Interventions for the management of long covid (post-covid condition): living systematic review.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of interventions for the management of long covid (post-covid condition).

Design: Living systematic review.

Data Sources: Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to December 2023.

Prognostic role of Androgen Receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7) in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.

Background: The Androgen Receptor (AR) has emerged as an endocrine therapy target in Breast Cancer, exhibiting up to 80% expression in clinical cases. AR-V7, a constitutively activated splice variant of AR with a truncated ligand-binding domain (LBD), demonstrates ligand-independent transcriptional activity and resistance to nonsteroidal antiandrogens like Bicalutamide or Enzalutamide, targeting the LBD. In metastatic prostate cancer, elevated AR-V7 levels lead to therapeutic resistance and increased metastasis.

Expression of Interleukin-8, Interleukin-12 and Interleukin-13 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Biomarker Potentiality and Prognostic Significance.

Purpose: Interleukin-8 (IL8), Interleukin-12 (IL12) and Interleukin-13 (IL13) are cytokines that play regulatory role in cancer pathogenesis. We analysed their expression profile to evaluate as molecular biomarkers of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and their association with different parameters and patient survival.

Methods: Expression analysis was performed by Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was done.

Driven generalized quantum Rayleigh-van der Pol oscillators: Phase localization and spectral response.

Driven classical self-sustained oscillators have been studied extensively in the context of synchronization. Using the master equation, this work considers the classically driven generalized quantum Rayleigh-van der Pol oscillator, which is characterized by linear dissipative gain and loss terms as well as three nonlinear dissipative terms. Since two of the nonlinear terms break the rotational phase space symmetry, the Wigner distribution of the quantum mechanical limit cycle state of the undriven system is, in general, not rotationally symmetric.

Assessing the Risk of Bias in Randomized Clinical Trials With Large Language Models.

Importance: Large language models (LLMs) may facilitate the labor-intensive process of systematic reviews. However, the exact methods and reliability remain uncertain.

Objective: To explore the feasibility and reliability of using LLMs to assess risk of bias (ROB) in randomized clinical trials (RCTs).

Impact of coconut kernel extract on carcinogen-induced skin cancer model: Oxidative stress, C-MYC proto-oncogene and tumor formation.

This study aimed at analysing the effects of coconut ( L.) kernel extract (CKE) on oxidative stress, C-MYC proto-oncogene, and tumour formation in a skin cancer model. Tumorigenesis was induced by dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)/12--tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).

The effects of inulin-type fructans on cardiovascular disease risk factors: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Inulin-type fructans (ITF) are the leading prebiotics in the market. Available evidence provides conflicting results regarding the beneficial effects of ITF on cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ITF supplementation on cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults.

Digest: The detrimental effects of abrupt environmental stress on diversity and fitness.

Does the rate of environmental deterioration influence diversity and fitness in a population? Zhou and Zhang 2024 found that, compared with gradual stress, abrupt stress led to a larger decrease in fitness and diversity in the bacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens. These findings help explain the relationship between species evolution and antimicrobial resistance.

Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in VDR, GC Globulin and CYP2R1 with the Risk of Esophageal Cancer.

Background: The proactive role of vitamin D has been well determined in different cancers. The protein that encodes the components of the vitamin D metabolism could appear to play a pivotal role in vitamin D stability and its maintenance. A polymorphism in vitamin-D-receptor (VDR), carrier globulin/binding protein (GC) and cytochrome P-450 family 2, subfamily R, polypeptide 1 (CYP2R1) genes has been predicted to be associated with the development of cancer.

Alterations of the expression of TET2 and DNA 5-hmC predict poor prognosis in Myelodysplastic Neoplasms.

Background: Myelodysplastic Neoplasms (MDS) are clonal stem cell disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and progression to acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplasia-related (AML-MR). A major mechanism of pathogenesis of MDS is the aberration of the epigenetic landscape of the hematopoietic stem cells and/or progenitor cells, especially DNA cytosine methylation, and demethylation. Data on TET2, the predominant DNA demethylator of the hematopoietic system, is limited, particularly in the MDS patients from India, whose biology may differ since these patients present at a relatively younger age.

Saturated fat, the estimated absolute risk and certainty of risk for mortality and major cancer and cardiometabolic outcomes: an overview of systematic reviews.

Objective: To assess the impact of reducing saturated fat or fatty foods, or replacing saturated fat with unsaturated fat, carbohydrate or protein, on the risk of mortality and major cancer and cardiometabolic outcomes in adults.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and references of included studies for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies in adults published in the past 10 years. Eligible reviews investigated reducing saturated fat or fatty foods or replacing saturated fat with unsaturated fat, carbohydrate or protein, on the risk of cancer and cardiometabolic outcomes and assessed the certainty of evidence for each outcome using, for example, the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations) approach.

Identification of rice leaf diseases and deficiency disorders using a novel DeepBatch technique.

Rice is one of the most widely consumed foods all over the world. Various diseases and deficiency disorders impact the rice crop's growth, thereby hampering the rice yield. Therefore, proper crop monitoring is very important for the early diagnosis of diseases or deficiency disorders.

Monosodium Glutamate Perturbs Human Trophoblast Invasion and Differentiation through a Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Pathway: An In-Vitro Assessment.

The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been associated with various human diseases. ROS exert a multitude of biological effects with both physiological and pathological consequences. Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a sodium salt of the natural amino acid glutamate, is a flavor-enhancing food additive, which is widely used in Asian cuisine and is an ingredient that brings out the "umami" meat flavor.

The metabolic addiction of cancer stem cells.

Cancer stem cells (CSC) are the minor population of cancer originating cells that have the capacity of self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenicity (when transplanted into an immunocompromised animal). These low-copy number cell populations are believed to be resistant to conventional chemo and radiotherapy. It was reported that metabolic adaptation of these elusive cell populations is to a large extent responsible for their survival and distant metastasis.

Effects of inulin-type fructans supplementation on cardiovascular disease risk factors: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials.

Introduction: This review aims to assess the effects of dietary supplementation with inulin-type fructans (ITF) compared with no supplementation on cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults and assess the quality of trial reporting using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) and CONSORT for abstract (CONSORT-A) checklists.

Methods And Analysis: We will search randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Emcare, AMED and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to 31 March 2022, without any language restrictions. The RCTs need to administer ITF in adults for at least 2 weeks and assess effects on at least one cardiovascular risk factor.

Upregulation of anaphase promoting complex (APC) 7 as a prognostic marker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A hospital based study.

Esophageal cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer death, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most prevalent type worldwide, with a poor prognosis due to late diagnosis. The search for new molecular prognostic biomarkers revealed that dysregulation of anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) activation due to altered expression of APC molecules might lead to perturbed mitotic progression leading to malignancy. We analyzed the expression of the four different subunits of the APC/C complex-APC3, APC4, APC5 and APC7-by Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR).

Causal language use in systematic reviews of observational studies is often inconsistent with intent: a systematic survey.

Objectives: We systematically evaluated causal language use in systematic reviews of observational studies and explored the relation between language use and the intent of the investigation.

Study Design And Setting: We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Epistemonikos. We randomly selected 199 reviews published in 2019, stratified in a 1:1 ratio by use and nonuse of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to rating quality of evidence.

Cancer immunotherapy: Recent advances and challenges.

Immunotherapy is a treatment that uses specific components of a person's immune system to fight diseases. This is usually done by stimulating or assisting one's immune system is attacking the offending agent - for instance, in the case of cancer - the target of immunotherapy will be cancer cells. Some types of immunotherapy are also called biologic therapy or biotherapy.

Coronavirus Activates an Altruistic Stem Cell-Mediated Defense Mechanism that Reactivates Dormant Tuberculosis: Implications in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.

We postulate that similar to bacteria, adult stem cells may also exhibit an altruistic defense mechanism to protect their niche against external threat. Herein, we report mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based altruistic defense against a mouse model of coronavirus, murine hepatitis virus-1 (MHV-1) infection of lung. MHV-1 infection led to reprogramming of CD271 MSCs in the lung to an enhanced stemness phenotype that exhibits altruistic behavior, as per previous work in human embryonic stem cells.

Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Diode Laser and Clinpro XT Varnish for Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Context: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a very common dilemma and often results in temporary relief by the conventional treatment method. An comparative study of various methods and materials helps in evaluation of a superior method to provide a long-lasting relief.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of diode laser (DL) and Clinpro XT Varnish for managing DH.

Potential of natural astaxanthin in alleviating the risk of cytokine storm in COVID-19.

Host excessive inflammatory immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection is thought to underpin the pathogenesis of COVID-19 associated severe pneumonitis and acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Once an immunological complication like cytokine storm occurs, anti-viral based monotherapy alone is not enough. Additional anti-inflammatory treatment is recommended.

Altered expression of TGF-β1 and TGF-βR2 in tissue samples compared to blood is associated with food habits and survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

In the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway, TGF-β1 and TGF-β receptor 2 (TGF-βR2) are essential regulatory components which play an important role in different type of cancer. Expressions of TGF-β1 and TGF-βR2 were done by real-time qPCR in both biopsy and blood samples collected from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients (n = 76). The expression profiles were correlated with different lifestyle factors and clinicopathological parameters.

Studies on immune response to Newcastle disease virus in broiler chickens fed with PIA16 isolated from the gut of indigenous chicken of Assam, India.

Background And Aim: The chicken gut harbors microflora which impacts the health, production performance and immune response against pathogens. Assam local chickens reared under natural conditions are known to possess high immunocompetence which may be attributable to its gut microbiota make-up. This study aimed to investigate the individual effect of two strains of PIA16 isolated separately from cecum and jejunum of Assam indigenous chicken on the immunity of broiler chickens against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) when fed singly and in combination with a prebiotic.