The Efficacy of FOLFIRI Plus Ramucirumab in Recurrent Colorectal Cancer Refractory to Adjuvant Chemotherapy with Oxaliplatin/Fluoropyrimidine-Including Biomarker Analyses.

Background: FOLFIRI (5-FU + leucovorin + irinotecan) plus ramucirumab is one of the standards in second-line metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients progressing after treatment with oxaliplatin/fluoropyrimidine with bevacizumab, but there is no evidence on its efficacy without prior bevacizumab. Moreover, VEGF-D has not been confirmed as a predictive biomarker for ramucirumab's efficacy, either.

Methods: The RAINCLOUD study was a multicenter, single-arm, phase II trial conducted in Japan.

A case of esophageal cancer in a diverticulum treated by surgical resection: a case report.

Background: An esophageal diverticulum is a relatively rare disease, with reports of treatment for esophageal cancer in the diverticulum even rarer.

Case Presentation: The case involved a 72-year-old male with a chief complaint of dysphagia. He was diagnosed with an esophageal diverticulum (Zenker's diverticulum) measuring 10 cm in diameter.

Tolerability and Safety Assessment of Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy with S-1 after Limited Surgery for T1 or T2 Lower Rectal Cancer.

Background: The short-term outcomes of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with S-1 (a combination of tegafur, gimeracil, and oteracil) following limited surgery for patients with T1 or T2 lower rectal cancer have shown encouraging results.

Objectives: This study was designed to delve deeper into the long-term outcomes of CRT with S-1 after limited surgery, with the goal of evaluating both the long-term efficacy and potential risks associated with this treatment approach in patients diagnosed with T1 or T2 lower rectal cancer.

Methods: This was conducted as a multicenter, single-arm, prospective phase II trial.

Wnt-deficient and hypoxic environment orchestrates squamous reprogramming of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Human pancreatic cancer is characterized by the molecular diversity encompassing native duct-like and squamous cell-like identities, but mechanisms underlying squamous transdifferentiation have remained elusive. To comprehensively capture the molecular diversity of human pancreatic cancer, we here profiled 65 patient-derived pancreatic cancer organoid lines, including six adenosquamous carcinoma lines. H3K27me3-mediated erasure of the ductal lineage specifiers and hijacking of the TP63-driven squamous-cell programme drove squamous-cell commitment, providing survival benefit in a Wnt-deficient environment and hypoxic conditions.

C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio as a risk factor for anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer with intraoperative use of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging.

Introduction: Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging (ICG-FI) reduces anastomotic leakage (AL) in rectal cancer surgery. However, no studies investigating risk factors for anastomotic leakage specific to the group using ICG-FI have ever previously been conducted. The purpose of this retrospective multicenter study was to ascertain the risk factors for AL in the group using ICG-FI.

The Naples Prognostic Score Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Gastric Cancer Patients Who Receive Curative Treatment.

Background/aim: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of the Naples Prognostic Score (NPS) in patients with gastric cancer and to clarify the potential of the NPS as a nutritional and inflammation evaluation system.

Patients And Methods: This study included 158 patients who underwent curative treatment for gastric cancer between 2005 and 2020. The prognosis and clinical pathological parameters of the high-NPS (NPS >2) and low-NPS (NPS=0, 1) groups were analyzed.

Non-invasive intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasm forming a protruding lesion toward the duodenum from the accessory papilla: a case report.

Background: Intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasm (IOPN), previously classified as a subtype of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), has been described as an independent disease by the WHO since 2019. IOPN is a rare tumor, with few reported cases. Herein, we report a case of resected non-invasive IOPN that formed a lesion protruding toward the duodenum from the accessory papilla.

Clinical Impact of Preoperative Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Surgical Patients With Pancreatic Cancer.

Background/aim: The prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer remains poor, despite recent advances in surgical techniques, perioperative care, neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a prognostic factor and determine the optimal cutoff value in surgical patients with pancreatic cancer.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 461 patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent resection between January 2013 and December 2022 in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery at Kanagawa Cancer Center.

Lymphocyte to Monocyte Ratio Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Patients With Esophageal Cancer Who Receive Curative Treatment.

Background/aim: This study evaluated the clinical impact of the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in patients with esophageal cancer who received curative treatment and perioperative adjuvant treatment. The association between LMR and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with esophageal cancer was also investigated.

Patients And Methods: This study included 181 patients who underwent curative treatment for esophageal cancer between 2005 and 2020.

Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Patients With Esophageal Cancer Who Receive Curative Treatment.

Background/aim: The perioperative nutritional status has recently been reported to influence the prognosis of various types of cancer. We investigated the relationship between the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with esophageal cancer who received radical and adjuvant therapy.

Patients And Methods: Patients who underwent radical resection for esophageal cancer at our hospital (n=187) were included.

The clinical impacts of the prognostic nutritional index for the esophageal cancer patients who received curative treatment.

Background: We investigated the impact of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) on esophageal cancer survival and recurrence after curative treatment.

Methods: This study included 120 patients who underwent curative surgery followed by the adjuvant treatment for esophageal cancer between 2008 and 2018. The risk factors for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were identified.

[A Case of Desmoid Fibromatosis of the Small Intestinal Mesentery Institutions].

The patient was a 27-year-old man. He was referred to our hospital because he was aware of a mass in his abdomen. An abdominal ultrasound showed a 70-mm mass lesion.

The Clinical Influence of Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index in Patients With Gastric Cancer Who Receive Curative Treatment.

Background/aim: We evaluated the clinical impact of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) in patients who received curative treatment and perioperative adjuvant treatment. We also investigated the association between the GNRI and the clinicopathological features of patients with GC.

Patients And Methods: This study included 280 patients who underwent curative treatment for GC between 2005 and 2020.

The Clinical Impact of the Pretreatment Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Gastric Cancer Patients Who Receive Curative Treatment.

Background/aim: The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is a promising prognostic marker in some malignancies. The present study evaluated the clinical impact of the PLR in patients with gastric cancer who underwent curative resection.

Patients And Methods: This study included 258 patients who underwent curative treatment for gastric cancer between 2005 and 2020.

Risk factors for early recurrence in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent curative resection.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers, and surgical resection is the only potentially curative approach. However, the rate of recurrence remains high, particularly within the first 6 months, and is associated with a poor prognosis. The present study evaluated the clinical characteristics and risk factors for early recurrence in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients who underwent curative resection, regardless of the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, to identify predictive factors associated with early recurrence and poor outcomes as well as to determine the optimal treatment strategy for patients at high risk of early recurrence after surgical resection.

Does Intestinal Peristalsis Cause Suture Failure After Instrument Suture?

Background/aim: Gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy is a standard treatment for gastric cancer. Anastomotic leakage remains a potentially fatal complication of gastrectomy. Forceful stapler extraction may cause anastomotic complications.

Adverse Events in Patients With Esophageal Cancer Treated With Nivolumab in Combination With Radiotherapy.

Background/aim: When nivolumab is administered as second-line therapy for esophageal cancer, radiotherapy may also be provided in cases either concurrently or sequentially. The aim of this study was to retrospectively examine whether the incidence of adverse events increases in such cases.

Patients And Methods: Twenty-two esophageal cancer patients [17 males and 5 females; mean age 71 years (range=58-87 years)] treated with nivolumab were included.

Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognosis of Mucinous Gastric Cancer.

Background/aim: Mucinous gastric carcinoma (MGC) has a poor prognosis. Due to the differences in clinicopathology factors between MGC and non-MGC (NMGC), it is difficult to compare them. In this study, we compared the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of MGC and NMGC patients.

The Membrane Potential Has a Primary Key Equation.

It is common to say that the origin of the membrane potential is attributed to transmembrane ion transport, but it is theoretically possible to explain its generation by the mechanism of ion adsorption. It has been previously suggested that the ion adsorption mechanism even leads to potential formulae identical to the famous Nernst equation or the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation. Our further analysis, presented in this paper, indicates that the potential formula based on the ion adsorption mechanism leads to an equation that is a function of the surface charge density of the material and the surface potential of the material.

Prognostic Nutritional Index as a Predictor of Prognosis in Postoperative Patients With Gastric Cancer.

Background/aim: The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) has been reported as an immunonutritional index that can easily evaluate nutritional status and immunocompetence from blood tests. The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of PNI as a prognostic factor in postoperative gastric cancer patients.

Patients And Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we evaluated 258 patients with pStage I-III gastric cancer who underwent radical resection at Yokohama City University Hospital, from 2015 to 2021.