Arsenic Induced Oxidative Neural-Damages in Rat are Mitigated by Tea-Leave Extract via MMPs and AChE Inactivation, Shown by Molecular Docking and in Vitro Studies with Pure Theaflavin and AChE.

Background: Chronic arsenic-exposure causes neuromuscular disorders and other health anomalies. Damage to DNA and cytoskeletal/extracellular matrix is brought on by reactive-oxygen-species (ROS)-induced intrinsic antioxidant depletion (thiols/urate). Therapeutic chelating-agents have multiple side-effects.

Superiority of the Supramolecular Halogen Bond Receptor over Its H-Bond Analogue toward the Efficient Extraction of Perrhenate from Water.

A halogen bond-based water-soluble tetrapodal iodoimidazolium receptor, , exhibited a high degree of efficiency (∼96%) in extracting ReO from 100% aqueous medium within a wide range of concentrations and of pH values along with excellent reusability. The solid-state X-ray diffraction study showed the trapping of ReO by via the Re-O····I halogen bonding interaction. XPS studies also suggested the interaction between I and ReO through polarization of the electron density of I atoms by ReO.

Role of aspirin activated nitric oxide synthase in controlling DOCA-salt-induced hypertension in rats through the stimulation of renal r-cortexin in kidney cortex cells.

Objectives: Because the damage of kidney tissue is associated with hypertension and impaired nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, and as aspirin is reported to stimulate the synthesis of renal r-cortexin, an anti-hypertensive protein, we investigated the role of aspirin as bolus dose on elevated blood pressure induced by deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt in animal model.

Methods: The chronic antihypertensive effect of aspirin on DOCA treated with ASA group of rats ( = 6) was evaluated after ingestion of 0.35 μM aspirin as a bolus dose in every 24 h using tail cuff methods.

Application of coke breeze for removal of colour from coke plant wastewater.

Treatment of coking waste water has always been a challenge because of its complex and toxic nature. Numbers of technologies like biological treatment, advanced oxidation processes, activated carbon treatment etc. are available for removal of color and organic contaminants from wastewater.

Superiority of a polymeric scavenger over its hexapodal monomer towards efficient ReO removal in water.

A new imidazolium functionalized hexapodal polymeric receptor, [PHIm-Br], showed selective and efficient removal (>99%) of perrhenate (ReO4-), from 100% aqueous medium via solid-liquid extraction, which was 13% higher as compared to its monomeric analouge [HIm-Br]. Most importantly, [PHIm-Br] overcomes the drawback of [HIm-Br] in terms of removal of ReO4- at lower anion concentration of ∼100 ppm along with excellent radiation resistivity and reusability within a wide pH range, which implies its potential towards practical applications.

Stabilization of uranyl(v) by dipicolinic acid in aqueous medium.

Preparation of a stable U(v) complex in an aqueous medium is a challenging task owing to its disproportionation nature (conversion into more stable U(vi) and U(iv) species) and sensitivity to atmospheric oxygen. The stable uranyl (UO)/dipicolinic acid (DPA) complex ([UO(DPA)(OH)(HO)]) was formed at pH 10.5-12.

Breast cancer pathogenesis is linked to the intra-tumoral estrogen sulfotransferase (hSULT1E1) expressions regulated by cellular redox dependent Nrf-2/NFβ interplay.

Background: Estrogen sulfotransferase catalyzes conjugation of sulfuryl-group to estradiol/estrone and regulates E2 availability/activity via estrogen-receptor or non-receptor mediated pathways. Sulfoconjugated estrogen fails to bind estrogen-receptor (ER). High estrogen is a known carcinogen in postmenopausal women.

Selective and efficient removal of perrhenate by an imidazolium based hexapodal receptor in water medium.

This work reports a new cationic imidazolium based hexapodal receptor, [L.6Br], for selective and efficient removal of perrhenate (ReO4-) as [L.6ReO4] from 100% aqueous medium via extraction through precipitation.

Neurotoxic Mechanism of Arsenic: Synergistic Effect of Mitochondrial Instability, Oxidative Stress, and Hormonal-Neurotransmitter Impairment.

Arsenic toxicity which is now a global concern is predicted to affect more than 200 million people. Chronic arsenic exposure conduce carcinogenicity, hepatotoxicity, and neurotoxicity. Here we have reviewed numerous epidemiological and experimental reports related to arsenic toxicity to explore its neurotoxicity mechanism.

Supramolecular Self-Assembly Driven Selective Sensing of Phosphates.

A new bis-heteroleptic Ru complex () with iodotriazole as the anion binding group along with the attached pyrene moiety is developed to investigate anion sensing properties and the origin of its selectivity toward a particular class of anions. Selective sensing of phosphates over other anions in both the solution and solid states by is clearly evident from the perturbation of the absorption band and a large degree of amplification of MLCT emission band in the presence of phosphates. Importantly, macroscopic investigation such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) indicated the formation of supramolecular architecture in the presence of dihydrogen phosphate via halogen bonding interaction and π-π stacking of pyrene moieties.

Mechanistic Insight into Fast and Highly Efficient Organocatalytic Activity of a Tripodal Dimeric Hexaurea Capsular Assembly in Michael Addition Reactions.

A tris(2-aminoethyl)-amine-based dimeric capsular assembly of pentafluorophenyl urea () has been employed as a catalyst in a wide range of Michael addition reactions. This capsular catalyst assembly dramatically accelerates the Michael addition reaction of β-nitrostyrenes () with various Michael donors such as ketoesters (), 1,3-diketones (), diesters (), and cyanoesters () at room temperature to yield the corresponding nitroalkanes in significantly high yields within a very short reaction time. Significant improvement in solubility and use of conventional organic solvents in reaction along with a drastic decrease in reaction time (high value of the rate constant of the reaction) has been achieved through as compared to the previously reported homologous tripodal monomeric urea catalyst ().

Cu(ii) templated formation of [n]pseudorotaxanes (n = 2, 3, 4) using a tris-amino ether macrocyclic wheel and multidentate axles.

A tris-amine and oxy-ether functionalised macrocyclic wheel (NaphMC) and various phenanthroline based multidentate axles (L1, L2 and L3) are utilised for the formation of [n]pseudorotaxanes (n = 2, 3, 4) in high yields via Cu(ii) temptation and π-π stacking interactions. The systematic development of threaded supramolecular architectures i.e.

An integrated urea and halogen bond donor based receptor for superior and selective sensing of phosphates.

A new RuII based bis-heteroleptic ditopic receptor, 1[PF6]2 (C44H33F12IN10OP2Ru), having integrated anion binding iodotriazole (halogen bond donor) and urea units (-NH bond donor) is employed for selective sensing of phosphates (e.g., H2PO4- and HP2O73-).

A multifunctional catenated host for the efficient binding of Eu and Gd.

A new multifunctional [2]catenane is synthesized by using a phenanthroline-based heteroditopic wheel and Axle, which acts as a receptor for the efficient binding of lanthanide ions such as Eu3+ and Gd3+.

Balancing the acidity of the pendant urea arm of bis-heteroleptic ruthenium(ii) complex containing pyridyl triazole for improved oxyanion recognition.

Two new RuII-based bis-heteroleptic ditopic receptors 1[PF6]2 (C44H34F12N10OP2Ru) and 2[PF6]2 (C40H27F17N10OP2Ru), decorated with a 1-naphthyl and pentafluorophenyl urea pendant arm, respectively, along with the previously reported 3[PF6]2 (C40H31F13N10OP2Ru), containing a pendant 4-fluorophenyl urea unit and 4[PF6]2, devoid of a pendant urea arm, have been studied to establish the role of urea proton acidity on the sensing and extraction of oxyanions in the presence of triazole C-H as an additional hydrogen bonding motif. 1H-NMR, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and photophysical experiments show selective binding of 1[PF6]2 and 2[PF6]2 toward oxyanions such as phosphates (e.g.

Role of Acetyl Salicylic Acid in Controlling the DOCA-Salt Induced Hypertension in Rats by Stimulating the Synthesis of r-Cortexin in the Kidney.

Introduction: Hypertension is a metabolic disease which is caused by vasoconstriction and that results into elevated blood pressure. A chronic hypertensive condition affects and even damages to various systems in the body. Presence of renal cortexin (r-cortexin), an antihypertensive protein, which is released from the kidney cortex controls the blood pressure.

Better Predictive Value of Cancer Antigen125 (CA125) as Biomarker in Ovary and Breast Tumors and its Correlation with the Histopathological Type/Grade of the Disease.

Background: Both ovarian/breast cancers are the most prevalent hormone-associated gynecological-cancers, where uncontrolled cellular proliferations/genetic-errors are noticed. The cancer-antigen125 (CA125), which we assessed presently is an important biomarker in the early detection/monitoring of this disease-pathogenesis.

Methods: Serum/tissue CA125 was measured by solid-phase-Enzyme-linked-immunosorbentassay in women with ovarian/breast tumors of different types (epithelial/non-epithelial; benign/ borderline/ malignant)/stages.

Bis-Heteroleptic Ruthenium(II) Complex of Pendant Urea Functionalized Pyridyl Triazole and Phenathroline for Recognition, Sensing, and Extraction of Oxyanions.

A new bis-heteroleptic Ru complex based ditopic receptor, 1[PF], having an anion binding triazole -CH unit and appended 4-fluorophenyl urea arm has been developed. H NMR and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments showed binding of 1[PF] toward oxyanions such as phosphates (e.g.

Asymptomatic leishmaniasis in kala-azar endemic areas of Malda district, West Bengal, India.

Asymptomatic leishmaniasis may drive the epidemic and an important challenge to reach the goal of joint Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) elimination initiative taken by three Asian countries. The role of these asymptomatic carriers in disease transmission, prognosis at individual level and rate of transformation to symptomatic VL/Post Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (PKDL) needs to be evaluated. Asymptomatic cases were diagnosed by active mass survey in eight tribal villages by detecting antileishmanial antibody using rK39 based rapid diagnostic kits and followed up for three years to observe the pattern of sero-conversion and disease transformation.

Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Protects Against Arsenic Neurotoxicity via Antioxidative Mechanism and Activation of Superoxide Dismutase Activity.

Background: Chronic arsenic-exposure even at a low-dose results in the neural impairment and motor/cognitive dysfunction. However, several preventive approaches are made mainly against hepatic/ gastrointestinal damages. Only a few investigations postulate therapeutic strategies for neural anomalies.

Unusual Recognition and Separation of Hydrated Metal Sulfates [M2(μ-SO4)2(H2O)n, M = Zn(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Mn(II)] by a Ditopic Receptor.

A ditopic receptor L1, having metal binding bis(2-picolyl) donor and anion binding urea group, is synthesized and explored toward metal sulfate recognition via formation of dinuclear assembly, (L1)2M2(SO4)2. Mass spectrometric analysis, (1)H-DOSY NMR, and crystal structure analysis reveal the existence of a dinuclear assembly of MSO4 with two units of L1. (1)H NMR study reveals significant downfield chemical shift of -NH protons of urea moiety of L1 selectively with metal sulfates (e.

PKDL--A Silent Parasite Pool for Transmission of Leishmaniasis in Kala-azar Endemic Areas of Malda District, West Bengal, India.

Post Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a chronic but not life-threatening disease; patients generally do not demand treatment, deserve much more attention because PKDL is highly relevant in the context of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) elimination. There is no standard guideline for diagnosis and treatment for PKDL. A species-specific PCR on slit skin smear demonstrated a sensitivity of 93.

Ultrastructural morphology of Helicobacter pylori in post vagotomy dyspepsia.

31 patients of peptic ulcer (PU) treated in the past by vagotomy with Gastrojejunostomy (GJ)/pyloroplasty, later presented with dyspesia. These postvagotomy dyspeptic patients were investigated. Antral and corpus endoscopic biopsies were taken to evaluate for Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection by inhouse rapid urease test (RUT), histopathological examination and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Gastric adenocarcinoma in a patient re-infected with H. pylori after regression of MALT lymphoma with successful anti-H. pylori therapy and gastric resection: a case report.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been etiologically linked with primary gastric lymphoma (PGL) and gastric carcinoma (GC). There are a few reports of occurrence of both diseases in the same patients with H.