Dietary supplements and risk of cause-specific death, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis of primary prevention trials.

Background: In the Western world, dietary supplements are commonly used to prevent chronic diseases, mainly cardiovascular disease and cancer. However, there is inconsistent evidence on which dietary supplements actually lower risk of chronic disease, and some may even increase risk. We aim to evaluate the comparative safety and/or effectiveness of dietary supplements for the prevention of mortality (all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer) and cardiovascular and cancer incidence in primary prevention trials.

Association between water consumption and body weight outcomes in children and adolescents: a systematic review.

Objective: Water is recommended to replace sugar-containing beverages for prevention of childhood obesity. Because this recommendation is not evidence-based yet, the existing evidence on the association between water consumption and body weight outcomes was summarized.

Methods: In a systematic review, studies were retrieved from four electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane) and further search methods.