Publications by authors named "Talita Adelino"
poses a significant global health threat due to its multidrug-resistance and outbreak potential. In this study, we report its emergence in Minas Gerais, Brazil, supported by genomic surveillance that identified Clade-IV isolates, suggested a potential introduction from Colombia, and detected a missense mutation associated with azole resistance.
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- The study presents a new framework that uses evolutionary information to predict regions in proteins that contain linear B-cell epitopes (LBCEs).
- This method builds models from data organized by evolutionary relationships, outperforming existing general approaches while using simpler features and less data.
- The framework successfully identifies potential LBCEs in viruses like monkeypox and vaccinia, validated by patient sera, highlighting its utility for developing specific immunodiagnostic tools.
Article Synopsis
- - A 7-year-old child developed dengue symptoms after receiving the Qdenga vaccine, with initial tests showing negative results but later confirming a DENV4 infection.
- - Advanced sequencing techniques revealed the presence of viral RNA from both DENV2 and DENV4, identified as strains derived from the vaccine rather than wild-type viruses.
- - This case highlights the importance of accurate diagnostic practices in vaccinated individuals, emphasizing the need for better understanding of vaccine-induced viremia to enhance dengue surveillance and public health strategies.
Article Synopsis
- - Brazil experienced significant COVID-19 impact, highlighted by high death tolls and four main peaks of cases, with the last two waves driven by the emergence of the Omicron variant and its sublineages BA.1, BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5.
- - A study analyzed virus samples from 15 health units in Minas Gerais, revealing that BA.1 and BA.2 were most common in the third wave, while BA.4 and BA.5 dominated the fourth.
- - Findings indicate that vaccination, especially booster doses, played a crucial role in reducing deaths, and the study confirmed the introduction of Omicron subvariants through multiple international cases with continued local transmission.
Exploring Microorganisms Associated to Acute Febrile Illness and Severe Neurological Disorders of Unknown Origin: A Nanopore Metagenomics Approach.
Genes (Basel)
July 2024
Acute febrile illness (AFI) and severe neurological disorders (SNDs) often present diagnostic challenges due to their potential origins from a wide range of infectious agents. Nanopore metagenomics is emerging as a powerful tool for identifying the microorganisms potentially responsible for these undiagnosed clinical cases. In this study, we aim to shed light on the etiological agents underlying AFI and SND cases that conventional diagnostic methods have not been able to fully elucidate.
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- - Sewage surveillance is a useful method for detecting viruses in local communities and can help track outbreaks and emerging health threats, as demonstrated in Belo Horizonte, Brazil through the detection of the Mpox virus in wastewater samples over 9 months.
- - The study found varied detection rates of MPXV DNA, with higher rates in hospital wastewater (40%) compared to municipal wastewater (13.3%), likely influenced by the low number of reported MPXV cases and dilution from large populations served by wastewater treatment plants.
- - In addition to MPXV, nine other virus families were identified, including SARS-CoV-2, highlighting the potential of genomic sewage surveillance as a key public health tool for monitoring diverse viral activity in both hospital and community settings
Unlabelled: The monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak, primarily endemic to Africa, has spread globally, with Brazil reporting the second-highest number of cases. The emergence of MPXV in non-endemic areas has raised concerns, particularly due to the co-circulation of other exanthematous viruses such as varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and molluscum contagiosum virus (MOCV). To perform an accurate differential diagnosis of MPXV during the ongoing outbreak in Minas Gerais, Brazil, a 5PLEX qPCR assay targeting orthopoxviruses (OPV), VZV, and MOCV was used to retrospectively analyze all clinical samples that tested negative for MPXV in the initial screening conducted at Funed.
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- * In this study, researchers used viral metagenomic analysis on 43 serum samples from patients in Brazil who tested negative for common hemorrhagic fever viruses, revealing the presence of Dengue virus (DENV) serotype 2 in one patient.
- * The findings emphasize the importance of considering clinical symptoms for accurate testing and suggest that viral metagenomics could improve the identification of viral causes in hemorrhagic diseases, warranting further research for its implementation in standard diagnostics.
This report provides a detailed overview of the resurgence of DENV-3 in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, which is a concerning scenario in the context of dengue, a mosquito-borne viral disease. Historically, Brazil has grappled with dengue epidemics caused primarily by the DENV-1 and DENV-2 serotypes. However, in 2023, a significant shift in this pattern was observed as DENV-3 made a notable resurgence.
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- The rising spread of arboviruses and increasing infection rates emphasize the urgent need for improved methods to rapidly and accurately detect these pathogens.
- This study focuses on combining nanopore sequencing with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to create a multiplex RT-PCR protocol.
- The new protocol allows the simultaneous detection of multiple viruses, including Chikungunya, dengue, Zika, yellow fever, and West Nile, enhancing our ability to differentiate between arbovirus strains effectively.
Article Synopsis
- * A study analyzed 204 SARS-CoV-2 positive samples, identifying six main lineages with Zeta being the most prevalent, and showed multiple introduction events likely influenced by indigenous mobility.
- * The mortality rate among the indigenous population was estimated at 1.47%, which was slightly lower than the state average, suggesting potential underreporting and challenges in data consistency.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers utilized phylogenetic and epidemiological models to map YFV transmission patterns over different epidemic seasons and identified areas of high infection risk linked to low vaccination rates in major urban centers.
- * By analyzing the genomic data, the study revealed three distinct YFV lineages and demonstrated the connectivity between the endemic North and the extra-Amazonian region, suggesting that genomics combined with eco-epidemiology can enhance understanding and strategies for controlling the virus.
Article Synopsis
- The Chikungunya virus poses a significant public health threat in the Americas, with over 120,000 cases and 51 fatalities reported in 2023.
- Paraguay was the most affected, accounting for 46 of those deaths.
- Researchers used advanced genomic, phylodynamic, and epidemiologic methods to study and understand the current chikungunya epidemic in Paraguay.
Article Synopsis
- * Collaborative efforts led to the collection of 422 chikungunya virus genomes from 12 states, offering insights into how the virus has spread and evolved across the country.
- * Analysis of the genetic data revealed two distinct subclades of the virus and highlighted Northeast Brazil as the main spreading region, with immune system factors potentially influencing its genetic diversity.
Dengue virus (DENV) has been a major public health concern in Paraguay, with frequent outbreaks occurring since early 1988. Although control measures have been implemented, dengue remains a significant health threat in the country, and continued efforts are required for prevention and control. In response to that, in collaboration with the Central Public Health Laboratory in Asunción, we conducted a portable whole-genome sequencing and phylodynamic analysis to investigate DENV viral strains circulating in Paraguay over the past epidemics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhylogenetic Reconstructions Reveal the Circulation of a Novel Dengue Virus-1V Clade and the Persistence of a Dengue Virus-2 III Genotype in Northeast Brazil.
Viruses
April 2023
Dengue fever is among the most significant public health concerns in Brazil. To date, the highest number of Dengue notifications in the Americas has been reported in Brazil, with cases accounting for a total number of 3,418,796 reported cases as of mid-December 2022. Furthermore, the northeastern region of Brazil registered the second-highest incidence of Dengue fever in 2022.
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- - The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) epidemic in the Americas is a major public health issue, with over 120,000 reported cases and 51 fatalities in 2023, predominantly in Paraguay.
- - Researchers employed various genomic, phylodynamic, and epidemiological methods to study the epidemic and understand its progression.
- - The findings contribute to the broader understanding of how CHIKV spreads and can help in managing future outbreaks.
Article Synopsis
- The COVID-19 pandemic and new variants of SARS-CoV-2 have significant global health impacts, highlighting the need for effective monitoring strategies.
- This study investigates the use of high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis paired with one-step real-time reverse transcription PCR as a rapid method to detect SARS-CoV-2 mutations that may affect interactions with hosts.
- HRM analysis successfully distinguished various SARS-CoV-2 variants and shows promise for enhancing genomic surveillance, allowing for more targeted and timely whole genome sequencing of new strains.
Article Synopsis
- - A study analyzed 34 monkeypox virus genomes from patients in Minas Gerais, Brazil, which showed that the virus was initially imported in early June 2022.
- - After the importation, the virus began spreading within the community in the state.
- - All analyzed genomes were part of the B.1 lineage linked to a global outbreak of mpox, providing crucial information for public health responses.
Article Synopsis
- Mosquito-borne diseases like Yellow Fever, Zika, Chikungunya, and Dengue are causing big health problems in Brazil, especially since Chikungunya started spreading in 2014.
- In two years (2021-2022), scientists created 422 new virus genomes from 12 states to better understand how Chikungunya spreads, as there were over 312,000 reported cases.
- They discovered that the northeast region of Brazil is the main area where the virus is spreading to other places and found that certain factors in the immune system might be changing the virus's genes in Brazil.
Monitoring the Establishment of VOC Gamma in Minas Gerais, Brazil: A Retrospective Epidemiological and Genomic Surveillance Study.
Viruses
December 2022
Article Synopsis
- The Gamma variant of COVID-19, first identified in Brazil, has been linked to higher infection rates, hospitalizations, and fatalities, especially during a surge in Minas Gerais in March-April 2021.
- A surveillance study analyzed 1,240 COVID-19-positive samples across 305 municipalities, finding that Gamma was the most prevalent variant (71.2%), followed by Zeta (12.4%) and Alpha (9.6%).
- The study emphasizes the necessity of vaccination to mitigate severe cases and deaths, noting no significant mortality differences among the different variants identified.
Yellow fever virus (YFV) is the agent of the most severe mosquito-borne disease in the tropics. Recently, Brazil suffered major YFV outbreaks with a high fatality rate affecting areas where the virus has not been reported for decades, consisting of urban areas where a large number of unvaccinated people live. We developed a machine learning framework combining three different algorithms (XGBoost, random forest and regularized logistic regression) to analyze YFV genomic sequences.
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- * Despite extensive studies on chikungunya virus transmission across Brazil, there is a lack of data on its genetic diversity in Minas Gerais, leading researchers to generate 40 virus genomes through Nanopore sequencing.
- * Findings revealed multiple virus introductions from northeastern Brazil and a decline in cases from 2017 to 2021, suggesting improved population immunity or altered vector activity; the study emphasizes the need for combining genomic and epidemiological data for better public health strategies.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the spread of the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 in Minas Gerais, Brazil, highlighting its introduction and dominance, which reached 70% of cases within 8 weeks during mid 2021.
- Using PCR genotyping and genome sequencing, it is shown that Delta is more transmissible than the earlier Gamma variant, but this increase in transmissibility did not lead to a rise in cases or deaths, likely due to vaccination efforts.
- The research also identifies Rio de Janeiro as the primary source for the Delta variant's spread in Minas Gerais, suggesting effective control measures despite the heightened transmissibility of the variant.