Autonomic features of craniofacial neuralgias: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

The aim of the study is to describe the severity, temporal characteristics, and types of autonomic features as they relate to the characteristics of pain of the neuralgias. Also, to describe, based on literature, how these autonomic features can affect the treatment outcomes of patients with craniofacial neuralgias. We carried out a literature search using five databases, PubMed, Embase, OVID, Scopus and Web of Science.

A rare case of renal leiomyosarcoma treated with partial nephrectomy.

Renal Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is an exceptionally rare and aggressive form of RCC (renal cell carcinoma), comprising of 0.5-1% of all adult RCC. This disease constitutes a 5-year 25 % overall survival.

Design of RNA Polymerase Inhibitors as Therapeutics for Tuberculous Meningitis.

Background: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuber-culosis. The current treatment protocols for pulmonary tuberculosis are quite effective, even though the treatment requires 3-6 months. The current treatment protocols for extrapulmonary tuberculosis are based on the same drugs that are used for pulmonary tuberculosis.

Metabolic dialogues: regulators of chimeric antigen receptor T cell function in the tumor microenvironment.

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have demonstrated remarkable success in the treatment of relapsed/refractory melanoma and hematological malignancies, respectively. These treatments have marked a pivotal shift in cancer management. However, as "living drugs," their effectiveness is dependent on their ability to proliferate and persist in patients.

Bone marrow stromal cells induce chromatin remodeling in multiple myeloma cells leading to transcriptional changes.

The natural history of multiple myeloma is characterized by its localization to the bone marrow and its interaction with bone marrow stromal cells. The bone marrow stromal cells provide growth and survival signals, thereby promoting the development of drug resistance. Here, we show that the interaction between bone marrow stromal cells and myeloma cells (using human cell lines) induces chromatin remodeling of cis-regulatory elements and is associated with changes in the expression of genes involved in the cell migration and cytokine signaling.

Effect of Lithium on Orthodontic Tooth Movement: a Systematic Review of Animal Studies.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically review the effect of lithium on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM).

Methods: The focus question was "does lithium have an effect on OTM?" A systematic search was conducted using indexed databases and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. The quality assessment of the selected studies was performed according to the systematic review center for laboratory animal experimentation.

Loss of GABARAP mediates resistance to immunogenic chemotherapy in multiple myeloma.

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a form of cell death by which cancer treatments can induce a clinically relevant antitumor immune response in a broad range of cancers. In multiple myeloma (MM), the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib is an ICD inducer and creates durable therapeutic responses in patients. However, eventual relapse and resistance to bortezomib appear inevitable.

Comparison of the perioperative outcomes of using the Firefly system with indocyanine green during robotic-assisted cystectomy with urinary diversion.

Introduction: Use of indocyanine green (ICG) with near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) has been demonstrated to be an effective tool for intraoperative assessment of bowel and ureteric vascularity. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of ICG on postsurgical outcomes such as anastomotic bowel leak and uretero-enteric stricture formation during robot-assisted cystectomy (RAC) and intracorporeal urinary diversion (ICUD).

Methods: We identified 238 patients who underwent RAC at the University of Louisville between September 2012 and August 2021.

A Contemporary Review of Barriers and Methods to Fostering Academic Urologists.

Urology has shown a gradual decrease in the number of graduating residents who plan to pursue a career in academic medicine. Our objective was to identify barriers to academic urology, present options to mitigate those barriers, and explore strategic ways to encourage trainees to seek careers in academic urology. The authors performed a contemporary review of relevant articles through PubMed assessing prior survey studies, editorials, and expert opinion articles that evaluated academic urology, perceptions of academic medicine, physician burnout, and barriers that have been identified to pursuing careers in academic medicine.

Immunomodulation of NK, NKT and B/T cell subtypes in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma patients treated with pomalidomide along with velcade and dexamethasone and its association with improved progression-free survival.

Background: Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients exhibit dysregulated immune system, which is further weakened by chemotherapeutic agents. While cereblon-modulating agents, such as pomalidomide and lenalidomide, have been found to improve the immune profile, the efficacy of their impact in combination with other treatments is yet unknown.

Methods: We conducted an immune-profiling of a longitudinal cohort of 366 peripheral blood samples from the CC4047-MM-007 (OPTIMISMM, NCT01734928) study.

ABL1 kinase plays an important role in spontaneous and chemotherapy-induced genomic instability in multiple myeloma.

Genomic instability contributes to cancer progression and is at least partly due to dysregulated homologous recombination (HR). Here, we show that an elevated level of ABL1 kinase overactivates the HR pathway and causes genomic instability in multiple myeloma (MM) cells. Inhibiting ABL1 with either short hairpin RNA or a pharmacological inhibitor (nilotinib) inhibits HR activity, reduces genomic instability, and slows MM cell growth.

Advances in promoting chimeric antigen receptor T cell trafficking and infiltration of solid tumors.

T cells engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have demonstrated robust response rates in treating hematological malignancies. However, solid tumors present multiple challenges that hinder the antitumor efficacy of CAR-T cells, including antigen heterogeneity, off-tumor and systemic toxicities, and the immunosuppressive milieu of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Notably, the TME of solid tumors is characterized by chemokine dysregulation and a dense architecture consisting of tumor stroma, extracellular matrix, and aberrant vasculature that impede migration of CAR-T cells to the tumor site as well as infiltration into the solid-tumor mass.

A rare case of ductal variant multilocular prostatic cystadenocarcinoma invading the rectum.

Prostate papillary and cribriform ductal prostatic adenocarcinoma is a rare malignancy infrequently reported in the literature. We describe a case of rectally invasive prostate cystic adenocarcinoma and surgical extirpative management not requiring fecal or urinary diversion.

Exposure of environmental trace elements in prostate cancer patients: A multiple metal analysis.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men. To elucidate the connection between trace elements (arsenic: As, cadmium: Cd, lead: Pb, chromium: Cr, and nickel: Ni) and the risk of PCa, we analyzed trace element levels in the serum, urine, and tissues of PCa patients, while also examining their smoking status. We correlated these levels with their smoking habits.

A Novel Perivesical Fat Rotational Flap as an Alternative to Omental Interposition in Challenging Urological Reconstruction.

Objective: To introduce the application of the perivesical fat rotational flap as a substitute for omental interposition during several complex urologic reconstruction. We highlight our technique using a case of salvage prostatectomy after initial high-intensity focused ultrasound for recurrent high-risk prostate cancer requiring future adjuvant radiation treatment. We have also successfully used this technique in the management of recurrent vesicovaginal, colovesical, rectourethral fistulas, and postradiation salvage prostatectomy setting.

Weight Self-Efficacy and Recovery Among African-Americans With Serious Mental Illness and High Body Weight.

Many African-Americans with serious mental illness fail to engage in evidence-based programs that positively affect weight management. We examined how having a weight-related physical illness correlated with self-efficacy, recovery, and quality of life by contrasting illnesses with symptoms that are obviously perceived ( e.g.

Identification of risk factors and prediction models for secondary malignant neoplasms (SMNs)-free survival and SMNs-specific survival in testicular cancer survivors.

Objective: This research endeavored to determine the key demographic and pathological factors tied to secondary malignant neoplasms (SMNs) in survivors of testicular cancer and to develop a predictive model.

Method: A total of 53,309 testicular cancer patients from the SEER national database (1975-2016) were included in our analysis. The primary outcome measured was SMNs-free survival, defined as the duration from testicular cancer diagnosis to the detection of a non-testicular malignancy.

Can EPIC Be a Low-Cost Alternative to HIPEC in Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer in Resource-Constraint Settings? Experience from Tertiary Care Oncology Center.

Management of advanced ovarian cancer underwent a paradigm shift with advent of cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy requires complex machinery and costly disposables, and increased operative time. Early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy is a relatively less resource-intensive alternative way of intraperitoneal drug delivery.

The association between migraines and periodontal disease: A systematic review of clinical studies.

Background: Recent studies have postulated several hypotheses explaining the association between migraines and periodontitis. We aimed to systematically review and assess if there is an association between inflammatory mediators in migraines and periodontal disease. Indexed database search was performed from inception up to and including April 2022.

Novel Computational Methods for Cancer Drug Design.

Cancer is a complex and debilitating disease that is one of the leading causes of death in the modern world. Computational methods have contributed to the successful design and development of several drugs. The recent advances in computational methodology, coupled with the avalanche of data being acquired through high throughput genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, are likely to increase the contribution of computational methods toward the development of more effective treatments for cancer.