[Bone and soft tissue sarcomas treated at the Norwegian Radium Hospital 1980-99].

Background: The Norwegian Radium Hospital's sarcoma group is a multidisciplinary group with a leading role in the diagnosis and treatment of bone and soft tissue sarcomas in Norway.

Material And Methods: From 1980 through 1999, 1,355 patients with soft tissue sarcoma and 458 patients with bone sarcoma were treated. In a retrospective analysis of trends over time, patients were allocated to consecutive five-year periods.

Computed tomography of pulmonary metastases from osteosarcoma: the less poor technique. A study of 51 patients with histological correlation.

Background: The purpose is to evaluate the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) in the pulmonary staging of osteosarcoma.

Patients And Methods: Fifty-one patients presenting with osteosarcoma and at initial CT considered metastatic to the chest had lung surgery. Two teams of two senior radiologists independently reviewed all CT examinations.

Incidence of radiation-induced insufficiency fractures of the female pelvis: evaluation with MR imaging.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence, time of appearance, and evolution of radiation-induced insufficiency fractures of the female pelvis with MR imaging.

Subjects And Methods: Eighteen women (nine premenopausal and nine postmenopausal) with advanced cervical carcinoma were studied prospectively with MR imaging. The examinations totaled 216 and were scheduled before radiation therapy, three times during radiation therapy, and eight times after radiation therapy.

Treatment of advanced, high-grade soft-tissue sarcoma with ifosfamide and continuous-infusion etoposide.

A total of 33 patients (median age, 44 years) with high-grade, adult soft-tissue sarcoma were treated with etoposide given at 600 mg/m2 in a 72-h continuous infusion and ifosfamide given at 1500 mg/m2 per day for 3 days every 3 weeks. Dose escalation/reduction was protocolled depending on the level of hematological toxicity observed in the preceding course. Overall, 90% of patients had metastatic disease, and the most common histologies were malignant fibrous histiocytoma and leiomyosarcoma.

[Treatment of chondrosarcoma. A retrospective study at the Norwegian Radium Hospital].

The authors present a retrospective analysis of 59 chondrosarcoma patients treated at the Norwegian Radium Hospital during the period 1981 to 1993. 31 patients were admitted with untouched tumour, seven after fine needle cytology and 20 after open biopsy or partial excision. One patient had recurrent local disease.

[Diagnostic aspects of subacute osteomyelitis in children and adolescents. Clinical and radiographic resemblance to primary malignant tumors].

During a six-year period, 17 patients younger than 20 years of age, with a final diagnosis of subacute osteomyelitis, were admitted to the Norwegian Radium Hospital because of an initial suspicion of primary malignant bone tumour. The most common localizations were the metaphyses of long bones (eight patients) and the clavicle (four patients). Pain was the dominating symptom.

Early liver metastases in patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland.

In 13 patients who had been thyroidectomized for medullary carcinoma (MCT), basal and pentagastrin-stimulated immunoreactive calcitonin (iCT) concentrations were measured in a peripheral vein and concomitantly in hepatic veins as well as in the superior and inferior caval veins. The basal concentrations of iCT in serum from the antecubital vein ranged from normal values (less than 0.50 micrograms/1) to grossly elevated (greater than 100 micrograms/1).

Computed tomography of invasive bladder carcinoma after diagnostic transurethral resection.

Fourteen patients with known muscle invasive bladder carcinoma were examined with computed tomography (CT) before and five to seven days after diagnostic transurethral resection (TUR). The CT examinations included pre- and postcontrast series. In order to standardize the technique, we examined on a distended bladder.

Normal and anomalous structures simulating retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy at computed tomography.

The present report illustrates normal and anomalous anatomic structures which may represent pitfalls in diagnosis when computed tomography of the abdomen is performed in the search for enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes.

Contrast-enhanced computed tomography to show perivesical extension in bladder carcinoma.

Fifty-two patients (53 lesions) with muscle invasive carcinoma (T2/T3) of the urinary bladder were examined with computed tomography (CT) before planned total cystectomy. The object of CT was to demonstrate perivesical growth. All patients were examined before and after intravenous injection of contrast medium.

Contrast-enhanced computed tomography in carcinoma of the urinary bladder. The use of different injection methods.

Computed tomography (CT) scans of the urinary bladder were taken before and in combination with intravenous contrast medium injection in 30 patients with invasive bladder carcinoma. Three different ways of injecting the same amount of intravenous contrast material were used in three groups, each consisting of ten patients. In the first group the contrast medium was given during 90 seconds, in the second group during 40 seconds and in the third one, the first half during 20 seconds and the second half during 90 seconds.

Increased detectability of liver metastases by the use of contrast enhancement in computed tomography. A comparison between the precontrast, the immediate postcontrast and the one hour postcontrast scan.

The precontrast, immediate postcontrast and the one hour postcontrast CT scans were analysed in search for liver metastases in 75 patients with malignant disease. The use of high dose intravenous contrast medium (42 g I) increased the number of hepatic metastases detected. The one hour postcontrast scan revealed a few more lesions than the immediate postcontrast scan.

Prognostic factors in liposarcoma.

In a series of 99 liposarcomas, the prognostic impact of the various diagnostic and therapeutic factors was analyzed. The analysis indicated that the tumor size, histologic subtype, and x-ray density are important prognostic factors. The prognosis is also influenced by operability and treatment modalities employed.

The role of CT in demonstrating perivesical tumor growth in the preoperative staging of carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Carcinoma of the urinary bladder was staged both clinically and by CT in 32 patients before they underwent total cystectomy. Eleven of the patients had perivesical growth demonstrated at histopathological examination of the cystectomy specimen. This was diagnosed by CT in all 11 of these patients before cystectomy, but it was discovered by clinical staging in only four patients prior to cystectomy.

Collateral veins in left renal vein stenosis demonstrated via CT.

Twelve patients with left renal vein stenosis from tumor compression were studied with CT. All had distended collateral veins in the perirenal space which either formed a radiating or a cobweb pattern or appeared as marked longitudinal veins. Inferior phrenic vein branches were seen in seven patients and were considerably enlarged in two.

Comparison of computed tomography, lymphography, and phlebography in 200 consecutive patients with regard to retroperitoneal metastases from testicular tumor.

Two hundred patients with testicular tumor were examined by computed tomography (CT), lymphography, and phlebography of the inferior vena cava and left renal and testicular veins. Metastases were demonstrated in 71. CT was positive in 66, lymphography in 60, phlebography in 53, and a combination of lymphography and phlebography in 65.

Treatment of metastatic renal cancer with ifosfamide and mesnum with and without irradiation.

Ifosfamide (50-60 mg/kg of body weight, Days 1-5) and mesnum (10-12 mg/kg of body weight, Days 1-5) were given to 15 patients with measurable metastatic renal cancer. This treatment was repeated on Day 29. In addition, six of these 15 patients received irradiation to some of the metastatic areas.

Effect of irradiation on the feto-placental tissues.

Seven pregnant patients with genital carcinoma were treated with high voltage irradiation in combination with operation. Five patients aborted spontaneously after a dose of 30 to 34 Gy. Two were operated within 2 weeks after completed irradiation.

Combination chemotherapy of germ cell tumors of the testis with vincristine, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, actinomycin D and medroxyprogesterone acetate.

Forty-three patients with disseminated germ cell cancer were treated with a combination of vincristine, Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, actinomycin-D, and medroxyprogesterone acetate. All the 43 patients were considered evaluable for response. Thirty-one patients (72%) achieved a complete or partial remission and 14 (32.