City features related to obesity in preschool children: a cross-sectional analysis of 159 cities in six Latin American countries.

Background: Childhood obesity is a rising global health problem. The rapid urbanization experienced in Latin America might impact childhood obesity through different pathways involving urban built and social features of cities. We aimed to evaluate the association between built and social environment features of cities and childhood obesity across countries and cities in Latin America.

Smoking Ban Law in Chile: Impact in Newborns' Birth Weight by Women's Age Groups and by City Population Density.

We examined the short-term impact of the Smoking Ban Law (SBL) enacted in Chile in 2013 on low birth weight (LBW) rates in cities and its differential effects by different maternal age groups and city density. We included 885,880 live births from 21 Chilean cities of ≥100,000 inhabitants. We examined the smoking and LBW prevalence distribution before and after the SBL.