Does Physical Exercise Improve Resting Autonomic Cardiac Modulation in Overweight and Obese Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of interventions with physical exercise on cardiac autonomic modulation of overweight and/or obese children and adolescents.

Method: The present systematic review was registered in PROSPERO. Searches were performed in the MEDLINE, CENTRAL, SciELO, Scopus, CINAHL, SportDiscus, LILACS, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases.

Lumbar spine bone mineral density in women breastfeeding for a period of 4 to 6 months: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: During the breastfeeding period, important transient changes in calcium homeostasis are verified in the maternal skeleton, to meet the demand for calcium for breastmilk production. The literature is inconclusive regarding the causes and percentages of involvement of bone densitometry resulting from exclusive breastfeeding (4 to 6 months).

Methods: This article aims to systematically review the literature, to determine the occurrence, intensity, and factors involved in alterations in maternal bone mineral density (BMD), during a period of 4 to 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding.

Inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in obese adolescents with antibody against to adenovirus 36.

Obesity in adolescents has reached epidemic proportions and is associated with the inflammatory response and viral infections. The aim of this study was to understand the profile of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines associated with the inflammatory response and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in obese adolescents with positive serology for adenovirus 36 (ADV36). Thirty-six overweight, 36 obese, and 25 severe obesity adolescents aged 10 to 16 years were included in the study.

Learning in Tension: A Case Study Examining What Internal Medicine Residents Learn in the Ambulatory Care Setting.

Introduction: Medical care of patients with complex conditions has shifted to the ambulatory setting, whereas current knowledge of resident learning is primarily based on studies from inpatient settings. Preparing trainees to adapt to this shift necessitates an understanding of what internal medicine (IM) residents currently learn during ambulatory rotations. The aim of this study is to identify what residents learn during their ambulatory care experience.

Effect of two combinations of low-dose oral contraceptives on adolescent bone mass: A clinical trial with 2 years follow-up.

Introduction: Most contraceptive combinations can interfere with the processes of bone formation and resorption.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 2 combinations of low-dose oral hormonal contraceptives (20 µg ethinyl estradiol [EE]/150 mg desogestrel [COC1] or 30 µg EE/3 mg drospirenone [COC2]) on bone mass acquisition in adolescents over 2 years by means of bone densitometry and measurement of biomarkers of bone remodeling.

Methods: Parallel-group, non-randomized controlled clinical trial of 127 adolescents divided into a control group and 2 groups receiving either COC1 or COC2.

Atypical presentation and diagnosis of AIDS-related CMV encephalitis.

We report a case of man in his 40s with a medical history of post-traumatic stress disorder who presented to the emergency department with altered mental status, ataxia, headache and dizziness a few hours after snorting amphetamines and mushrooms. Twenty-four hours after presentation, while no longer abusing amphetamines or mushrooms, he remained ataxic and dizzy. A CT scan of the head showed periventricular hypodensities.

Impact of metabolic syndrome and its components on bone remodeling in adolescents.

Introduction: Osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are diseases that have serious public health consequences, reducing the quality of life of patients and increasing morbidity and mortality, with substantial healthcare expenditures.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of MetS on bone mineral density (BMD) and biochemical markers of bone formation and resorption in adolescents with excess weight.

Method: A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was performed that evaluated 271 adolescents of both sexes (10 to 16 years).

Management of type 2 diabetes: consensus of diabetes organizations.

Despite the advances in diabetes management, people with diabetes are not reaching their target glycemic goals. Healthcare professionals often fail to initiate, escalate, or de-intensify therapy when indicated. There are several organizations that provide guidance on the management of diabetes to assist the practitioner in achieving improved glycemic control, and this can cause confusion to the practitioner on which organizations' guidance to follow.

SOAP Notes During APPEs: Assessment of Student Performance.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare students' ability to perform in each area of the subjective, objective, assessment, and plan (SOAP) note during advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) within an academic year. This study also aimed to compare the quality of SOAP notes between semesters: summer (1-3 rotation blocks), fall (4-6 rotation blocks), and spring (7-9 rotation blocks).

Methods: During internal medicine and acute-care APPEs, students were required to submit a minimum of 2 SOAP notes.

Baxdela (Delafloxacin): A Novel Fluoroquinolone for the Treatment of Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections.

Baxdela (delafloxacin) for treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections.

One-year adolescent bone mineral density and bone formation marker changes through the use or lack of use of combined hormonal contraceptives.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of two low-dose combined oral contraceptives on bone metabolism in adolescents for one year.

Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. The adolescents were divided into three groups: oral contraceptives 1 (n=42) (20μg EE/150μg desogestrel), oral contraceptives 2 (n=66) (30μg EE/3mg drospirenone), and a control group (n=70).

Rolapitant (Varubi): A Substance P/Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonist for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting.

Rolapitant (Varubi) for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

Do metabolic syndrome and its components have an impact on bone mineral density in adolescents?

In recent years, there has been growing concern about the occurrence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) at an early age and its effects on bone mass in adolescents. Adolescence is considered a critical period for bone mass gain. Impaired bone acquisition during this phase can lead to "suboptimal" peak bone mass and increase the risk of osteopenia/osteoporosis and fractures in old age.

ERICA: prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adolescents.

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS We evaluated 37,504 adolescents who were participants in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a cross-sectional, school-based, national study. The adolescents, aged from 12 to 17 years, lived in cities with populations greater than 100,000 inhabitants.

Afrezza (Insulin Human) Inhalation Powder: A New Inhaled Insulin for the Management Of Type-1 or Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Afrezza (insulin human) inhalation powder: a new inhaled insulin for the management of type-1 or type-2 diabetes mellitus.

The Effects of 17 Weeks of Ballet Training on the Autonomic Modulation, Hormonal and General Biochemical Profile of Female Adolescents.

This study aimed to examine the alterations in physiological and biochemical markers, after 17 weeks of ballet training in high level ballet dancers. Twenty four female ballet dancers from 12 to 15 years old took part in the study. The study followed 17 weeks of ballet training and analyzed changes in body composition, the autonomic nervous system and biochemical variables before and after (post) training.

Low-dose combined oral contraceptive use is associated with lower bone mineral content variation in adolescents over a 1-year period.

Background: Low-dose combined oral contraceptives (COCs) can interfere with bone mass acquisition during adolescence. This study aimed to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in female adolescents taking a standard low-dose COC (ethinylestradiol 20 μg/desogestrel 150 μg) over a 1-year period and to compare their data with those of healthy adolescents from the same age group not taking COCs.

Methods: This was a non-randomized parallel-control study with a 1-year follow-up.

The Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents--ERICA: rationale, design and sample characteristics of a national survey examining cardiovascular risk factor profile in Brazilian adolescents.

Background: The Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (Portuguese acronym, "ERICA") is a multicenter, school-based country-wide cross-sectional study funded by the Brazilian Ministry of Health, which aims at estimating the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, including those included in the definition of the metabolic syndrome, in a random sample of adolescents aged 12 to 17 years in Brazilian cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants. Approximately 85,000 students were assessed in public and private schools. Brazil is a continental country with a heterogeneous population of 190 million living in its five main geographic regions (North, Northeast, Midwest, South and Southeast).

Conjugated Estrogens/Bazedoxifene (Duavee): A Novel Agent for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Vasomotor Symptoms Associated With Menopause And the Prevention of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis.

Conjugated estrogens/bazedoxifene (Duavee): a novel agent for the treatment of moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause and the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Relationship between chronological and bone ages and pubertal stage of breasts with bone biomarkers and bone mineral density in adolescents.

Objective: To study bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescent females according to five groups of chronological age (CA), bone age (BA), and breast development stage (B), and to correlate these parameters with plasma bone biomarkers (BB).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study performed in 101 healthy adolescent females between 10 and 20 years old. The study variables were: weight, height, body mass index (BMI), CA, B, BA, calcium intake, BMD, and BB.

Excess body fat negatively affects bone mass in adolescents.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of excess body fat on bone mass in overweight, obese, and extremely obese adolescents.

Methods: This study included 377 adolescents of both sexes, ages 10 to 19 y. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), bone age, bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density (BMD) were obtained by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.