Vacuous chewing movements (VCM) have been utilized as an experimental model of orofacial dyskinesia (OD) in rodents to study the underlying molecular mechanisms related to tardive dyskinesia (TD). This study aimed to investigate if the acute treatment with haloperidol can alter components of the dopaminergic synapse or its modulators such as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and adenosine 2A (A) receptor. Furthermore, to evaluate if changes in molecular markers are associated with the number of VCMs induced by haloperidol in rats it is proposing a method to classify the animals into High and Low VCM groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Vestibular migraine is a neurological disorder characterized by the association of vertigo and headache, affecting up to 1% of the population. Among its differential diagnoses is endolymphatic hydrops. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential and electrocochleography in the diagnosis of vestibular migraine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene), a phenol commonly found in grapes and wine, has been associated as protective in experimental models involving alterations in different neurotransmitter systems. However, studies are reporting that resveratrol could have adverse effects. This study evaluated if the association of a low dose of ketamine and resveratrol could induce behavioral manifestations associated with biochemical alterations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchizophrenia is a chronic, debilitating mental illness that has not yet been completely understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of different doses of ketamine, a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, on the positive- and negative-like symptoms of schizophrenia. We also explored whether these effects are related to changes in the immunoreactivity of GAD, TH, and PPAR-γ in brain structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study evaluated the effect of (+)-catechin, a polyphenolic compound, on orofacial dyskinesia (OD) induced by reserpine in mice. The potential modulation of monoaminoxidase (MAO) activity, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) immunoreactivity by catechin were used as biochemical endpoints. The interaction of catechin with MAO-A and MAO-B was determined in vitro and in silico.
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