery technology is urgently needed to satisfy unmet medical needs in treating various brain disorders. As a fundamental carrier for plasmid DNA or nucleic acids, we developed a liposomal nanoparticle (multifunctional envelope-type nano device [MEND]) containing a proton-ionizable amino lipid (YSK-MEND). Here we report on the impact of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) modification on the function of YSK-MEND in terms of targeting brain cells.

An apolipoprotein E modified liposomal nanoparticle: ligand dependent efficiency as a siRNA delivery carrier for mouse-derived brain endothelial cells.

A disorder in the brain endothelium is thought to be closely related to the pathophysiology of brain diseases. A method for delivering nucleic acids (i.e.

Magnetic structures of NaFePO4 maricite and triphylite polymorphs for sodium-ion batteries.

The magnetic structure and properties of polycrystalline NaFePO4 polymorphs, maricite and triphylite, both derived from the olivine structure type, have been investigated using magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity, and low-temperature neutron powder diffraction. These NaFePO4 polymorphs assume orthorhombic frameworks (space group No. 62, Pnma), built from FeO6 octahedral and PO4 tetrahedral units having corner-sharing and edge-sharing arrangements.

Interleukin-18 induces insulin resistance in the hyperthyroid state.

We previously reported that serum interleukin-18 (IL-18) levels were significantly increased in hyperthyroid Graves' disease patients. The development of insulin resistance in hyperthyroidism has been documented. We investigated the relationship between IL-18 and insulin resistance in patients with hyperthyroid Graves' disease and in experimental hyperthyroid mice.

Facile synthesis of biphenyl-fused BODIPY and its property.

A biphenyl-fused BODIPY was synthesized through a facile oxidative cyclization of peripheral aryl-substituents at the β-position of the BODIPY unit. The extended π-system of the fused BODIPY induces near-infrared (NIR) absorption and strong π-π interactions in the solid state. These features are beneficial for the application of the dye as a functional material.

Leptin-derived peptide, a targeting ligand for mouse brain-derived endothelial cells via macropinocytosis.

Leptin is an appetite regulatory hormone that is secreted into the blood circulation by adipose tissue, and functions in the central nerve system (i.e. hypothalamus) by crossing the blood brain barrier (BBB).

Efficacy of puffer fish (Takifugu rubripes) sauce in reducing hydroxyl radical damage to DNA assessed using the apurinic/apyrimidinic site method.

Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites are frequently observed DNA lesions when cells are exposed to hydroxyl radicals. We developed a new method for measurement of the antioxidative activity of foods using the occurrence frequency of AP sites on DNA. Combined with the electron spin resonance (ESR) method as a standard method, we examined whether fish and soy sauces including puffer fish [Takifugu rubripes (Temminck et Schlegel)] sauce could protect DNA from damage caused by hydroxyl radicals.

Magnetic orientation of 1,3,5-triphenyl-6-oxoverdazyl radical crystals.

The magnetic orientation has been studied for paramagnetic organic radical crystals 1,3,5-triphenyl-6-oxoverdazyl and 1,5-di-p-tolyl-3-phenyl-6-oxoverdazyl in magnetic fields of 2-80 kOe at temperatures of 77-343 K. The X-ray diffraction measurement has revealed that the crystals are oriented with the crystallographic c axis perpendicular to the field. The anisotropic diamagnetic susceptibility arising from the benzene rings has been estimated for the crystals along the principal magnetic chi 1, chi 2, and chi 3 axes.

Fractionated-dose effect of X-irradiation on the induction of neural tube defects in mice.

This experiment examined whether mouse embryos have a radio-adaptive response to the induction of malformations. Pregnant Slc:ICR mice were exposed to 0.05 Gy X-radiation followed by 0.

Liver-infiltrating T lymphocytes are attracted selectively by IFN-inducible protein-10.

We have demonstrated that interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) is produced in hepatocytes surrounded by infiltrative mononuclear cells in chronic hepatitis. To clarify the role of IP-10 in hepatitis, we examined the chemoattractive activity of IP-10 on liver-infiltrating lymphocytes in experimental animal models of hepatitis. IP-10 was specifically induced in the livers of mice treated intravenously (i.

Increased levels of serum interleukin-12 in Graves' disease.

We investigated serum total interleukin-12 (IL-12) levels in patients with Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The serum IL-12 levels in Graves' disease were significantly increased in the hyperthyroid state, and were decreased during treatment with methimazole or propylthiouracil in accordance with the decline of free tri-iodothyronine (T(3)) levels, free thyroxine levels and thyroid-binding inhibiting immunoglobulin (TBII) levels. When T(3) was administered orally to normal subjects, serum IL-12 levels were slightly increased.

E-selectin gene expression is induced synergistically with the coexistence of activated classic protein kinase C and signals elicited by interleukin-1beta but not tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

We have examined the effect of protein kinase C (PKC) on the expression of the E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNAs in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The lower classic PKC activity on pretreatment with phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)) for 24 h markedly decreased IL-1beta-induced E-selectin mRNA expression in the presence of fetal calf serum and basic fibroblast growth factor, although the induction of ICAM-1 mRNA expression was only influenced a little by the PKC down-regulation. On the other hand, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha)-induced gene expression of these adhesion molecules was unaffected by such PKC modulation.

Cloning of the murine interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) receptor and its specific expression in lymphoid organs.

To isolate the interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) receptor gene, we searched for cells that respond to IP-10. Among several human and murine T cell lines, only CTLL2 cells ( a murine cytotoxic T cell line) responded to IP-10 with transient elevation of intracellular Ca2+. The murine IP-10 receptor gene has been cloned from cDNA derived from CTLL2 cells using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction protocol with two degenerate primers corresponding to conserved regions of chemokine receptors.