Look-Locker T1 relaxometry and high-resolution T2 in the evaluation of lung lesions: a single-center prospective study.

Objective: To explore the feasibility of two magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences-high-resolution T2-weighted (HR T2) and Look-Locker T1 (LL T1) relaxometry-for the investigation focal lung lesions (FLLs). As a secondary objective, we analyzed the diagnostic accuracy of these sequences.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective observational study involving 39 subjects with FLLs scanned in a 1.

Rib myelolipoma: a case report.

Background: Myelolipoma is an uncommon benign tumor composed of mature adipose tissue and hematopoietic elements. These tumors generally affect the adrenal glands, with anomalous presentations being rare and with few cases described in the literature. Most myelolipomas are asymptomatic and discovered incidentally, either through imaging tests or at autopsies.

Use of Antidepressants and the Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Bleeding: A Case-control Study.

Purpose: To investigate the association between the use of antidepressants and the risk of upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding (UGIB).

Methods: A Case-control study was conducted in a Brazilian hospital complex. Cases were defined as patients with a diagnosis of UGIB and controls as patients admitted for reasons unrelated to gastrointestinal bleeding, gastric concerns, or complications associated with low-dose aspirin (LDA) or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) use.

Cost of Illness in Patients With COVID-19 Admitted in Three Brazilian Public Hospitals.

Objectives: The severity and transmissibility of COVID-19 justifies the need to identify the factors associated with its cost of illness (CoI). This study aimed to identify CoI, cost predictors, and cost drivers in the management of patients with COVID-19 from hospital and Brazil's Public Health System (SUS) perspectives.

Methods: This is a multicenter study that evaluated the CoI in patients diagnosed of COVID-19 who reached hospital discharge or died before being discharged between March and September 2020.

The role of , and 1639 variants on the susceptibility of upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A full case-control study.

To investigate whether interindividual variability in the (*2 and *3 alleles) and (rs9923231) genes is associated with increased risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) in users of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or low-dose aspirin (LDA). A full case-control study including 200 cases of patients diagnosed with UGIB and 706 controls was conducted in a Brazilian hospital complex. To perform an analysis of NSAIDs dose-effect, the defined daily dose (DDD) for NSAIDs was calculated in the 7-day etiologic window preceding the data index.

VNTR Polymorphism in Intron 4 of the eNOS Gene and the Risk of Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Case-control Study.

Background And Aims: Considering the lack of knowledge regarding the influence of the variable number of repeats of 27 pb in intron 4 (4b/4a VNTR - rs61722009) of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) on the drug response, we assessed the influence of this polymorphism for the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB).

Methods: A case-control study, including 200 cases and 706 controls, was conducted in a Brazilian hospital complex. Cases were participants with UGIB diagnosis.

Traditional Lectures Actually Improve the Body of Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes of Health Care Professional for Health Incident Reporting System.

A solid patient safety culture lies at the core of an effective event reporting system in a health care setting requiring a professional commitment for event reporting identification. Therefore, health care settings should provide strategies in which continuous health care education comes up as a good alternative. Traditional lectures are usually more convenient in terms of costs, and they allow us to disseminate data, information, and knowledge through a large number of people in the same room.

Extemporaneous Compounding: A Possible Trigger Tool to Detect Potential Health Incidents.

Background: Extemporaneous compounding (EC) involves the preparation of a therapeutic product for specific patient need. However, there is a potential relationship between this procedure and the occurrence of health incidents (HI). The use of trigger tools increases HI identification.

Genetic Variants in and Genes Increase the Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Case-Control Study.

To assess the association between and variant alleles and the risk to develop upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) secondary to complicated peptic disease. A case-control study was conducted in a Brazilian complex hospital from July 2016 to March 2020. Patients with UGIB diagnosis.

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH NON-VARICEAL UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING SECONDARY TO PEPTIC DISEASE IN A TERTIARY REFERRAL BRAZILIAN HOSPITAL.

Background: Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) secondary to peptic ulcer disease is a medical digestive emergency and could be one of the most serious adverse drug reactions.

Objective: To identify the frequency of diagnosis of NVUGIB secondary to peptic ulcer disease.

Methods: Prospective and epidemiological study conducted in a tertiary referral Brazilian hospital, from July 2016 to December 2019.

Genetic polymorphisms associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review.

Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (non-variceal UGIB) is a frequent and severe adverse drug reaction. Idiosyncratic responses due to genetic susceptibility to non-variceal UGIB has been suggested. A systematic review was conducted to assess the association between genetic polymorphisms and non-variceal UGIB.

Methylene blue and the NO/cGMP pathway in solid organs transplants.

The nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO/cGMP) pathway has a significative influence in hemodynamic changes that occur in transplants. Classically, the ischemia-reperfusion syndrome (IRS) is characterized by hypotension and low vascular resistance, when cGMP and nitric oxide (NO) are increased, contributing to oxidative stress, within an inflammatory context. These mechanisms occur in several types of transplants, such as liver, heart, lungs, kidney, which are a therapeutic choice in several clinical conditions when conventional treatments failed.

Assessment of the adherence to and costs of the prophylaxis protocol for venous thromboembolism.

Objectives: Evaluate adherence to the therapeutic prophylaxis protocol for venous thromboembolism (VTE) as well as the costs of this practice.

Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted at a State General Hospital in Brazil through reports of drug dispensions, prescriptions and risk stratification of patients. Adherence to the VTE prophylaxis protocol was monitored.

The cardiopulmonary bypass and cancer dissemination puzzle1.

Early cancer diagnosis, new therapies that increased survival of patients, besides the increasingly elderly population are some factors would be associated with possible cancer dissemination in patients under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) cardiac surgery. Also, the benefits, and risks, regarding long-term survival, have not yet been established. Therefore, cardiac surgery morbimortality may be superior in patients with cancer disease.

Incidents reporting: barriers and strategies to promote safety culture.

Objective: The purpose was to identify the barriers of underreporting, the factors that promote motivation of health professionals to report, and strategies to enhance incidents reporting.

Method: Group conversations were carried out within a hospital multidisciplinary team. A mediator stimulated reflection among the subjects about the theme.

Potential Adverse Drug Events and Nephrotoxicity Related to Prophylaxis With Omeprazole for Digestive Disorders: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess whether prophylaxis for digestive disorders with omeprazole is a risk factor for adverse drug events (ADEs) and kidney impairment.

Methods: This was a 9-month, prospective, double-blinded cohort study performed in a Brazilian public hospital. All inpatients 18 years or older admitted during the period of data collection were divided into 2 cohorts.

Clavicle Kirschner Wire Migration into Left Lung: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Kirschner wires are often used to perform osteosynthesis. Migration through tissue of these wires is a rare but well-known occurrence. CASE REPORT A 65-year-old female presented with light intensity pain complaints in the upper left chest area; personal history included left clavicle fracture 20 years ago that was treated surgically with fixation using a K-wire.

Confounding Variables and the Performance of Triggers in Detecting Unreported Adverse Drug Reactions.

Purpose: This study explored the performance of trigger in detecting adverse drug reactions (ADRs), the confounding variables impairing the causal association of the ADRs, and the underreporting rate by hospital health professionals.

Methods: A 6-month cross-sectional study was conducted in a public general hospital. Data collection was conducted in 2 stages: (1) screening of patient hospitalizations to identify suspected ADRs with 9 triggers developed by the Institute of Healthcare Improvement; and (2) chart review to perform the causality assessment of the suspected ADRs identified, to describe the confounding variables associated with detection of suspected ADRs that were not drug induced, and to analyze the positive predictive value of triggers in recognizing ADRs.

Self-perception of knowledge and adherence reflecting the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy.

Objectives: To evaluate which indirect method for assessing adherence best reflects highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) effectiveness and the factors related to adherence.

Method: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed in 2012 at a reference center of the state of São Paulo. Self-report (simplified medication adherence questionnaire [SMAQ]) and drug refill parameters were compared to the viral load (clinical parameter of the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy [EP]) to evaluate the EP.

Toxoplasma gondii pseudocyst in a transbronchial biopsy: a case report.

Background: We herein present a case in which a Toxoplasma cyst was found in a transbronchial biopsy specimen from an immunocompetent patient with negative serology for the parasite.

Case Presentation: An 18-year-old Brazilian man presented with a 1-week history of dyspnea and fever and was diagnosed with right lower lobe pneumonia. He began inpatient treatment with intravenous antibiotics.

In vitro reactivity ("organ chamber") of guinea pig tracheal rings-methodology considerations.

The present text was motivated by the difficulties faced by our postgraduate students when using airways studies protocols and will take into consideration the three mechanisms of relaxation: (I) guanosine 3,5-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP)/NO-dependent; (II) adenosine 3,5-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)/PGI2-dependent, and (III) hyperpolarization-dependent. Tracheal rings are studied in an organ bath containing a gassed physiological salt solution, usually at a temperature of 37 °C. An agent or procedure that causes contraction [acetylcholine (Ach) or metacholine] of the smooth muscle is needed before study airway dilator drugs.

Effects of methylene blue in acute lung injury induced by oleic acid in rats.

Background: In acute lung injury (ALI), rupture of the alveolar-capillary barrier determines the protein-rich fluid influx into alveolar spaces. Previous studies have reported that methylene blue (MB) attenuates such injuries. This investigation was carried out to study the MB effects in pulmonary capillary permeability.

High conductance potassium channels activation by acid exposure in rat aorta is endothelium-dependent.

Background: We investigated, previously, the mechanism by which extracellular acidification promotes relaxation in rat thoracic aorta. These studies suggested that extracellular acidosis promotes vasodilation mediated by NO, KATP and SKCa, and maybe other K(+) channels in isolated rat thoracic aorta. This study was carried out to investigate the paxilline-mediated hyperpolarization induced by acid exposure.